Pathophysiology Chapter 26

The nurse suspects a client has stage 2 systolic hypertension. What systolic pressure would confirm the nurse's suspicion? 140 mm Hg or higher 130 to 139 mm Hg 120 to 129 mm Hg 119 mm Hg or lower

140 mm Hg or higher p.633

In which situation is blood most likely to be rapidly relocated from central circulation to the lower extremities? A client undergoes a stress test on a treadmill. A client does isotonic exercises in a wheelchair. A client is helped out of bed and stands up. A client reclines from a sitting to supine position.

A client is helped out of bed and stands up. p.659

The client tells the provider he has lower back pain. Although most abdominal aneurysms are asymptomatic, the provider examines the client for which initial sign of this condition? A pulsating mass in the abdomen Syncope The pulse is unobtainable in one or both arms Hemiplegia

A pulsating mass in the abdomen p.649

A client reports recent weight loss, fever, fatigue, paresthesia/pain, and weakness of the lower extremities. Assessment findings reveal reddish-blue, mottled areas of discoloration on the lower extremities. Which laboratory/diagnostic test will the health care provider prescribe for this client to correlate vasculitis with disease activity? Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) Catheterization of the carotid artery White blood count Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) p.645

The client has swelling in his right leg and foot and reports calf pain and tenderness. Pedal pulses are present. Which testing procedures could the practitioner prescribe to diagnose this condition? Select all that apply. Ascending venography Duplex ultrasonography Plasma D-dimer Echocardiogram White blood cell count

Ascending venography Duplex ultrasonography Plasma D-dimer p.654

A pregnant female client is at risk for the development of preeclampsia-eclampsia. Select the most important data to assess. Blood pressure 160/100 mm Hg and proteinuria during the 30th week of pregnancy Blood pressure 140/90 and glucose in the urine during the 36th week of pregnancy Blood pressure 130/88 and hyperglycemia occurring during the 22nd week of pregnancy Blood pressure 90/60 and proteinuria in the second trimester

Blood pressure 160/100 mm Hg and proteinuria during the 30th week of pregnancy p.658

A critical care nurse is carefully monitoring a client's mean arterial pressure. Which combination of factors is responsible for mean arterial blood pressure? Heart rate multiplied by stroke volume Stroke volume multiplied by cardiac output Cardiac output multiplied by systemic vascular resistance Systemic vascular resistance multiplied by heart rate

Cardiac output multiplied by systemic vascular resistance p.633

A client has been prescribed a thiazide diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), for the initial treatment of hypertension. What effect does the nurse know this drug will have on the body to consequently decrease blood pressure? Decrease vascular volume Decrease heart rate Decrease renin release Increase vasoconstriction

Decrease vascular volume p.653

The client has been diagnosed with impaired blood flow in the deep venous channels of her legs. The nurse explains that the most common cause of this condition is: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Arteriovenous (AV) fistulas Pressure on the abdominal veins caused by pregnancy Congenital venous malformations

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) p.652

A client has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which lab result would the practitioner expect? Elevation of triglycerides Elevation of HDL Decreased LDL Decreased VLDL

Elevation of triglycerides p.638

What should the nurse teach the client with peripheral vascular disease and intermittent claudication about exercise? Exercise is not recommended in this population. Clients with intermittent claudication should exercise only their arms. Aerobic exercise is not recommended but isometric exercise is. Exercise can increase blood vessel growth and help to decrease symptoms.

Exercise can increase blood vessel growth and help to decrease symptoms. p.656

Which intervention by the client will decrease overall cardiovascular risk? Higher levels of fitness and exercise Psychological counseling to deal with stress Activity limitations to control glucose levels Excess alcohol consumption, especially red wine TAKE ANOTHER QUIZ

Higher levels of fitness and exercise p.656

When will the nurse plan to assess a client's blood pressure to confirm the possible diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension? In the evening just before sleep Midmorning right after taking a short walk In the morning before arising from bed Within a half-hour after the heaviest meal of the day

In the morning before arising from bed p.659

Which statement is characteristic of a thrombus? It forms on the wall of a vessel. It has no internal architecture. It is a normal phenomenon associated with clotting. Formation depends initially on the clotting process.

It forms on the wall of a vessel. p.653

While lecturing on blood pressure, the nurse will emphasize that the body maintains its blood pressure by adjusting the cardiac output to compensate for changes in which physiologic process? Peripheral vascular resistance Electrical impulses in the heart Release of stress hormones Rigidity of the ventricular walls

Peripheral vascular resistance p.633

A client has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia and is asking what treatment will be needed. About which topics should the nurse educate the client? Select all that apply. Smoking cessation Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels Weight reduction if overweight Decreasing physical activity Increased intake of fats and sodium

Smoking cessation Dietary measures to reduce LDL levels Weight reduction if overweight p.641

The nurse is preparing to auscultate a client's blood pressure. Which information obtained from the client would indicate that the nurse should wait 30 minutes prior to obtaining a reading? The client ate a hamburger 45 minutes prior to the reading. The client took her antihypertensive medication 2 hours ago. The client just smoked a cigarette. The client left work 1 hour ago.

The client just smoked a cigarette. p.647

The postoperative client has a catheter in his brachial artery for continuous blood pressure monitoring. Which assessment would be a concern for the nurse? The client states his hand is numb. Pulses are present in the radial artery. The nail beds are pink. The client states his feet are cold.

The client states his hand is numb. p.633

Which type of blood vessel cells in the tunica media layer produce vasoconstriction and/or dilation of blood vessels? Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) Extracellular matrix cells Endothelial cells Collagen tissue

Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) p.631

Raynaud disease or phenonemon is a functional disorder caused by intense vasospasm of the arteries and arterioles in the: Fingers Heart Brain Lungs

p.647 Fingers