Pathophysiology NCLEX Questions: Acid/Base Imbalance

A client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse would monitor this client for signs of which electrolyte disorder that could accompany this acid/base imbalance. 1. hypokalemia 2. hypernatremia 3. hypercalcemia 4. hypochloremia

1; Clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis includes hypokalemia, tachypnea, hyperpnea, weakness, convulsions, etc

A client with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 650 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates that this client is experiencing which type of acid/base imbalance? 1. metabolic acidosis 2. metabolic alkalosis 3. respiratory acidosis 4. respiratory alkalosis

1; Diabetes mellitus can lead to metabolic acidosis (also known as diabetic ketoacidosis)

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing metabolic alkalosis. The nurse plans to maintain the client's safety by implementing which measure? 1. contact isolation 2. seizure precautions 3. bleeding precautions 4. neutropenic precautions

2; A patient experiencing metabolic acidosis is at risk for seizures and tetany. (NOTE = safety)

An anxious client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation. The nurse would perform which action to assist the client? 1. place the client in supine position 2. provide emotional support and reassurance 3. withhold all sedative/antianxiety medications 4. tell the client to breathe deeply but more slowly

2; An anxious client benefits from emotional support, in turn, would reduce anxiety and lower the respiratory rate (NOTE = anxiety)