pbhl 1103 chapters 1-8 Ches Jones UARK

In troubled relationships, an example of criticism would be

"You're the most self-centered person I've ever met!"

Which of the following is TRUE about marital rape?

Many states may treat marital rape as a lesser crime

Which of the following lubricants is safe to use with a condom?

contraceptive foam

Successful community strategies for preventing violence include all of the following EXCEPT

discouraging family planning programs

Self-efficacy is the same as self-esteem

false

How does sleep deprivation affect drivers?

impairs motor skills

Health promotion

includes policies, programs, and financial support for initiatives that promote health

Assault, homicide, and suicide are all examples of

intentional injuries

The vast majority of stalkers are

known to their victims

The transition stage of birth is characterized by

the baby's head moving into the birth canal

Medical abortion performed early in the pregnancy is over 99% effective

true

The three phases of the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

true

During which stage of sleep does a person disengage from the environment?

2

Stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat

ADHD

Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions?

Compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement rather than from money

Which of the following is a useful strategy to prevent explosive anger?

Develop realistic expectations of yourself and others

Which of the following is TRUE about nutrition and exercise during pregnancy?

Exercise can be beneficial, but the woman should consult with her physician first

Which of the following is TRUE of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Failure to meet a lower-level need will interfere with fulfilling higher-level needs

Which of the following is TRUE about preeclampsia?

Fluid retention and sudden weight gain are common signs

Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration?

Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration

Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin?

It can cause hallucinations

Which of the following is TRUE about stalking?

It can occur online

Which of the following statements is TRUE about NuvaRing?

It exposes the user to a lower dose of estrogen than the combination pill

What role does exposure to sunlight during the day play in improving sleep?

It helps to regulate the circadian rhythm

Which of the following is TRUE about primary aggression?

It is goal-directed, hostile self-assertion that is destructive in nature

Which of the following is TRUE about reactive aggression?

It is most often an emotional reaction to frustrating life experiences

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to attention-deficit (hyperactivity) disorder (ADD/ADHD)?

It tends to disrupt relationships

Which of the following is TRUE about positive psychology?

Its interventions have proven effective in reducing disability and increasing longevity

Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true?

People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted

Which of the following statements about self-esteem is FALSE?

Protecting children from failure may boost their ability to persist in the face of difficulties

Which of the following is a key time management strategy that can reduce stress?

Set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end

Which of the following statements about guns in America is true?

Some researchers believe that there are more guns in the United States than there are people

Which of the following is a sign of codependent behavior?

Striving to meet another person's needs in a obsessive and unhealthy way

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that prescription drug abuse is so common?

The drugs have fewer side effects

Which of the following statements about caffeine is true?

The sleep-impairing effects of caffeine can last for 7.7 hours or more

Which of the following is TRUE about teratogenic effects?

These effects can be caused by environmental chemical exposure

Which of the following is NOT true about male condoms?

They can be used with baby oil and body lotions as lubricants

Hedda and Kate have been sharing an apartment for two months, but they're both frustrated. Hedda is tired of nagging Kate about cleaning up after herself, and Kate is tired of being nagged every time she leaves an unwashed coffee cup in the sink. Which of the following strategies might help them resolve their conflict?

They should use "I" messages that clearly state how the speaker feels and what she wants

Which factor would reduce the likelihood of your choosing a particular person as a partner?

Your beliefs, attitudes, and values are significantly different

To ensure its effectiveness, the BEST place to store a condom would be in

a bathroom storage drawer away from sharp objects

A substance intended to affect the structure or function of the body or mind through chemical action is

a drug

A pop quiz in class is an example of

a stressor

Oral contraceptive pills are

about 91 percent effective at preventing pregnancy with typical use

Jade is pregnant. During a regular medical check-up, her physician discusses alcohol consumption. The physician will likely advise that she

abstain from alcohol during pregnancy

Which phase of the cycle of violence includes physical acts intended to inflict pain?

acute battering

Cortisol is secreted by the

adrenal glands

Rape that involves a stranger is classified as

aggravated rape

Hearing a piercing scream late at night while walking on a campus path would likely trigger which phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

alarm

Eve is always upset about something, and it seems that she is never really happy. Her mental outlook is likely to adversely affect

all six dimensions of her health

Eating healthy foods helps in managing stress,

although the precise reasons are not fully understood

Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body?

as a stimulant

Preconception health involves all of the following EXCEPT

avoiding food containing folic acid

Tyler wants to win the trumpet soloist competition this year. His practice time always ends up being the same time his friends are going out to party. Tyler always goes along for the party because he figures he can squeeze in a few minutes of practice somewhere in his schedule. It is competition week and Tyler has come down with a terrible stomach bug. Tyler's illness may be related to

behavior that is inconsistent with his goals

An appraisal of the relationship between an object, action, or idea and some attribute related to it is a(n)

belief

After stubbing his toe, Tom told Connie that he was in agonizing pain. Connie said she believed him, but rolled her eyes. Tom most likely

believed that Connie felt he was exaggerating his pain

You have learned how to intentionally slow your heart rate to calm yourself during an exam. Which method are you using to manage stress?

biofeedback

Melody has been experiencing severe mood swings, feeling highly energized for a period and then experiencing extreme depression. These symptoms are most closely associated with

bipolar disorder

Julio wants to strengthen his relationship with LaVonne by sharing personal information with her. To get over his fear of disclosing his feelings, Julio can do all of the following EXCEPT

blame his parents for his imperfections

The most popular form of LSD is

blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed

Recently, Kevin has been spending a lot of time playing online poker. Last weekend, he decided on a whim to fly to Las Vegas to try his hand at "the real thing." He lost over $5,000. This behavior indicates that Kevin may have

borderline personality disorder

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience

both tolerance and withdrawal

Nathan's piano teacher is insisting that he practice more, while at the same time he is overloaded with assignments in his academic classes, worried about how he's going to make the final payments on this semester's tuition bill, and having trouble sleeping. Nathan is at high risk for

burnout

Research suggests that anxiety disorders

can develop as a learned response to a recurrent stress-inducing situation

Amniocentesis

can identify genetic abnormalities present in the fetus

Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the

central nervous system

The definition of the term family

changes over time

André has a job in international affairs that requires him to travel frequently across multiple time zones. André is at increased risk for

circadian rhythm disorder

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n)

clinical sleep study

Chris and Robin have been romantic partners for almost a decade, and have lived together unmarried for the last four years. Their relationship is considered

cohabitation

By deciding that he didn't have time to vote in the last election, Derrick missed an opportunity to build

collective connectedness

After working on a class project all week and only sleeping about four hours per night, Courtney is

compromising her immunity

Warning signs of suicide include all of the following EXCEPT

compulsion to repeatedly perform rituals

Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of

consumable reinforcer

Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include

cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids

Diaphragms

create a physical and chemical barrier to sperm

The Russian hacking of polling software during the 2016 U.S. elections is an example of

cybercrime

During pregnancy, a woman could increase her folic acid intake by eating

dark leafy greens, citrus fruits, and beans

After his girlfriend breaks up with him, Ian tells himself that all women are cruel and self-centered and that, since he'll never find a loving relationship, he should just stop looking. Ian is indulging in a form of self-talk known as

dichotomous thinking

Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating on him. This probably caused

distress

A disorder that occurs more frequently in babies born to mothers over the age of 35 is

down syndrome

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is

drug misuse

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?

electronic devices

Together, self-awareness, self-management, internal motivation, empathy, and social skills are MOST closely associated with

emotional intelligence

Intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are

emotions

Lisa is aware that her best friend, Kim, has a drinking problem. Lisa continually makes excuses for her and often completes Kim's homework to protect her from flunking out of school. Lisa's behavior is an example of

enabling

Ken is the new pastor at a local church. He is both nervous and excited about his new post and is looking forward to meeting all the members of his new congregation. This process will take some time and effort, but he is convinced that it will help him learn how to serve them better. Ken's situation is an example of

eustress

David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders?

exercise addiction

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in?

exhaustion

Which of the following was a major contributor to the 626 boating fatalities that occurred in 2015?

failure to wear a personal flotation device

A disabled person can never achieve the highest level of wellness

false

A leading personality theory called the five-factor model proposes that, in most people, personality is influenced by five key factors, including genetics, parenting, and level of education

false

A relationship is intimate only if sex is involved

false

About 36% of college students report having used marijuana in the past year

false

According to a recent survey, health concerns are the number-one stressor reported by Americans

false

Actions you take to wash your sheets, clear clutter from your bedroom, and otherwise clean your sleeping area are collectively known as sleep hygiene

false

Acute stress is significant, long-term stress that can produce negative effects on multiple body systems

false

All spermicides are effective in preventing sexually transmitted infections

false

Almost all psychoactive drugs work by increasing the brain's production of neurotransmitters

false

Although Martha drinks an herbal tea at night formulated to support healthy sleep, the botanicals in this tea would not meet the definition of a drug

false

Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness

false

Behavioral therapy focuses on changing a person's habitual attitudes to become more positive and productive

false

Brenda believes in ghosts. When her friend Manami told her about an investigation showing that a supposed haunting of a local theatre was due to natural phenomena, Brenda tuned out. Brenda was engaging in passive listening

false

Child sexual abuse occurs in as many as 2 out of every 100 children

false

College students tend to underestimate the extent of drug use on campus

false

Depressants speed up neuromuscular activity and can increase focus and alertness

false

Differences in political beliefs do not appear to be a factor that contributes to violence

false

Excessive drug and alcohol consumption and poor sleep habits are the primary modifiable determinants related to chronic diseases

false

Experts advise that, if you are approached by a potential assailant, you should not make eye contact

false

Feeling that you have to share everything with your partner is a sign of a healthy relationship

false

Healthy life expectancy is another term for life spa

false

If a woman has a urinary tract infection and takes a pregnancy test, a false positive may result

false

If your state doesn't mandate bike or motorcycle helmets, you don't need to bother wearing them to prevent injuries

false

In the United States, help is available for anyone who truly wants to overcome an addiction

false

Jet lag occurs because travelers take frequent naps while flying

false

Many people who engage in compulsive sexual behavior have a history of physical, emotional, or sexual abuse

false

Most adults need only 5 to 6 hours of sleep per night, provided it is high-quality sleep

false

Most research into birth control methods is focused on men

false

Most types of diaphragms can be purchased over the counter wherever condoms are sold

false

Multitasking is an effective time-management strategy

false

Naps are most effective for improving alertness if they are longer than 30 minutes

false

Nearly 15 percent of all violent acts are attributed to people with serious mental illness

false

Nicotine and alcohol improve sleep by inducing relaxation

false

No valid research exists on the effects of massage therapy on mental health

false

One advantage of the female condom is that it can be used multiple times

false

One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression

false

Outercourse is 100 percent effective against STIs

false

People with bipolar disorder display a limited range of emotions

false

Psychological dependence, which involves feelings of well-being or euphoria, is completely separate from physiological dependence on a substance

false

Psychoneuroimmunology studies the effects of disease on emotional health

false

REM sleep restores the body

false

Restless leg syndrome is an extremely rare disorder, affecting less than 0.5 percent of the U.S. population

false

Seasonal affective disorder is much more common in the summer than in the winter

false

Serial monogamy means that partners have sexual involvement outside their primary relationship

false

Sexual harassment is carried out only by people who are in positions of power

false

Short-duration sleep lowers a person's risk for cardiovascular disease

false

Some research suggests that chronic stress can suppress the amygdala, causing the individual to become passive and apathetic

false

Somnolence is a synonym for sleep deprivation

false

Sterilization has become the leading method of contraception for women of all ages

false

Substance abuse decreases the risk of both homicide and suicide

false

The U.S. Public Health Service categorizes injuries resulting from violence as either intentional or accidental

false

The U.S. divorce rate has increased over the past several decades

false

The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health

false

The correct term for the uterus in a pregnant woman is the placenta

false

The development of self-esteem is an important part of intellectual health

false

The majority of nighttime sleep is spent in REM sleep

false

The media are to blame for the perpetuation of violence in our society

false

The new etiquette of relationships established under social media has made it perfectly acceptable to break up with someone online

false

The only reliable treatment for insomnia is prescription sleeping pills

false

The sponge is inconvenient because it requires a trip to the doctor for fitting

false

The term social health is often used interchangeably with mental health

false

The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-bein

false

Sam and Kris have entered a relationship and are very preoccupied with each other. They constantly want to be with or talk to each other. This example demonstrates that they are

fascinated by each other

Emotional health can best be described as being able to

feel and express emotions appropriately

Anthropologist Helen Fisher and other scientists have described attraction as

feelings of elation and euphoria produced by neurochemicals

Stress management consists of

finding balance and developing coping strategies

Effective health promotion programs

focus on encouraging behaviors known to support good health

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) commonly results in

frequent night waking

Celia spends a good deal of her time feeling on edge, is easily fatigued, and often has difficulty concentrating and getting enough sleep. Her symptoms may characterize

generalized anxiety disorder

All the following causes of death are linked to modifiable lifestyle behaviors EXCEPT

genetic diseases

According to research, immune function is increased in adolescents who

get more than 9 hours of sleep a night

To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful?

getting more sleep and "down time"

Jake is an excellent student and seems pretty resilient. He is passionate about becoming a pediatrician someday, and perseveres despite a high stress level due to his heavy course load and tight finances. Which of the following traits does Jake demonstrate?

grit

A collective term for several positive states in which individuals actively embrace the world around them is

happiness

People who frequently use social networking sites

have larger social networks than non-users, including offline

Falls are the most common cause of

head injury

Education and policies aimed at reducing distracted driving within a given population exemplify

health promotion

Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history of "road rage" and extreme competitiveness. All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT

his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life

The physiological state in which all body systems are in balance and functioning normally is

homeostasis

The part of the brain involved in controlling the body's overall reaction to stress is the

hypothalamus

Which of the following is NOT an indicator that a person's sympathetic nervous system has been activated?

increased salvation

Chemical vapors in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are examples of

inhalants

The fastest-acting method of drug administration is

inhalation

When Marcy moved into her dorm, her parents and her best friend helped. This example BEST illustrates

instrumental support

Mescaline

is derived from a cactus

Beth works part-time as a waitress and receives no health insurance benefits from her employer. She purchased insurance under the Affordable Care Act, but the policy has a $5,000 annual deductible. Beth

is likely to delay care that she needs

People who have experienced repeated failures may develop a pattern of response in which they give up and fail to take any positive action. This is called

learned helplessness

At the end of each day, Anne writes down five positive affirmations about herself to block out any negative thoughts. Anne is demonstrating

learned optimism

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits

Marijuana today is

legal for medicinal purposes in 28 states

A factor commonly seen in women who become victims of intimate partner violence is

low self-esteem

Keisha has a negative attitude about life and puts herself down all the time. Keisha is displaying

low self-esteem

The two contraceptive methods most commonly used by college students are

male condoms and birth control pills

Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage?

maternal infection or hormone imbalance

Mindfulness-based therapy

may be less expensive and easier to implement than traditional psychotherapy

The difference between surgical and medical abortions is that

medical abortions are performed without entering the uterus

Treatment for schizophrenia includes hospitalization and a combination of

medication and psychotherapy

The growth of Internet dating has made it easier to

meet people outside your proximity

Light traveling through the retina of the eye is a key factor in the regulation of

melatonin

The general term for a disorder that disrupts thoughts, feelings, moods, and behavior to the extent that it impairs functioning in daily life is

mental illness

Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n)

mild hallucinogen

The stress hormone cortisol plays a major role during the stress response in

mobilizing nutrients to meet energy needs

A sedentary lifestyle, overuse of caffeine, and risky sexual practices are examples of

modifiable determinants of health

You really want to buy an expensive software program to help you with coursework, but your credit cards are maxed out and the rent is due next week. Which type of stressor is this?

money

A relationship in which the partners are sexually involved only with each other is

monogamous

The restful, restorative period of sleep is

non-REM sleep

A person's bone structure is an example of a(n)

nonmodifiable determinant

Steve and Janelle are friends. When they meet weekly for coffee, they greet each other with a hug. This hug is an example of

nonverbal communication

Jake and Kate have been dating for two years and have a close relationship. They feel that they have someone to care for who also cares for them. This example BEST demonstrates what aspect of Jake and Kate's need fulfillment?

nurturance

Morphine, codeine, and heroin are all

opioids

The feeling that you are overextended and that it's not possible for you to meet all the demands being placed up on you is known as

overload

An adolescent smoker might think lung cancer happens only to old people. This is an example of which factor of the health belief model?

perceived susceptibility

A person who experiences flashbacks after a violent mugging might be suffering from

post-traumatic stress disorder

Gene occasionally has difficulty falling asleep but has never been diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Which strategy can he use to help him fall asleep faster?

practicing deep breathing or meditation before bedtime

Breakdowns in the criminal justice system contribute to violence when

prisons are overcrowded and prisoners may be released early

Jake is being treated for depression by a medical doctor who provides talk therapy and has also prescribed medication for his condition. Which type of mental health professional is Jake seeing?

psychiatrist

A term used to encompass mental, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of health is

psychological

Angel broke up with her boyfriend of two years. In order to cope with the failed relationship, she should

reach out to trusted friends and share her feelings with them

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is associated with

reduced exposure to sunlight

Eleanor comes from a low-income family and struggles to pay for her tuition, room, board, and school supplies. The other students in her major all seem to have no trouble purchasing everything they need, as well as new clothes, meals off campus, concert tickets, and the latest technology. Lately, Eleanor has been struggling with feelings of inferiority, low self-esteem, and doubt that may be due in part to

relative deprivation

Friendships

require time, effort, and commitment

Therapeutic communities are a type of

residential treatment

A growing risk of violent incidents on college campuses has caused colleges to respond by

revising prevention and emergency response strategies

Because it increases one's susceptibility to negative health outcomes, alcohol abuse is an example of which type of behavior?

risk

Having unprotected sex is considered a

risk behavior

An infection during pregnancy that can cause visual or hearing disorders in the infant is

rubella

Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of

self-efficacy

Daniel has been involved in four sexually exclusive relationships over the past six years. This is an example of

serial monogamy

Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to

set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them

Pearl confides that, at a frat party, she was forced to have sex and did not consent; this is an example of

sexual assault

Your friend confides that her coworker is always making sexually explicit comments to her and telling lewd jokes. You explain to her that this is

sexual harassment

Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape. She purchased an elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day. Each week, she will increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour. If she finds that is too rigorous, she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week. Which of the following behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?

shaping

A woman often remains a victim of intimate partner violence because

she fears retaliation against herself or her children

Changing your seat in class to one closer to the front to help change your habit of napping during the lecture is an example of

situational inducement

When you feel groggy and disoriented after a long nap, you are experiencing

sleep intertia

Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it

slows reaction time and impedes decision-making

What is social media screening?

something practiced by some U.S. employers in order to find information about job applicants

Substances designed to kill sperm are known as

spermicides

The willful, repeated, and malicious following, harassing, or threatening of another person is

stalking

A key defense against assault when you're outside alone is to

stay aware of your surroundings

All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT

stimulants

Bernard is a strong swimmer, so it's fine for him to

swim parallel to shore in a rip current

Downshifting refers to the process of

taking steps to simplify one's life

Jane is being harassed by a coworker. You should tell her to

tell her boss

Spiritually healthy people believe

that they are part of a something larger than the purely physical or personal dimensions of existence

When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that

the amniotic sac breaks

During REM sleep

the brain processes and consolidates information

Emily is experiencing an allostatic load due to a dysfunctional relationship, credit card debt, and a challenging course load. Which of the following defines the term allostatic load?

the long-term wear and tear on the body caused by the stress response

Jade's heart races and she cannot think of anything to say when the cute guy in class sits next to her. This is an example of

the stress response

Amelia and Geoff married when Amelia was 20 years old and Geoff was 23. Presuming that their marriage reflects population statistics,

they most likely married around the year 1960

Psychological health is best described as encompassing

thinking, feeling, relating, and being

Noor just found out that she is pregnant. Noor will need

to consume about 300 additional calories a day

A characteristic of addiction is loss of control, which typically leads directly to negative consequences

true

A sleep-deprived driver is as impaired as an intoxicated driver

true

A synergistic drug interaction can be dangerous or even deadly

true

About two-thirds of U.S. abortions are performed before the 9 th week of pregnancy

true

All types of close relationships, not just marriage, are good for our health

true

An unintentional injury is one in which the injury happens due to circumstances, without a deliberate intent to inflict harm

true

Any one dimension of psychological health can affect the others

true

Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health

true

Cardiovascular disease has been identified as a health consequence of chronic stress

true

Challenges to successful gay and lesbian relationships often include discrimination

true

Children raised in dysfunctional families who have experienced violence or abuse may have a harder time adjusting to life and run an increased risk of psychological problems

true

Contraceptive implants are more effective at preventing pregnancy than oral contraceptives

true

Current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on mortality

true

Cutting or self-mutilation can be a sign of borderline personality disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, or an anxiety disorder

true

Defense mechanisms are strategies we use to distort our present reality in order to avoid anxiety

true

During NREM sleep, body temperature and energy use drop

true

Emergency contraceptive pills have been used by almost 10% of sexually active college students or their partners

true

Emotional and psychological violence can cause as much harm as physical blows or injuries

true

Endorphins are hormones that act as "the body's own opioids" in their ability to reduce pain and produce feelings of well-being

true

Even a full year after a tornado struck their town, community residents were at increased risk for traumatic stress

true

Exercise addicts turn to exercise in an attempt to meet needs for nurturance, self-esteem, etc

true

For a low-income individual without dental insurance, cost can be a perceived barrier to obtaining necessary dental care

true

Getting enough sleep may reduce a person's susceptibility to colds

true

Hate crimes sometimes occur because the perpetrator is retaliating for a perceived insult, unfairness, or slight

true

Having to get up frequently during the night to urinate is known as nocturia

true

Health-related quality of life describes the impact of an individual's health on his or her daily functioning

true

In most cases, the perpetrators of child abuse are members of the child's family

true

In the PERMA acronym, the letter M stands for meaning

true

In the United States, 45% of all pregnancies are unintended

true

In the United States, about 20 percent of the population suffers from excessive daytime sleepiness

true

Intimacy is unlikely in relationships lacking self-disclosure

true

Jane stayed up all night taking care of her sick child. She will need to sleep more than average the next few nights to make up for the hours of lost sleep

true

Keeping in touch with your best friend from high school is one way of enhancing your social health

true

Lack of sleep can have a detrimental effect on academic performance

true

Men and women often communicate in gender-specific ways, both in their speech patterns and in their body language

true

Mescaline, in the form of dried peyote buttons, has long been used for religious purposes by people native to the southwestern United States and Latin America

true

Nearly 2 percent of all college students report that they had attempted to kill themselves in the past year

true

One of the goals of the Healthy People 2020 public health initiative is to create social and physical environments that promote health

true

One reason that methadone maintenance is controversial is that it can be addictive

true

Our personalities can be altered through behavior change

true

Over 1 million people in the United States are members of gangs

true

Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more

true

People with major depression experience physical effects such as sleep disturbance as well as persistent sadness and despair

true

Prescription drug abuse has increased dramatically among college students over the past 10 years

true

Psychoneuroimmunology is the scientific study of the interrelationships of mind and body on the immune system

true

Sexual jokes, suggestive comments, and sexual innuendo are forms of sexual harassment

true

Sleep deficiencies have been linked to seven of the fifteen leading causes of death in the United States

true

Social factors, biology and genetics, individual behavior, health services, and policymaking all combine to determine a person's health status

true

Social isolation increases the risks for several factors associated with heart disease and cancer

true

Some intrauterine contraceptives release small amounts of hormones

true

Some research suggests that evolution and genetics both contribute to romantic reactions

true

Some scientists believe that REM sleep enhances memorization and learning

true

Stress can have positive health effects

true

Stress is thought to be related to an increased risk for type 2 diabetes

true

Studies associate mindfulness with pain relief

true

The abortion method known as "partial birth abortion" is illegal in the United States

true

The meta-message is the message underlying the words that the speaker is trying to convey

true

The most common cause of hip fractures is falling

true

The most common cause of male infertility is low sperm count

true

The need for intimacy means the need for someone with whom we can share our feelings freely

true

When trying to drive less aggressively, Bekka observed her family and friends' more careful driving, reflected on what she observed, and changed her driving accordingly. This is an example of the social cognitive model of behavior change

true

Withdrawal and tolerance are key aspects of addiction

true

Women are more likely than men to "tend and befriend" in response to stress

true

Women who are ill are at greater than average risk of marital rape

true

Predictability is a fundamental element of

trust

All of the following are basic mindfulness skills EXCEPT

tuning out a noisy student in the library

A likely reason that people may be meaner online than in person is that

users cannot see the person with whom they are communicating

The term terrorism is correctly applied to situations in which

violence is used to achieve political aims

Insomnia is often characterized by

waking up frequently during the night

The relatively ineffective method of birth control known as coitus interruptus is also called the

withdrawal method

When acute stress bombards your brain with stress chemicals,

your memory may be impaired