Pediatric Exam 4 Review
The nurse inspects the eyes of a child and observes that the sclera is showing over the top of the iris. The nurse documents this finding as: A) Decorticate posturing B) Nystagmus C) Doll's eye D) Sunsetting
D) Sunsetting
The nurse is providing instructions to parents of a 2-year-old child with a fever. The child weighs 33 pounds. Based on the recommended dose for ibuprofen, how much would the nurse instruct the parents to give as the lowest amount per dose?
75 mg
The physician has ordered rectal diazepam (Valium) for a 2-year-old boy with status epilepticus. Which of the following instructions is essential for the nurse to teach the parents? A) Monitor their child's level of sedation. B) Watch for fever indicating infection. C) Gradually reduce the dosage as seizures stop. D) Monitor for an allergic reaction to the medication.
A) Monitor their child's level of sedation.
After teaching a class on the role of white blood cells in infection, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which type of white blood cells as important in combating bacterial infections? A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Lymphocytes
A) Neutrophils
A 10-month-old is brought to the emergency department by her parents after they found her face down in the bathtub. The mother said, ìI just left the bathroom to answer the phone. When I came back, I found her.î Which of the following assessments would be the priority? A) Airway, breathing, and circulation B) Level of consciousness C) Vital signs D) Pupillary response
A) Airway, breathing, and circulation
A group of students are reviewing information about gallbladder disease in children. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following? A) Cholesterol gallstones are more frequently found in males. B) Pigment stones are found primarily in the common bile duct. C) Pancreatitis is a common complication of cholecystitis in children. D) Cholecystitis is due to chemical irritation from obstructed bile flow.
A) Cholesterol gallstones are more frequently found in males.
A 15-year-old adolescent is brought to the emergency department by his parents. The adolescent is febrile with chills that started suddenly. He states, ìI had a sinus infection and sore throat a couple of days ago.î The nurse suspects bacterial meningitis based on which of the following? Select all answers that apply. A) Complaints of stiff neck B) Photophobia C) Absent headache D) Negative Brudzinski sign E) Vomiting
A) Complaints of stiff neck B) Photophobia E) Vomiting
A 4-year-old boy has a history of seizures and has been started on a ketogenic diet. Which of the following food selections would be most appropriate for his lunch? A) Fried eggs, bacon, and iced tea B) A hamburger on a bun, French fries, and milk C) Spaghetti with meatballs, garlic bread, and a cola drink D) A grilled cheese sandwich, potato chips, and a milkshake
A) Fried eggs, bacon, and iced tea
The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized with Reye syndrome who is in the acute stage of the illness. The nurse would assess the child most carefully for which of the following? A) Indications of increased intracranial pressure B) An increase in the blood glucose level C) A decrease in the liver enzymes D) A presence of protein in the urine
A) Indications of increased intracranial pressure
The nurse is providing care to a child with pancreatitis. When reviewing the child's laboratory test results, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all answers that apply. A) Leukocytosis B) Decreased C-reactive protein C) Elevated serum amylase levels D) Positive stool culture E) Decreased serum lipase levels
A) Leukocytosis C) Elevated serum amylase levels
A group of students are reviewing information about head injuries in children. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as the most common type of skull fracture in children? A) Linear B) Depressed C) Diastatic D) Basilar
A) Linear
The nurse determines that it is necessary to implement airborne precautions for children with which of the following infections? A) Measles B) Streptococcus group A C) Rubella D) Scarlet fever
A) Measles
A nurse is preparing a school-aged child for a lumbar puncture. The nurse would expect to position the child in which manner? A) On her side with the head flexed forward and knees flexed to the abdomen B) Sitting upright with the head flexed forward to the chest C) Supine with arms and legs pronated and extended D) Prone with the arms flexed under the chest
A) On her side with the head flexed forward and knees flexed to the abdomen
A child with increased intracranial pressure is being treated with hyperventilation. The nurse understands the need for this treatment is based on which of the following? A) PaCO2 levels decrease, causing vasoconstriction. B) Drainage of cerebrospinal fluid occurs. C) Activity is controlled via a stimulator. D) Hyperexcitability of the nerves is reduced.
A) PaCO2 levels decrease, causing vasoconstriction.
A nurse suspects that an adolescent may have community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CAMRSA). Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? Select all answers that apply. A) Participation in contact sport B) Recent cut on the lower leg C) History of a recent sort throat D) Raised fluctuant lesions E) Erythematous rash over the trunk and face
A) Participation in contact sport B) Recent cut on the lower leg D) Raised fluctuant lesions
A mother brings her 8-year-old son for evaluation because of a rash on his lower leg. Which finding would support the suspicion that the child has Lyme disease? A) Playing in the woods about a week ago B) Rash is papular and vesicular C) High fever occurring about 4 days before the rash D) Complaints of extreme pruritus with visible nits
A) Playing in the woods about a week ago
A nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl scheduled for a barium swallow/upper gastrointestinal (GI) series. Before providing instructions, which of the following would be the priority? A) Screening the girl for pregnancy B) Reminding her to drink plenty of fluids after the procedure C) Ordering a bowel prep D) Reminding the girl about potential light-colored stools
A) Screening the girl for pregnancy
A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local health fair about meningitis and has developed a display that lists the following causes: Streptococcus group B Haemophilus influenzae type B Streptococcus pneumoniae Neisseria meningitidis Which of these would the nurse highlight as the most common cause of meningitis in newborns? A) Streptococcus group B B) Haemophilus influenzae type B C) Streptococcus pneumoniae D) Neisseria meningitides
A) Streptococcus group B
The nurse is performing a physical examination of an 8-year-old girl who was bitten by her kitten. Which of the following assessments would lead the nurse to suspect cat-scratch disease? A) Swollen lymph nodes B) Strawberry tongue C) Infected tonsils D) Swollen neck
A) Swollen lymph nodes
An 8-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for evaluation. The mother tells the nurse that she has noticed some white patches on the infant's tongue that look like curdled milk after breastfeeding. The nurse suspects oral candidiasis (thrush). Which question would the nurse use to help confirm this suspicion? A) ìAre you having breast pain when you nurse the baby?î B) ìHas he had any dairy problems recently?î C) ìIs he experiencing any vomiting lately?î D) ìHow have his stools been this past week?î
A) ìAre you having breast pain when you nurse the baby?î
The nurse is taking a health history of an 11-year-old girl with recurrent abdominal pain. Which of the following responses would lead the nurse to suspect irritable bowel syndrome? A) ìI always feel better after I have a bowel movement.î B) ìI don't take any medicine right now.î C) ìThe pain comes and goes.î D) ìThe pain doesn't wake me up in the middle of the night.î
A) ìI always feel better after I have a bowel movement.î
The parents of a 5-year-old have just found out that their child has head lice. Which statement by the parents would support the nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge? A) ìI can't believe it. We're not unclean, poor people.î B) ìWe'll have to get that special shampoo.î C) ìEverybody in the house will need to be checked.î D) ìThat explains his complaints of itching on his neck.î
A) ìI can't believe it. We're not unclean, poor people.î
The nurse is teaching the mother of a 5-year-old boy with a history of impaction how to administer enemas at home. Which of the following responses from the mother indicates a need for further teaching? A) ìI should position him on his abdomen with knees bent.î B) ìHe will require 250 to 500 mL of enema solution.î C) ìI should wash my hands and then wear gloves.î D) ìHe should retain the solution for 5 to 10 minutes.î
A) ìI should position him on his abdomen with knees bent.î
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl with short bowel syndrome as a result of trauma to the small intestine. The girl's mother is extremely anxious and tells the nurse she is afraid she will never learn how to care for her daughter at home. How should the nurse respond? A) ìI will help you become an expert on your daughter's care.î B) ìYou must learn how to care for your daughter at home.î C) ìYou really need the support of your husband.î D) ìThere is a lot to learn and you need a positive attitude.î
A) ìI will help you become an expert on your daughter's care.î
The school nurse is working with a 10-year-old girl with recurrent abdominal pain. The girl's teacher has been less than understanding about the frequent absences and trips to the nurse's office. How should the nurse respond? A) ìBe patient; she is trying some new medication.î B) ìThe pain she is having is real.î C) ìThe family is working toward improvement.î D) ìPlease do not add to this family's stress.î
B) ìThe pain she is having is real.î
A child is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a concussion. The child is to be discharged home with his parents. Which of the following would the nurse include in the child's discharge instructions? A) ìExpect his headache to get worse initially and then disappear.î B) ìWake him every 2 hours to check his movement and responses.î C) ìCall your medical provider if he vomits more than five times.î D) ìAny watery fluid draining from his ears is normal.î
B) ìWake him every 2 hours to check his movement and responses.î
The nurse is determining maintenance fluid requirements for a child who weighs 25 kg. How much fluid would the child need per day? A) 1,560 mL B) 1,600 mL C) 1,650 mL D) 1,700 mL
B) 1,600 mL
A child is diagnosed with a helminthic infection. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be prescribed? Select all answers that apply. A) Erythromycin B) Albendazole C) Pyrantel pamoate D) Acyclovir E) Metronidazole F) Permethrin
B) Albendazole C) Pyrantel pamoate
The nurse is caring for an infant with a temporary ileostomy. As part of the plan of care, the nurse monitors for skin breakdown around the stoma. If redness occurs, which of the following would be most appropriate to promote healing and prevent further skin breakdown? A) Clean the area well with a scented diaper wipe. B) Apply a barrier/healing cream or paste on the skin. C) Use a barrier wafer (such as Stomahesive) to attach the appliance. D) Sanitize the area with an alcohol wipe after each diaper change.
B) Apply a barrier/healing cream or paste on the skin.
A nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the action of antipyretic agents in children. The instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the students identify which of the following as the primary action? A) Cause vasodilation to promote heat loss B) Decrease the temperature set point C) Block release of histamine D) Promote prostaglandin production
B) Decrease the temperature set point
The parents of a 6-week-old boy come to the clinic for evaluation because the infant has been vomiting. The parents report that the vomiting has been increasing in frequency and forcefulness over the last week. The mother says, ìSometimes, it seems like it just bursts out of his mouth.î A diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is suspected. When performing the physical examination, which of the following would the nurse most likely find? A) Sausage-shaped mass in the upper midabdomen B) Hard, moveable, olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant C) Tenderness over the McBurney point in the right lower quadrant D) Abdominal pain in the epigastric or umbilical region
B) Hard, moveable, olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant
The parents of a boy diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease are anxious and fearful of the upcoming surgery. The mother states, ìI'm worried about having to care for our son's ostomy.î Which intervention would be most helpful for the parents? A) Explaining to them about the diagnosis and surgery B) Having a wound, ostomy, and continence nurse meet with them C) Reinforcing that the ostomy will be temporary D) Teaching them about the medications used to slow stool output
B) Having a wound, ostomy, and continence nurse meet with them
The nurse knows that children have larger heads in relation to the body and a higher center of gravity. When developing a teaching plan for parents, the nurse includes information about an increased risk for which of the following problems? A) Febrile seizures B) Head trauma C) Caput succedaneum D) Posterior plagiocephaly
B) Head trauma
After teaching a mother how to remove a tick from her 6-year-old boy's arm, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the mother states which of the following? A) ìI'll protect my fingers with a paper towel.î B) ìI'll grasp the tick and pull it away quickly.î C) ìI should put the tick in a plastic bag in the freezer.î D) ìI need to grasp the tick close to the child's skin.î
B) I'll grasp the tick and pull it away quickly.
A group of nursing students are reviewing the six links in the chain of infection and the nursing implications for each. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which precaution as helping to break the chain of infection to the susceptible host? A) Keeping linens dry and clean B) Maintaining skin integrity C) Washing hands frequently D) Coughing into a handkerchief
B) Maintaining skin integrity
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about inflammatory bowel disease in preparation for a class discussion on the topic. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as characteristic of Crohn disease? Select all answers that apply. A) Distributed in a continuous fashion. B) Most common between the ages of 10 to 20 years C) Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate D) Low serum iron levels E) Tenesmus F) Loss of haustra within bowel
B) Most common between the ages of 10 to 20 years
The nurse assesses a child's level of consciousness, noting that the child falls asleep unless he is stimulated. The nurse documents this finding as: A) Confusion B) Obtunded C) Stupor D) Coma
B) Obtunded
A nurse is conducting a health history for a 1-month-old with an infectious disorder. Which segment of the health history would be most helpful for the nurse when determining if the infant developed the infection from the mother? A) Family history B) Past medical history C) Home treatments D) Present illness history
B) Past medical history
After teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with celiac disease about nutrition, the nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the parents identify which foods as appropriate for their child? Select all answers that apply. A) Wheat germ B) Peanut butter C) Carbonated drinks D) Shellfish E) Jelly F) Flavored yogurt
B) Peanut butter C) Carbonated drinks D) Shellfish E) Jelly
The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a child with suspected Crohn disease. Which of the following findings would be the most highly suspicious of Crohn disease? A) Normal growth patterns B) Perianal skin tags or fissures C) Poor growth patterns D) Abdominal tenderness
B) Perianal skin tags or fissures
A pregnant woman diagnosed with syphilis comes to the clinic for a visit. The nurse discusses the risk of transmitting the infection to her newborn, explaining that this infection is transmitted to the newborn through which of the following? A) Amniotic fluid B) Placenta C) Birth canal D) Breast milk
B) Placenta
A 3-year-old boy has been on chemotherapy for cancer. He complains about a sore throat, is experiencing malaise, and has a temperature of 99.8∞F orally. His mother calls the child's physician. What is the appropriate information for the nurse to tell his mother at this time? A) Continue to watch the child, giving him aspirin and cool fluids for the fever. B) Plan to bring the child into the physician's office today. C) Monitor the temperature, but not to worry unless it gets above 104∞F. D) Keep the child warm and as comfortable as possible.
B) Plan to bring the child into the physician's office today.
During a well-child visit, the nurse assesses an infant's ability to suck on a pacifier. The nurse is assessing which cranial nerve? A) Olfactory B) Trigeminal C) Facial D) Accessory
B) Trigeminal
The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old with a cleft palate. The child will undergo corrective surgery at age 3 months. The mother would like to continue breastfeeding the baby after surgery and wonders if it is possible. How should the nurse respond? A) ìThere is a good chance that you will be able to breastfeed almost immediately.î B) ìBreastfeeding is likely to be possible, but check with the surgeon.î C) ìAfter the suture line heals, breastfeeding can resume.î D) ìWe will have to wait and see what happens after the surgery.î
B) ìBreastfeeding is likely to be possible, but check with the surgeon.î.
The mother of a 3-week-old infant old brings her daughter in for an evaluation. During the visit, the mother tells the nurse that her baby is spitting up after feedings. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A) ìWe need to tell the doctor about this.î B) ìInfants this age commonly spit up.î C) ìYour daughter might have an allergy.î D) ìDon't worry; you're just feeding her too much.î
B) ìInfants this age commonly spit up.î
A child is scheduled for a lower endoscopy. Which of the following would the nurse include in the child's plan of care in preparation for this test? A) Explaining about the need to ingest barium B) Establishing an intravenous access for radionuclide administration C) Administering the prescribed bowel cleansing regimen D) Withholding prescribed proton pump inhibitors for 5 days before
C) Administering the prescribed bowel cleansing regimen
The nurse is providing care to a child with an intussusception. The child has a bowel movement and the nurse inspects the stool. The nurse would document the stool's appearance most likely as which of the following? A) Greasy B) Clay-colored C) Currant jellyñlike D) Bloody
C) Currant jellyñlike
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the mother of a 4-year-old girl with cold and fever. Which of the following would the nurse include in this teaching plan? A) Keeping the child covered and warm B) Calling the doctor if the child's fever lasts more than 36 hours C) Ensuring fluid intake to prevent dehydration D) Observing for changes in alertness resulting from brain damage
C) Ensuring fluid intake to prevent dehydration
As a result of seizure activity, a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed and showed that an 18-month-old child has intracranial arteriovenous malformation. When developing the child's plan of care, the nurse would expect to implement actions to prevent which of the following? A) Drug interactions B) Developmental disabilities C) Hemorrhagic stroke D) Respiratory paralysis
C) Hemorrhagic stroke
The nurse is caring for a neonate who is suspected of having sepsis. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse interpret as most indicative of sepsis? A) Rash on face B) Edematous neck C) Hypothermia D) Coughing
C) Hypothermia
When providing care to a newborn infant who was born at 29 weeks' gestation, the nurse integrates knowledge of potential complications, being alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following? A) Neonatal conjunctivitis B) Facial deformities C) Intracranial hemorrhage D) Incomplete myelinization
C) Intracranial hemorrhage
Hydrocephalus is suspected in a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? A) Sunken fontanels B) Diminished reflexes C) Lower extremity spasticity D) Skull symmetry
C) Lower extremity spasticity
The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a 5-year-old boy with chickenpox. Which of the following nursing interventions should be questioned? A) Administer antipyretics as ordered. B) Keep the child's fingernails short. C) Monitor fluid intake and output. D) Provide alcohol baths as needed.
C) Monitor fluid intake and output.
When examining the abdomen of a child, which technique would the nurse use last? A) Auscultation B) Percussion C) Palpation D) Inspection
C) Palpation
A child is diagnosed with scarlet fever. The nurse is reviewing the child's medical record, expecting which medication to be prescribed for this child? A) Ibuprofen B) Acyclovir C) Penicillin V D) Doxycycline
C) Penicillin V
The nurse is performing a physical examination on a 9-year-old boy who has experienced a tick bite on his lower leg and is suspected of having Lyme disease. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to find? A) Swelling in the neck B) Confusion and anxiety C) Ring-like rash on lower leg D) Hypersalivation
C) Ring-like rash on lower leg
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about childhood infectious diseases. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as a common childhood exanthema? A) Mumps B) Rabies C) Rubella D) West Nile virus
C) Rubella
A school-aged child with an infectious disease is placed on transmission-based precautions. Which nursing diagnosis would most likely be a priority? A) Impaired skin integrity related to trauma secondary to pruritus and scratching B) Fluid volume deficit related to increased metabolic demands and insensible losses C) Social isolation related to infectivity and inability to go to the playroom D) Deficient knowledge related to how infection is transmitted
C) Social isolation related to infectivity and inability to go to the playroom
Which finding would lead the nurse to suspect that a child is experiencing moderate dehydration? A) Dusky extremities B) Tenting of skin C) Sunken fontanels D) Hypotension
C) Sunken fontanels
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old boy who has chronic epilepsy. Which of the following would be most important to address when teaching the child and parents about living with this condition? A) Multiple corrective surgeries to slowly remove diseased parts of his brain B) Physical, occupational, and speech therapy to maximize his potential C) Support for maintaining self-esteem because of his altered lifestyle D) Hyperventilation therapy to counteract the periods of decreased oxygenation
C) Support for maintaining self-esteem because of his altered lifestyle
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a child who has had a shunt inserted as treatment for hydrocephalus. The parents demonstrate understanding of the teaching when they state which of the following? A) ìHaving the shunt put in decreases his risk for developmental problems.î B) ìIf he doesn't get an infection in the first week, the risk is greatly reduced.î C) ìHe will need more surgeries to replace the shunt as he grows.î D) ìThe shunt will help to prevent any further complications from his disease.î
C) ìHe will need more surgeries to replace the shunt as he grows.î
A nurse is instructing a parent on how to obtain a stool culture for ova and parasites from a child with diarrhea. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A) ìGive the child bismuth and then collect the next specimen.î B) ìObtain the specimen from the toilet after the child has a bowel movement.î C) ìKeep the specimen from coming into contact with any urine.î D) ìBring the specimen to the laboratory on the third day.î
C) ìKeep the specimen from coming into contact with any urine.î
Which of the following would be most important to include in the teaching plan for parents of a child with pinworm? A) ìSeal the child's clothing in a plastic bag for at least 10 days.î B) ìBe sure your child wears shoes at all times.î C) ìMake sure the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î D) ìAfter applying this special cream, leave it on for about 8 to 10 hours.î
C) ìMake sure the child washes his hands after using the bathroom.î
While obtaining a health history from a male adolescent during a well check-up, the nurse assesses his sexual behavior and risk for sexually transmitted infections. Based on the information, the nurse plans to teach the adolescent about using a condom. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A) ìYou can reuse a condom if it's within 3 hours.î B) ìStore your condoms in your wallet so they are ready for use.î C) ìPut the condom on before engaging in any genital contact.î D) ìUse Vaseline with a latex condom for extra lubrication.î
C) ìPut the condom on before engaging in any genital contact.î
The nurse has developed a teaching plan for the family of a 2-year-old boy who holds his breath when he gets frustrated. Which of the following will be most important to include in this plan? A) Provide cuddle time whenever the child begins to act out. B) Explain the child's behavior to the parents. C) Encourage the parents to interact more with the child. D) Stay close to prevent injury when he gets frustrated.
D) Stay close to prevent injury when he gets frustrated.
The nurse is assessing the tympanic temperature of several children. The nurse documents that the child with which temperature reading has a fever? A) 99.5∞F B) 99.2∞F C) 100.0∞F D) 100.8∞F
D) 100.8∞F
After teaching the parents of a 6-year-old how to administer an enema, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when they state that they will give how much solution to their child? A) 100 to 200 mL B) 200 to 300 mL C) 250 to 500 mL D) 500 to 1,000 mL
D) 500 to 1,000 mL
After teaching the parents of a child with varicella zoster, the nurse determines that the parents have understood the teaching when they state that their child can return to school at which time? A) After day 5 of the rash B) When the rash is completely healed C) Once the rash appears D) After the lesions have crusted
D) After the lesions have crusted
A nurse is talking with the parents of a child who has had a febrile seizure. The nurse would integrate an understanding of which of the following into the discussion? A) The child's risk for cognitive problems is greatly increased. B) Structural damage occurs with febrile seizure. C) The child's risk for epilepsy is now increased. D) Febrile seizures are benign in nature.
D) Febrile seizures are benign in nature.
A nurse is preparing a presentation for an expectant parent group about neural tube defects and prevention. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize? A) Smoking cessation B) Aerobic exercise C) Increased calcium intake D) Folic acid supplementation
D) Folic acid supplementation
The parents of a child diagnosed with celiac disease ask the nurse what types of food they can offer their child. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan? A) Frozen yogurt B) Rye bread C) Creamed spinach D) Fruit juice
D) Fruit juice
A woman gives birth to a healthy newborn. As part of the newborn's care, the nurse instills erythromycin ophthalmic ointment as a preventive measure for which sexually transmitted infection (STI)? A) Genital herpes B) Hepatitis B C) Syphilis D) Gonorrhea
D) Gonorrhea
During class, a student states, ìI didn't think children could have strokes. I thought this only occurred in older adults.î When responding to the student, which of the following would be most important for the instructor to integrate into the response? A) Strokes in children often have an identifiable cause. B) The signs and symptoms in children are different from an adult. C) Research has identified specific treatments for children. D) Ischemic strokes are more common than hemorrhagic strokes.
D) Ischemic strokes are more common than hemorrhagic strokes.
The nurse has developed a plan of care for a 12-month-old hospitalized with dehydration as a result of rotavirus. Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care? A) Encouraging consumption of fruit juice B) Offering Kool-Aid or popsicles as tolerated C) Encouraging milk products to boost caloric intake D) Maintaining the intravenous fluid rate as ordered
D) Maintaining the intravenous fluid rate as ordered
A group of nursing students are reviewing information related to seizures that occur in infants and children. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which type as common in neonates? A) Tonic B) Focal clonic C) Multifocal clonic D) Myoclonic
D) Myoclonic
Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that a child is beginning to develop increased intracranial pressure? A) Bradycardia B) Cheyne-Stokes respirations C) Fixed, dilated pupils D) Projectile vomiting
D) Projectile vomiting
A nursing instructor is developing a class presentation about the medications used to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which drug class would the instructor be least likely to include in the presentation? A) Antibiotics B) Proton pump inhibitors C) Histamine antagonists D) Prokinetics
D) Prokinetics
A 4-year-old boy has a febrile seizure during a well-child visit. Which of the following would be a priority? A) Hyperextending the child's head while placing him on his side B) Using a tongue blade to pry open the child's jaw C) Loosening the child's clothing to ensure a patent airway D) Protecting the child from harm during the seizure
D) Protecting the child from harm during the seizure
A 16-year-old boy complains to the school nurse of headaches and a stiff neck. Which of the following signs and symptoms would alert the nurse that the child may have bacterial meningitis? A) Fixed and dilated pupils B) Frequent urination C) Sunset eyes D) Sunlight is ìtoo brightî
D) Sunlight is ìtoo brightî
A group of students are reviewing information about fluid balance and losses in children in comparison to adults. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following? A) Children have a proportionately greater amount of body water than do adults. B) Fever plays a greater role in insensible fluid losses in infants and children. C) A higher metabolic rate plays a major role in increased insensible fluid losses. D) The infant's immature kidneys have a tendency to overconcentrate urine more.
D) The infant's immature kidneys have a tendency to overconcentrate urine more.
While reviewing various studies about the use of antipyretics possibly prolonging illness, the nurse notes that there are benefits to their use for the child with fever. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the best explanation related to the benefit of antipyretics? A) They slow the growth of bacteria. B) They increase neutrophil production. C) They encourage T-cell proliferation. D) They help decrease fluid requirements.
D) They help decrease fluid requirements.
The nurse is preparing to obtain a blood specimen via capillary heel puncture. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? A) Apply a cool compress for several minutes before collection B) Elevate the extremity used after puncturing it C) Squeeze the area to facilitate specimen collection D) Wipe away the first drop of blood with dry gauze
D) Wipe away the first drop of blood with dry gauze
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old boy who has undergone an appendectomy. The child is unwilling to use the incentive spirometer. Which approach would be most appropriate to elicit the child's cooperation? A) ìCan you cough for me please?î B) ìYou must blow in this or you might get pneumonia.î C) ìIf you don't try, I will have to get the doctor.î D) ìCan you blow this cotton ball across the tray?î
D) ìCan you blow this cotton ball across the tray?î
