pediatric test last
A nurse is employed in an impoverished area. Nursing responsibilities include teaching proper oral care for infants. What information would the nurse provide regarding prevention of caries? A. Giving the last bottle before bedtime and wiping off the teeth and gums with a damp washcloth before bed. B. Use water in the bedtime bottle and brush the infant's teeth with a soft bristle toothbrush with fluorinated toothpaste. C. Breast-fed infants do not need oral care as breast milk does not promote dental caries because of low lactose content. D. No oral care is necessary, because the infant may have only a few teeth and these teeth are not permanent.
A. Giving the last bottle before bedtime and wiping off the teeth and gums with a damp washcloth before bed.
A 3-month-old at the clinic is to receive an intramuscular injection. What is the most appropriate site for this injection? A. Dorsogluteal muscle B. Vastus lateralis muscle C. Deltoid muscle D. Rectus femoral muscle
B. Vastus lateralis muscle
A 15 year old client diagnosed with sickle cell crisis reports continued pain in the joints. What is the most appropriate action for the LPN to take? A. Apply cold compresses to the joints B. Perform active ROM C. Immobilize the affected joints D. Administer meperidine
C. Immobilize the affected joints
The LPN care for a child diagnosed with laryngotracheobronchitis. The LPN should place the child in which position? A. Supine B. Prone C. Semi-fowlers D. Fowler's
D. Fowler's
The LPN obtains the 9 year old child's height and weight and notes the child is in the 85th percentile for height and in the 45th percentile for weight. How should the LPN interpret this data? A. Abnormal for height B. Average height and weight C. Overweight for height D. Underweight for height
B. Average height and weight
The LPN cares for a client diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. What will the LPN expect to observe? A. Facial weakness B. Hip and leg muscle weakness C. Waddling gait D. Leg pain during ambulation E. Frequent falls F. Spasticity of shoulder and neck muscles
B. Hip and leg muscle weakness C. Waddling gait E. Frequent falls
An LPN/LVN is assisting at a community health fair at the immunization booth and needs to be prepared to answer parents' questions regarding immunizations. Which statement is accurate? A. If a child falls behind in the immunization schedule, the child must restart the immunizations. B. Following the recommended immunization schedule will protect children against 10 childhood diseases by age 2. C. Immunizations have eradicated 10 childhood diseases and may not even be necessary in the future because of advances in medical research. D. Immunization is effective and no booster dose is needed to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
B. Following the recommended immunization schedule will protect children against 10 childhood diseases by age 2
The LPN care for a 10 year old during a generalized seizure. The LPN should take which action? A. Place a tongue blade in the child's mouth B. Move furniture away from the child C. Place the child in the supine position D. Leave the child to notify the RN about the seizure
B. Move furniture away from the child
A 12-year-old tearfully informs the school nurse that she does not "fit in." What is the most appropriate intervention? A. Immediately make a referral to a mental health professional as the girl is depressed and suicidal. B. Offer suggestions on how to fit in with her peers. C. Be aware that these feelings are common in adolescents and place the girl at risk for substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders. D. Use effective listening techniques to gain further information so the nurse can report to the parents.
C. Be aware that these feelings are common in adolescents and place the girl at risk for substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders.
The LPN observes a 5 month old diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. What will the LPN expect to observe? A. High pitched cry B. Depressed anterior fontanel C. Respiratory rate 30/min D. Skin pallor
A. High pitched cry
An LPN/LVN hears a 1-year-old Vietnamese patient crying shortly after the parents enter the room. The LPN/LVN enters and observes an object in the mother's hand and bright red welts on the toddler's skin. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? A. Immediately notify social services for the possibility of child abuse. B. Immediately notify the RN and report the observations. C. Quickly approach the parents and ask them to leave the room. D. Ask the parent to explain what is occurring.
D. Ask the parent to explain what is occurring.
Some infants and children require gavage feedings. What is the best technique to check placement of the feeding tube before initiating the feeding? A. Aspirate for stomach contents per policy and procedure. B. Inject a small amount of air through a syringe into the feeding tube while simultaneously listening with a stethoscope over the stomach area for the sound of gurgling. C. Contact radiology for an x-ray to confirm proper placement. D. Aspirate for stomach contents and then inject air into the feeding tube while listening for gurgling sounds per policy and procedure.
D. Aspirate for stomach contents and then inject air into the feeding tube while listening for gurgling sounds per policy and procedure.
What is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for the adolescent who is experimenting with tobacco? A. Potential for injury related to accidental poisoning B. Ineffective health maintenance related to smoking tobacco C. Potential for infection related to tobacco use D. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to decreased appetite from cigarette smoking
B. Ineffective health maintenance related to smoking tobacco
The LPN cares for a 9 year old diagnosed with cystic fibrosis.. What will the nurse expect to observe? A. Weight gain B. Watery mucous C. Abdominal distention D. Shortness of breath E. Salty taste to skin F. Foul smelling stools
C. Abdominal distention D. Shortness of breath E. Salty taste to skin F. Foul smelling stools
The LPN assists with the care of a 3 year old diagnosed with Wilm's tumor. Which statement by the parents indicate understanding of Wilm's tumor? A. Our child will receive steroid therapy to suppress tumor growth B. Our child is much younger than the usual age for this condition C. Frequent blood transfusions will be needed during the treatment D. The first part of the treatment is surgical removal of the kidney
D. The first part of the treatment is surgical removal of the kidney
The LPN care for a newborn diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip. What will the LPN expect to observe? A. Asymmetry of gluteal folds B. Negative Babinski sign C. Curvature of spine D. Inversion of feet
A. Asymmetry of gluteal folds
The LPN/LVN care for children in the pediatric clinic. The infant's parents reports to the LPN the infant has projectile vomiting 30 mins after feeding. Which action should the LPN take? A. Report the finding to the RN B. Inform the parent this is expected after feeding C. Offer the infant formula D. Instruct the parent about how to keep an intake and output record
A. Report the finding to the RN
A mother brings her 2-year-old to the medical clinic with burns to his arms. Based on the risk factors, which statements are correct? (Select all that apply.) A. The burns occurred at his home. Correct B. The burns are from scalding. Correct C. Toddlers are more vulnerable to accidental burns. Correct D. The burns are a result of a flame. E. The burns are a result of chemicals. Correct
A. The burns occurred at his home. B. The burns are from scalding. C. Toddlers are more vulnerable to accidental burns. E. The burns are a result of chemicals
The nurse uses many communication strategies when talking with children. Which strategies would be appropriate for the pediatric nurse? (Select all that apply.) A. Using a calm, unhurried voice in a positive way to give directions or information. B. Avoid phrases that may be misinterpreted or provide more information than the child can understand. C. As a general guide, use sentences whose sum of words is equal to the child's age in years plus one. D. Always offer children a choice to allow the child control of his or her situation. E. Address all communication to the parent and ask the parent to give the information to the child.
A. Using a calm, unhurried voice in a positive way to give directions or information. B. Avoid phrases that may be misinterpreted or provide more information than the child can understand. C. As a general guide, use sentences whose sum of words is equal to the child's age in years plus one.
1. A patient and her newborn son are getting ready to go home. The nurse is doing discharge teaching regarding the use of an infant car seat. Which statement by the patient would be correct? A. The car seat should be secured in the front seat between the parents." B. "The car seat should be secured in the back seat, rear facing until the infant reaches 20 lb." C. "Short trips from home do not require the infant to be placed in the car seat as long as the parents hold him." D. "There are no laws governing the use of infant car seats. It is just standard practice."
B. "The car seat should be secured in the back seat, rear facing until the infant reaches 20 lb."
The LPN reviews the health history form of a 16 year old client. The client's parent is in the room and the client appears hesitant to talk with the nurse. What is the best comment for the LPN to make? A. Ask the client if it is uncomfortable to have the parent present B. Ask the client's parent to leave the room during the interview C. Tell the client that concerns can be written down to share D. Tell the parent that information can be added to the health form
B. Ask the client's parent to leave the room during the interview
The LPN observes a child diagnosed with her failure during a play period. What will the LPN expect to observe? A. Child assumes the side-lying positon after running B. Child gets into squatting position after swinging C. Child lies with the head below the chest after playing D. Child lies flat on a bench after jumping rope
B. Child gets into squatting position after swinging
The LPN care for 4 year old female diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. It is most important for the LPN to reinforce which teaching? A. Instruct the parent to force fluids B. Cleanse the perineum from front to back C. Do not allow child to take tub baths D. Wear nylon panties
B. Cleanse the perineum from front to back
2. Which statement is true in regards to nutrition in children? A. Fat restriction is an appropriate intervention for overweight toddlers. B. The most important role a nurse can play related to overweight and obese children is education. C. Cigarette smoking is prevalent among 55% of senior high school students. D. Environmental tobacco smoke does not result in increased risk of heart and lung disease among children.
B. The most important role a nurse can play related to overweight and obese children is education.
The nurse must know how to compute medication doses correctly for children. Which is correct regarding the dosage calculation for children? A. A child dose is half the adult dose. B. The proportional amount of BSA to body weight is calculated. C. Unit doses are used in pediatrics and are based on a child's weight. D. The BSA of an adult divided by the BSA of a child multiplied by the adult dose equals the child's dose.
B. The proportional amount of BSA to body weight is calculated.
The LPN care for an 11 year old girl recently diagnosed with scoliosis. What will the LPN expect to observe? A. Numbness and tingling of the extremities B. Uneven position of hips when bending over C. Rounded shoulders with slouching posture D. Shooting pains down the legs
B. Uneven position of hips when bending over
The LPN reinforces teaching of parents of a 6 year old child diagnosed with varicella zoster (chickenpox). Which statement indicates the need for further teaching? A. Calamine lotion should be used to decrease itching B. We should keep the room temperature warmer than usual C. Acetaminophen is recommended for the discomfort seen with chickenpox D. If my child is scratching, we can put mittens on the hands
B. We should keep the room temperature warmer than usual
The LPN/LVN care for clients in the pediatric unit. The parents of a 5 year old child report to the nurse that their child is angry and refuses to speak to the parents. Which response by the LPN/LVN is most appropriate? A. You should not allow your child to treat you in such a disrespectful manner B. Your child is frightened about being in the hospital C. You should allow your child to participate in decision making D. Did your child behave this way prior to the hospitalization
B. Your child is frightened about being in the hospital
The hospital environment can be frightening and traumatic for children. How can the pediatric nurse help alleviate these stressors? A. Adhere to strict visiting hours as parents visit, because the child feeds off of parental anxieties leading to more crying. B. Keep nurse time with the child at a minimum by performing tasks and procedures as quickly as possible. C. During preadmission, offer the parents and child a tour of the pediatric unit and inviting the parents to room-in with the child during hospitalization D. Keep the television on at all times while the child is in the hospital to distract the child and muffle unfamiliar noises.
C. During preadmission, offer the parents and child a tour of the pediatric unit and inviting the parents to room-in with the child during hospitalization
The rationale for preparing children for hospitalization is based on the theory that: A. Child have a right to know what is going to happen to them B. Leaving their child in the hospital overnight will be easier for the parents. C. Fear of the unknown is more severe than fear of the known. D. If children are well prepared, parents will not have to visit as often.
C. Fear of the unknown is more severe than fear of the known.
The LPN reinforces instructions about diet for a 9 month old child. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding of the instructions? A. I will give my baby raw carrot sticks to chew on B. My child likes grapes for an afternoon snack C. I can begin to give my baby chopped table food now D. My baby likes popcorn for an afternoon snack
C. I can begin to give my baby chopped table food now
The LPN reinforces teaching to parents of a newborn about positioning. What statement by the parents indicates understanding of the instructions? A. A humidifier placed closed to the crib will help our baby's breathing B. We should place a small pillow under the baby's head at night C. It is recommended that we place the baby on the back at night D. We should put the baby in the bed between us at night
C. It is recommended that we place the baby on the back at night
The LPN reinforces teaching to a group of adolescents about infectious mononucleosis. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching? A. A sore throat is one of the first symptoms of infectious mononucleosis B. The symptoms of mononucleosis do not appear immediately after exposure C. Mononucleosis is caused by a bacterial infection transmitted through the air D. There are blood tests available used to diagnose infectious mononucleosis
C. Mononucleosis is caused by a bacterial infection transmitted through the air
An off-duty LPN/LVN is buying groceries and observes a child sitting in the cart ahead. The child raises her shirt and picks at some scabs on her abdomen. The LPN/LVN recognizes that the wounds look like the result of cigarette burns. What is the best response as a health care professional? A. Assess for signs and symptoms of infection, and refer the child's mother to a physician. B. Ignore the observations as the LPN is off duty as a nurse and there is nothing that can be done. C. Notify the appropriate agency that that there is reason to believe a child has been abused. D. Hand the mother a brochure on managing stress.
C. Notify the appropriate agency that that there is reason to believe a child has been abused.
The mother of a school-aged child with hemophilia asks the nurse what sport would be safest for her child to participate in during gym: football, basketball, swimming, or archery. The appropriate response by the nurse would be: A. Football B. Basketball C. Swimming D. Archery
C. Swimming
Because pain is often underestimated in children, how will the nurse best assess a child's pain? A. Observe the child's activity. B. Observe the child's facial expressions. C. Use accepted pain assessment tools, such as the Wong-Baker FACES scale D. Monitor vital signs for elevated pulse or blood pressure.
C. Use accepted pain assessment tools, such as the Wong-Baker FACES scale.
The LPN assists with the care of a 4 year old child immediately after a tonsillectomy. Which observation should be reported immediately to the nurse? A. The child tries to sit up B. The child wants his mother C. Mucous contains streaks of dark blood D. The child swallows frequently
D. The child swallows frequently
The adolescent with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus asks the LPN/LVN, 'Can I continue to play baseball?" Which reply by the LPN/LVN is the best? A. No , because you might get a cut that will not heal B. Yes, you can still play baseball if you have the same amount of exercise every day C. You can still play baseball if your diet, exercise and insulin can be regulated D. You should think about being the team's scorekeeper instead of right fielder
C. You can still play baseball if your diet, exercise and insulin can be regulated
A 4-year-old child has a respiratory infection. The physician has ordered Rocephin IM for treatment. Which statement by the LPN/LVN will best prepare the child for the injection? A. "This shot will hurt but you are a big girl, so don't cry." B. "The doctor says you need a shot of medicine to get better since you keep spitting out the other medicine." C. "I am going to give you a shot. It will feel like a mosquito bite and will burn for a short time afterward." D. "Other kids tell me different things about how this feels. Some say it feels like a cat scratch. Will you tell me how it felt to you after we are done?"
D. "Other kids tell me different things about how this feels. Some say it feels like a cat scratch. Will you tell me how it felt to you after we are done?"
Which information is Most essential for the LPN to include in the discussion with a group of Scouts preparing for a weekend camping trip? A. Bring salt tablets in case the Scouts are very active and perspire a lot B. Poison ivy is a problem only if the scouts have prolonged contact with the plants C. Sunscreen is not necessary because the Scouts will be in the forest D. Wear long pants and long sleeves to prevent tick bites
D. Wear long pants and long sleeves to prevent tick bites
The community health nurse is developing a program on obesity in children and adolescents. What does the nurse list as the most common factor contributing to overweight children? E. Fast-food consumption F. Decreased physical activity G. Poverty H. Working mothers
F. Decreased physical activity
The parents of a 1-year-old child are concerned because he places "everything" in his mouth. The nurse informs the parents that aspiration of foreign bodies can lead to asphyxiation. Which statements are true? (Select all that apply.) A. Children older than age 3 are at greatest risk for aspiration of foreign bodies, because hand to mouth activities are common at this age. B. Common foods that can be dangerous are round, such as grapes, hard candy, nuts, popcorn, and hot dogs. Correct C. Objects that can be aspirated are coins, beads, buttons, balloons, small toys, or toy parts. Correct D. Monitor nipples on bottles and pacifiers. Replace if the nipples become worn or detached. Correct
B. Common foods that can be dangerous are round, such as grapes, hard candy, nuts, popcorn, and hot dogs. C. Objects that can be aspirated are coins, beads, buttons, balloons, small toys, or toy parts. D. Monitor nipples on bottles and pacifiers. Replace if the nipples become worn or detached.
The mother of a 2 month old infant asks which immunizations her infant will be receiving during the 2 month check- up. The LPN identifies the infant will be receiving which of these immunizations? A. MMR #1 B. DTaP C. IPV D. Varicella E. PCV F. Infuenza
B. DTaP C. IPV E. PCV
The LPN reinforces teaching about accident prevention for the parent of a 26 month old. Which statement by the parent indicates need for further instruction? A. I will keep my acetaminophen in the child resistant bottle in a locked cabinet B. I should keep syrup of ipecac available for emergencies C. My pierced earrings should be placed in a secure place D. I should avoid rubber soled shoes for my child
B. I should keep syrup of ipecac available for emergencies
An 18-month-old child is having difficulty maintaining his respiratory status. The child's physician orders oxygen therapy per nasal cannula. Which statements are true regarding oxygen therapy for children? (Select all that apply.) A. A nasal cannula is an effective oxygen delivery device even if the child breathes through the mouth. B. Maintaining cannula placement may be difficult as the child is able to remove it from the nares. C. To assess adequate oxygenation, the nurse checks cannula placement and oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter every 2 hours and PRN. D. Oxygen flow by nasal cannula allows constant oxygen delivery even while eating and talking, because the mouth remains unobstructed. E. Encourage the child to cry because crying ensures the child has adequate oxygen supply.
B. Maintaining cannula placement may be difficult as the child is able to remove it from the nares. C. To assess adequate oxygenation, the nurse checks cannula placement and oxygen saturation using a pulse oximeter every 2 hours and PRN. D. Oxygen flow by nasal cannula allows constant oxygen delivery even while eating and talking, because the mouth remains unobstructed.
The nurse is educating a parent group regarding accidental poisoning. What will the nurse be sure to include as a measure of prevention? A. Place medications in a medicine cabinet. B. Remind grandparents to keep their medications out of reach when children visit. C. Tighten caps on cleaning supplies under the sink. D. Keep syrup of ipecac on hand for all types of suspected poisonings.
B. Remind grandparents to keep their medications out of reach when children visit.
The LPN cares for children in the pediatric clinic. A parent brings the infant into the clinic stating that the infant has experienced 'runny, loose stools' for 24 hours. It is most important for the LPN to observe for which indicator? A. Bulging fontanelle B. Moist mucous membranes C. Rapid, weak pulse D. Decreased respirations
C. Rapid, weak pulse
The nurse addresses the local PTA about accident prevention for adolescents. What is most important for the nurse to highlight during the session? A. Teaching of traffic dangers, keeping sharp objects out of reach, and avoiding use of pillows B. Wearing seat belts, teaching fire safety, and the need to inform parents of whereabouts C. Teaching proper use of protective gear in sports; review acceptable behavior in a moving car; and practicing fire drills D. Education and review of basic first aid; setting consequences for substance abuse, especially drinking; and discussing the dangers of swimming alone
D. Education and review of basic first aid; setting consequences for substance abuse, especially drinking; and discussing the dangers of swimming alone
