Peds - Chapter 04: G&D of the Toddler

By which age should the child know his/her own gender? a) 1 b) 3 c) 4 d) 2

3

Parents are proud of their toddler's fast-developing fine motor skills. Which skill they describe should the nurse point out as a safety risk? a) Turn book pages b) Hold crayon to write c) Ability to turn knobs d) Put shapes into matching openings

Ability to turn knobs

A toddler's "no" can best be eliminated by asking a question instead of making a statement. a) True b) False

False

The nurse has completed an examination of a 32-month-old girl with normal gross and fine motor skills. Which of the following observations would suggest the child is experiencing a problem with language development? a) She asks many questions. b) She uses complete 3-to-4 word sentences. c) Her vocabulary is between 10 and 15 words. d) She talks incessantly.

Her vocabulary is between 10 and 15 words.

The parents of a 2-year-old boy report to the nurse because their child is "such a picky eater." Which recommendation would be most helpful for developing healthy eating habits in this child? a) Encouraging the parents to eat a variety of wholesome foods themselves b) Offering a variety of foods along with the foods the child likes c) Advising the parents to minimize distractions at mealtime d) Assuring the parents that food jags are normal, and they can be honored safely

Offering a variety of foods along with the foods the child likes

The nurse is examining a 2-year-old girl for speech and language development. Which finding would suggest a delay in speech development? a) The child puts together sentences of two words. b) The child does not use the names of familiar objects. c) The child repeats what the parents say out of context and at random moments. d) The child does not speak clearly but shows understanding of what is said.

The child does not use the names of familiar objects.

Parents of a 2-year-old girl are having a conversation with the nurse about tantrums. Which of the following techniques would the nurse most likely to suggest? a) Use short "time-outs" and remain calm. b) Vary the response based on the situation. c) Promise a reward if she behaves. d) Tell her she is bad and will be punished.

Use short "time-outs" and remain calm

Parents and their 35-month-old child have returned to the clinic for a follow-up appointment. Which of the findings may signal a speech delay? a) Asks "why" often b) Uses two-word sentences or phrases c) Half of speech understood by outsider d) Talks about a past event

Uses two-word sentences or phrases

The nurse is discussing sensory development with the mother of a 2-year-old boy. Which parental comment suggests the child may have a sensory problem? a) "I dropped a pan behind him and he cried." b) "He doesn't respond if I wave to him." c) "He was licking the dishwashing soap." d) "He wasn't bothered by the paint smell."

"He doesn't respond if I wave to him."

The toddler grows about how many inches in height per year? a) 5 inches b) 1 inch c) 7 inches d) 3 inches

3 inches

The 18-month-old has most likely attained which of the following gross motor skills? a) The ability to walk independently. b) The ability to walk up stairs alone. c) The ability to pedal a tricycle. d) The ability to balance on one foot.

The ability to walk independently.

The mother of a 2-year-old boy has asked for some ideas for snack foods that would be less likely to cause dental caries. Which of the following items would the nurse most likely suggest? a) A handful of unsalted peanuts b) A handful of organic raisins c) Fruit strips cut into pieces d) Whole grain chips broken into pieces

Whole grain chips broken into pieces

During a well-child visit, the nurse observes the child saying "no" to her mother quite frequently. The mother asks the nurse, "How do I deal with her saying no all the time?" Which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply. a) "Offer her two options from which to choose." b) "Offer her something she would like, such as ice cream, to distract her." c) "Use timeout every other time she tells you no." d) "Make a statement instead of asking a question." e) "Limit the number of questions you ask of her."

• "Offer her two options from which to choose." • "Make a statement instead of asking a question." • "Limit the number of questions you ask of her."

A stay-at-home father wants to purchase commercial toddler meals because his 16-month-old girl recently choked on table food. Which food items will the nurse suggest not be given to this child? Select all that apply. a) Hard foods such as nuts, raw carrots, and popcorn b) Sticky foods like peanut butter alone, gummy candies, and marshmallows c) Round foods such as hot dogs, whole grapes, and cherry tomatoes d) Vegetables such as corn, green beans, and peas e) Fruits such as peaches, pears, and kiwi

• Hard foods such as nuts, raw carrots, and popcorn • Sticky foods like peanut butter alone, gummy candies, and marshmallows • Round foods such as hot dogs, whole grapes, and cherry tomatoes

A nurse is presenting a class on toilet training to a group of parents with toddlers. Which of the following would the nurse include in the class? Select all that apply. a) Using training pants that slide down easily and quickly b) Keeping the child on the potty chair for as long as necessary c) Putting the child on the potty chair at regular intervals during the day d) Allowing at least 6 weeks to prepare the child psychologically for the training e) Praising the child when he or she urinates or defecates

• Using training pants that slide down easily and quickly • Putting the child on the potty chair at regular intervals during the day • Praising the child when he or she urinates or defecates

The parents of an overweight 2-year-old boy admit that their child is a bit "chubby," but argue that he is a picky eater who will eat only junk food. Which response by the nurse is best to facilitate a healthier diet? a) "Calorie requirements for toddlers are less than infants." b) "You may have to serve a new food 10 or more times." c) "Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available." d) "Serve only healthy foods. He'll eat when he's hungry."

"Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available."

The nurse is observing a play group of children of all ages. The toddlers in the group would most likely be doing which of the following activities? a) Playing with the plastic vaccum cleaner pushing it around the room b) Painting pictures in the art corner of the room c) Watching a movie with other children their age d) Pretending to be mommies and daddies in the play house

Playing with the plastic vaccum cleaner pushing it around the room

A nurse is assessing a 2 year old's language development. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? a) Verbalization of 4 to 6 words b) Knowledge of full name c) Ability to name one color d) Use of a two-word noun-verb sentence

Use of a two-word noun-verb sentence

Parents and their 35-month-old child have returned to the clinic for a follow-up appointment. Which of the findings may signal a speech delay? a) Asks "why" often b) Talks about a past event c) Uses two-word sentences or phrases d) Half of speech understood by outsider

Uses two-word sentences or phrases

In working with the toddler, which of the following statements would be most appropriate to say to the toddler to decrease the behavior known as negativism? a) "You love having the same food every day, do you want apples again with lunch?" b) "It is time for lunch, I am going to put your bib on." c) "Do you want help getting into your chair so we can have lunch?" d) "Are you getting hungry and ready for lunch?"

"It is time for lunch, I am going to put your bib on."

The nurse is talking with the parents of a newborn who is being discharged following an uneventful delivery. The parents express their excitement about going home but have concerns about what they need to do to help their 2-year-old adjust to the new baby. Which of the following suggestions would be most appropriate for the nurse to offer these parents? a) "You should plan some time for the primary caregiver to focus on the toddler while the secondary caregiver focuses on the infant." b) "It would be good to have a grandparent or another special adult in the child's life take the toddler on an errand or a special visit." c) "You should plan some time for the secondary caregiver to focus on the toddler while the primary caregiver focuses on the infant." d) "It would be helpful to move the toddler to a new bedroom with a "grown-up" bed."

"You should plan some time for the primary caregiver to focus on the toddler while the secondary caregiver focuses on the infant."

A mother of a toddler asks the nurse, "How will I know that my daughter is ready for toilet training?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? a) "You'll probably notice that your daughter is uncomfortable in wet diapers." b) "Most children are ready for toilet training by the time they are 18 months old." c) "Your daughter can understand holding urine and stool by about 1 year of age." d) "Don't worry, your daughter will probably give you very definite signals."

"You'll probably notice that your daughter is uncomfortable in wet diapers."

The parents of a 2-year-old girl are concerned with her behavior. For which behavior would the nurse share their concern? a) Likes to change toys frequently b) Plays by herself even when other children are present c) Frequently babbles to herself when playing d) Refuses to share toys with her sister

Frequently babbles to herself when playing

When observing a group of toddlers playing in a child care setting it is noted that the toddlers are all playing with buckets and shovels but are not playing with each other. This type of play is referred to as which of the following? a) Onlooker play b) Associative play c) Solitary play d) Parallel play

Parallel play

A mother reports her 2-year-old daughter has gradually eaten more and more poorly since her 1-year-old well-child visit. The nurse assesses the child's growth and development as normal. What concept explains the mother's concern? a) Improper snacking b) Poor role modeling c) Physiologic anorexia d) Iron-deficiency anemia

Physiologic anorexia

The mother of a 15-month-old is concerned about a speech delay. She describes her toddler as being able to understand what she says, sometimes following commands, but using only one or two words with any consistency. What is the nurse's best response to this information? 1. The toddler should have a developmental evaluation as soon as possible. 2. If the mother would read to the child, then speech would develop faster. 3. Receptive language normally develops earlier than expressive language. 4. The mother should ask her child's physician for a speech therapy evaluation.

Receptive language normally develops earlier than expressive language.

Parents who just moved into their "dream home" are concerned because their toddler boy, who had achieved daytime bowel and bladder control, has begun wetting and defecating in his underwear. The nurse explains this is called: a) Egocentrism b) Ritualism c) Autonomy d) Regression

Regression

The nurse is examining a 3-year-old girl during a regular visit. Which finding would disclose a developmental delay in this child? a) The child demonstrates separation anxiety. b) The child follows directions when made one at a time. c) The child copies a circle on a piece of paper. d) The child imitates the nurse in use of a stethoscope.

The child demonstrates separation anxiety.

A father and his 12-month-old son are in for an office visit. The son is now walking regularly, and the father asks the nurse for recommendations on shoes. Which of the following should the nurse suggest? a) Flip-flops b) Ankle-high shoes c) Sneakers d) Shoes with much arch support

Sneakers

A 15-month-old boy has been brought to the clinic because he is pale and listless. Which of the following findings and observations would lead the nurse to suspect iron deficiency anemia as the cause of the clinical manifestations? a) The nurse hears a grade 2 heart murmur. b) The child eats a vegetarian diet. c) The child drinks four cups of milk per day. d) The child drinks very little fruit juice.

The child drinks four cups of milk per day

The best way for parents to aid a toddler in achieving his developmental task would be to a) allow him to make simple decisions. b) help him learn to count. c) urge him to dress himself completely alone. d) give him small household chores to do.

allow him to make simple decisions.

What statement by the mother of a 20-month-old indicates a need for further teaching about nutrition? a) "She drinks three 6-ounce cups of whole milk each day." b) "I give my daughter juice at breakfast and when she is thirsty during the day." c) "When she doesn't eat well at meals we give her nutritious snacks." d) "New foods are offered along with ones she likes."

"I give my daughter juice at breakfast and when she is thirsty during the day."

A mother is concerned because her 14-month-old son, who had a big appetite when breastfeeding a few months ago, seems uninterested in eating solid food. She still breastfeeds him daily, but is thinking of weaning him soon. How should the nurse respond to this mother? a) "It is not normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; have him tested for a gastrointestinal condition." b) "It is normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; try weaning him all at once so that he will be more interested in the solid food." c) "It is not normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; spoon feed him yourself to make sure he gets proper nutrition." d) "It is normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; try starting him with just a tablespoonful of food on his plate."

"It is normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; try starting him with just a tablespoonful of food on his plate."

After teaching the mother of a 13-month boy old about suggestions for bathing and hygiene, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the mother states which of the following? a) "I'll drain the tub while he's still in it so he won't fall." b) "I'll wash his hair everyday with just plain soap." c) "It might be best to give him a bath in the evening." d) "I can use bubble baths to lure him into the tub."

"It might be best to give him a bath in the evening."

A nurse is discussing safety measures with the parents of a toddler. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize to address the most frequent type of accident in toddlers? a) "Keep all cleaning products and drugs out of the reach of your child." b) "Turn the handles of your pots away from the edge of the stove when cooking." c) "Make sure to have your child securely fastened in a car seat." d) "Have your child wear a helmet when beginning to ride a tricycle."

"Keep all cleaning products and drugs out of the reach of your child."

During the toddler years, the child attempts to become autonomous. If the following statements were made by caregivers of 3-year-old children, which observation reflects that the child is developing autonomy? a) "Every night my child follows the same routine at bedtime." b) "When my child falls down, he always wants me to pick him up." c) "My child uses the potty chair and is dry all day long." d) "My child has temper tantrums when we go to the store."

"My child uses the potty chair and is dry all day long."

The nurse is teaching a first-time mother with a 14-month-old boy about child safety. Which is the most effective overall safety information to provide guidance for the mother? a) "Put chemicals in a locked cabinet." b) "Place a gate at the top of each stairway." c) "Never let him out of your sight when outdoors." d) "Don't smoke in the house or car."

"Never let him out of your sight when outdoors."

A mother who is returning to work outside the home has found a daycare center close to her office and is eager to have her 15-month-old son placed there so he can be close by. The center will only take children who are potty-trained. The mother asks the nurse for advice about how to persuade her son to use the potty. Which of the following would be the most appropriate response for the nurse to make to this mother? a) "Each time you change his diaper, tell your son how important and fun it is to use the potty chair." b) "Get your son a potty chair and have him sit on it for a few minutes each day." c) "Encourage your son to watch his older siblings use the toilet." d) "Wait a few more months until your son has more muscle control and shows signs that he's ready to be potty trained."

"Wait a few more months until your son has more muscle control and shows signs that he's ready to be potty trained."

The nurse is teaching parents how to avoid a power struggle with their 2-year-old girl. Which comment indicates that more teaching is needed? a) "Childproofing our home will make it less necessary to say 'No!'" b) "We will make sure she shares her toys with cousins her age." c) "Both of us, as parents, will agree on and consistently enforce the limits we set." d) "We will give her a choice whenever possible."

"We will make sure she shares her toys with cousins her age."

A group of caregivers of toddlers are discussing the form of discipline in which the child is placed in a "time-out" chair. Which of the following statements made by these caregivers is most appropriate related to this form of discipline? a) "Our 'time-out' chair is in the master bedroom so she can't see anyone else in the family." b) "She is two years old now and I put her in 'time out' for five to 10 minutes when she misbehaves." c) "We use the 'time-out' chair when our son gets tired but doesn't want to take a nap." d) "When my son starts getting frustrated and aggressive, I remind him that if he throws a fit he will have to go to 'time out.'"

"When my son starts getting frustrated and aggressive, I remind him that if he throws a fit he will have to go to 'time out.'"

The father of a 2-year-old girl tells the nurse that he and his wife would like to begin toilet training their daughter soon. He asks when the right time is to begin this process. Which of the following should the nurse say in response? a) "It is best to wait a little longer, until she is 3; only then will she be socially developed enough to understand what you are asking her to do." b) "She's well past the age to begin toilet training; most children are ready by age 1, when they have developed the needed nervous control." c) "When she starts tugging on a wet or dirty diaper, she is letting you know she's ready." d) "The best time to start toilet training is as soon as the child begins walking."

"When she starts tugging on a wet or dirty diaper, she is letting you know she's ready."

The nurse is providing parental anticipatory guidance to promote healthy emotional development in a 12-month-old boy. Which statement best accomplishes this? a) A sense of control can be provided through offering limited choices. b) Emotions of a 12-month-old are labile. He can move from calm to a temper tantrum rapidly. c) Aggressive behaviors such as hitting and biting are common in toddlers. d) A regular routine and rituals will provide stability and security.

A regular routine and rituals will provide stability and security.

The parents of a 30-month-old girl have brought her into the emergency department because she had a seizure. During the health history, the nurse suspects the child had a breath-holding spell. Which of the following parental reports suggests breath-holding? a) The child was lethargic afterward. b) The child became unconscious. c) The event took place during a nap. d) A tantrum preceded the event.

A tantrum preceded the event

The parent reports the 13-month-old infant was using auditory expressive language. The vocalizations have been diminished over the last month and the child no longer says words. Select the best rationale for the infant's language behavior. a) This behavior is common in children when autism is developing. b) Biological factors such as otitis media could be causing hearing loss. c) The environment has changed since the grandparents moved in with the family. d) The parent has decreased the usual sensory stimulation for the child.

Biological factors such as otitis media could be causing hearing loss

Which suggestion by the nurse meant to promote good dental health in the 15-month-old is inappropriate? a) Wean the child from the bottle. b) Avoid grazing (continual snacking) throughout the day. c) Arrange for your child's first dental visit as soon as possible. d) Brush your child's teeth with a pea-sized amount of fluoride-containing toothpaste.

Brush your child's teeth with a pea-sized amount of fluoride-containing toothpaste. Using fluoride toothpaste prior to age 2 years promotes development of fluorosis.

The nurse is presenting an inservice training to a group of pediatric nurses on the topic of play. After discussing various types of play, the following examples are given. Which is the best example of parallel play? a) Children are playing in an organized group with each other b) Children are playing apart from others without being part of a group c) Children are playing together in an activity without organization d) Children are playing independently and are side by side

Children are playing independently and are side by side

While awaiting an appointment at the doctor's office for his 20-month-old daughter, a young father is astonished to see his daughter assume a proper stance and swing a toy golf club in the play area of the waiting room. A nurse also observes the behavior, and the father recalls that his daughter saw him practicing his golf swing in their back yard a few days ago. The nurse explains that this is an instance of which of the following? a) Autonomy b) Parallel play c) Deferred imitation d) Assimilation

Deferred imitation

The mother of a 2-year-old tells you she is constantly scolding him for having wet pants. She says her son was trained at 12 months, but since he started to walk, he wets all the time. Which nursing diagnosis would be most applicable? a) Total urinary incontinence related to delayed toilet training b) Excess fluid volume related to inability to control urination c) Deficient parental knowledge related to inappropriate method for toilet training d) Ineffective coping related to lack of self-control of 2-year old

Deficient parental knowledge related to inappropriate method for toilet training

The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parents of an 18-month-old girl. Which recommendation should be the most helpful to the parents? a) Giving the child time out for 1 ½ minute b) Ignoring bad behavior and praising good behavior c) Describing proper behavior when she misbehaves d) Slapping her hand using one or two fingers

Describing proper behavior when she misbehaves

What is the best advice about nutrition for the toddler? 1. Encourage cup drinking and give water between meals and snacks. 2. Encourage unlimited milk intake, because toddlers need the protein for growth. 3. Avoid sugar-sweetened fruit drinks and allow as much natural fruit juice as desired. 4. Allow the toddler unlimited access to the sippy cup to ensure adequate hydration.

Encourage cup drinking and give water between meals and snacks.

The nurse is caring for a 16-month-old child on the pediatric unit. The child's mother is a single mother who has two other young children at home. She must leave her 16-month-old daughter overnight in the hospital. Which of the following actions by the nurse will be most appropriate in helping the child feel secure and in reassuring this mother? a) Distract the child with a special blanket, stuffed animal, or other "lovey" from home while the mother quietly slips out b) Tell both the mother and child that the child will be carefully guarded and won't be in as much danger as she might be if she were home exploring her environment c) Remind the child and mother that by staying in the hospital now the child will get well and be home again soon, and that the other children also need their mother d) Encourage the mother to give her daughter a personal item of the mother's to hold on to until she returns and to tell the child a specific time she will return such as "when breakfast comes in the morning."

Encourage the mother to give her daughter a personal item of the mother's to hold on to until she returns and to tell the child a specific time she will return such as "when breakfast comes in the morning."

The nurse is talking to the mother of a 19-month-old girl about setting limits and supervising activities. In which of the following situations will the nurse recommend letting the child do as she pleases? a) Exploring her body b) Choosing her own foods c) Deciding her bedtime schedule d) Playing on the picnic table

Exploring her body

The nurse finds the diet of a 30-month-old girl to be low in calcium. What suggestion can significantly increase this toddler's calcium intake? a) Offer chocolate milk to increase milk intake. b) Include dark greens and spinach in her meals. c) Use unsweetened applesauce as a dessert. d) Give her slices of cheddar cheese as a snack.

Give her slices of cheddar cheese as a snack

The nurse is teaching the mother of a 2-year-old boy about age-appropriate toys. Which would be of most interest plus stimulating to the growth and development of this child? a) Providing a brightly colored plastic bucket and shovel b) Offering the child a variety of large stuffed toys c) Giving the child bowls, pot, pans, and large spoons d) Giving the child a toy vacuum cleaner

Giving the child bowls, pot, pans, and large spoons

The nurse is observing a 3-year-old boy in a daycare center. Which behavior might suggest an emotional problem? a) Has persistent separation anxiety b) Sucks his thumb periodically c) Goes from calm to tantrum suddenly d) Is unable to share toys with others

Has persistent separation anxiety

When assessing a toddler's language development, what is the standard against which you measure language in a 2-year-old? a) He should be able to count out loud to 20. b) He should say two words plus "ma-ma" and "da-da." c) He should say 20 nouns and 4 pronouns. d) He should speak in two-word sentences ("Me go").

He should speak in two-word sentences ("Me go").

A toddler insists on brushing his own teeth and being left alone in the bathtub. What advice would you give his parents regarding this? a) It is unusual for 2-year-olds to have such strong opinions. b) Helping with his own tooth brushing allows him to experience autonomy. c) His mother should continue to give full care in all aspects. d) Leaving him alone in the bathtub is a good way to encourage autonomy.

Helping with his own tooth brushing allows him to experience autonomy.

Which of the following is appropriate with reference to enhancing a child's self-esteem? a) Utilize belittling techniques as opposed to time-outs. b) Avoid applauding for unsuccessful attempts. c) Include the child in activities that interest the adult. d) Utilize negative criticism as well as positive reinforcement.

Include the child in activities that interest the adult.

To gain cooperation from a toddler, what is the best approach by the nurse? 1. Immediately pick the toddler up from the mother's lap. 2. Kneel in front of the toddler while he or she is on the mother's lap. 3. Do the nursing tasks quickly so the toddler can play. 4. Ask the toddler if it is okay if you begin the needed task.

Kneel in front of the toddler while he or she is on the mother's lap.

According to Eric Erikson, the developmental task of the toddler is developing autonomy. Which of the following describes Erikson's psychosocial development task for the toddler? a) Learning to trust b) Learning to speak c) Learning to understand and respond to discipline d) Learning to act on one's own

Learning to act on one's own

A group of students is reviewing material about ways parents can help to foster a child's self-esteem. The students demonstrate a need for additional studying when they identify which method? a) Limiting the choices and decisions that the child makes b) Using positive reinforcement while limiting criticism c) Showing respect and support to the child d) Acting as a coach rather than a cheerleader

Limiting the choices and decisions that the child makes

Once temper tantrums have started, which of the following interventions are appropriate? a) Engage the child's behavior. b) Speak to the child during the tantrum. c) Move objects out of the way or move the child to prevent injury. d) Have a long talk with the child regarding the tantrum.

Move objects out of the way or move the child to prevent injury.

The caregivers of 2 ½-year-old Frances tell the nurse that they are working hard to teach her to share and communicate with other children. The nurse recognizes and acknowledges their devotion, but explains to them that a child this age is probably not at a developmental level to play and share with other children. Of the following activities, which activity would the nurse recommend as the most appropriate activity for a 2 ½-year-old? a) Throwing a baseball sized ball b) Looking at large print magazines c) Mowing the lawn with a toy lawnmower d) Sharing finger paints and painting with the caregiver

Mowing the lawn with a toy lawnmower

The nurse is discussing proper discipline with the mother of a 15-month-old boy. Which statement is most important? a) Never spank the child for any reason. b) Use praise when the child is doing something right. c) Toddlers are unable to learn rules easily. d) Rules and limits should be simple and few.

Never spank the child for any reason.

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 30-month-old who is resistant to care, is angry, and yells "no" all the time. The nurse identifies this toddler's behavior as 1. Problematic, as it interferes with needed nursing care. 2. Normal for this stage of growth and development. 3. Normal because the child is hospitalized and out of his routine.

Normal for this stage of growth and development.

The nurse is recommending food items for an 18-month-old girl. Which ones will benefit the child's neurologic system most? a) Vegetable soup, whole wheat bread, and blueberries b) Peanut butter on crackers, cheese, and whole milk c) Oatmeal pancakes with bananas d) Ground beef, broccoli, and apple slices

Peanut butter on crackers, cheese, and whole milk

A mother of a 3-year-old asks the nurse about what kinds of toys would be appropriate. The nurse would suggest which of the following? a) 100-piece jigsaw puzzles b) Pounding bench c) Memory games d) Bicycle with training wheels

Pounding bench

Parents of a toddler describe how they handled their child's temper tantrum in a shopping mall. What action of the parents indicates need for additional teaching? a) Tried to refocus the child's attention as tantrum behavioral cues appeared b) Reasoned with the child to stop the behavior c) Made sure the child was rested and not hungry before going to the mall d) Remained relatively calm even though embarrassed

Reasoned with the child to stop the behavior

Which gross motor developmental milestone is least likely for a 2 year old? a) Rides a tricycle b) Jumps in place c) Climbs d) Stands on one foot with help

Rides a tricycle Explanation: A gross motor developmental milestone for a 2- to 3-year-old includes jumping in place. Riding a tricycle occurs at 3 to 4 years of age. Climbing occurs at occurs at 18 months to 2 years. At 12 to 18 months, the child can stand on one foot with help.

The nurse is assessing the development of a 15-month-old girl during a regular visit. Which of the following skills would the nurse expect to see? a) Stands alone b) Feeds herself with a spoon c) Runs to her mother d) Points to her nose and mouth

Stands alone

Parents of 3-year-old son ask the nurse for suggestions on how to deal with their son's nightmares. Which suggestion would be least effective? a) Talk to him that night about the details of the dreams. b) Search the room to show him that there aren't any monsters. c) Try reassuring him that it was a dream and not real. d) Try having him sleep with a nightlight on in his room.

Talk to him that night about the details of the dreams.

In discussing with the nurse their 2-year-old's behavior, which of the parents' descriptors suggests the child may be ready for toilet teaching? a) The child often removes her shoes and socks. b) The child frequently repeats words parents just said. c) The toddler walks with a wide, swaying gait. d) The child hides behind her bedroom door when defecating.

The child hides behind her bedroom door when defecating.

A 2-year-old is having a temper tantrum. What advice should the nurse give the mother? 1. For safety reasons, the toddler should be restrained during the tantrum. 2. Punishment should be initiated, as tantrums should be controlled. 3. The mother should promise the toddler a reward if the tantrum stops. 4. The tantrum should be ignored as long as the toddler is safe.

The tantrum should be ignored as long as the toddler is safe.

A mother expresses surprise to the nurse that her toddler daughter has begun masturbating. The most important initial nursing response is: a) This is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly. b) Check for undue stress in your toddler's life. c) Toilet teaching places much focus on the genitals. d) Toddler girls as well as boys will masturbate.

This is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly.

A toddler's father is concerned because his son refuses to share. What is your best response concerning this? a) His son is probably reacting to some family crisis. b) This is normal toddler behavior; sharing is learned later. c) Behavior modification techniques can change the child's behavior. d) Play time with other children should be cut back until he learns to share.

This is normal toddler behavior; sharing is learned later.

A father brings his 2-year-old son in for a well visit. The nurse assesses his growth since the last appointment. Which of the following findings should concern the nurse? a) Prominent abdomen b) Forward curve of the spine at the sacral area c) Total weight gain of 15 lb in the past year d) Increase in height of 5 inches in the past year

Total weight gain of 15 lb in the past year

The best way for a parent to handle a temper tantrum by a toddler is to calmly express disapproval and then ignore it. a) False b) True

True

The nurse is observing a 36-month-old boy during a well visit. Which motor skill has he most recently acquired? a) Kick a ball b) Undress himself c) Push a toy lawnmower d) Pull a toy while walking

Undress himself

The way you would advise a toddler's mother to handle temper tantrums would be to a) promise him a special activity if he will stop. b) distract him with a toy when he begins breath holding. c) appear to ignore them. d) mimic his behavior by also holding her breath.

appear to ignore them.

A toddler's parents want to begin toilet training him. As a rule, the best instruction you could give them is: a) toilet training is a 12-month process. b) children can remain dry during the night before they can do so during the day. c) all children should be toilet trained by age 2 years. d) bowel training is easier than urine training.

bowel training is easier than urine training.

A toddler's mother tells you that no matter what she asks of her child, he says, "No." A suggestion you might make to help her handle this problem is for her to a) give him secondary, not primary, choices. b) ask no further questions of him. c) pretend she does not hear him. d) tell him never to say, "No" again.

give him secondary, not primary, choices

Parents who just moved into their "dream home" are concerned because their toddler boy, who had achieved daytime bowel and bladder control, has begun wetting and defecating in his underwear. The nurse explains this is called: a) regression. b) egocentrism. c) autonomy. d) ritualism.

regression

It is naptime and the caregiver of a 2-year-old says to her child, "I will help you put all of your stuffed animals in a row next to your bed just like we do every day." This statement is an example of: a) discipline. b) ritualism. c) dawdling. d) negativism.

ritualism

A 2-year-old holds his breath until he passes out when he wants something his mother does not want him to have. You would base your evaluation of whether these temper tantrums are a form of seizure on the basis that a) seizures are not provoked; temper tantrums are. b) seizures typically occur with fever; temper tantrums do not. c) seizures rarely occur in toddlers. d) with seizures, cyanosis rarely develops.

seizures are not provoked; temper tantrums are.

A mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse, "What would be a good between-meal snack?" Which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply. a) Cookies b) Orange slices c) Yogurt d) Cheese e) Pieces of apples

• Orange slices • Yogurt • Cheese • Pieces of apples

A mother is concerned because her 2-year-old daughter is not speaking much. What should the nurse suggest to the mother? Select all that apply. a) Read books aloud to her. b) Name aloud the objects that she is playing with. c) Use baby talk when speaking to her. d) Have her watch educational television. e) Use pronouns when speaking to her. f) Always answer her questions.

• Read books aloud to her. • Name aloud the objects that she is playing with. • Always answer her questions.