PEDS: Chapter 27 - Preschooler
The nurse is helping parents develop the developmental task of initiative in their preschool-aged child. Which activity would the nurse suggest the parents implement?
Allow the child to experiment with molding clay.
The caregiver of a 6-year-old tells the clinic nurse that he is concerned that his child cannot yet print his first and last name; the caregiver is wondering if this is normal. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
"By the age of 6 most children can print some letters and maybe their first name."
The nurse is conducting a well-child exam of a 4-year-old boy. Which statement would alert the nurse that the child is at risk for iron deficiency?
"He loves milk and drinks it every time he is thirsty."
The parents of a 4-year-old child tells the nurse that they are worried about the child. They state says that the child used to play well with others, but lately when they invite two other children for a play date, all the children do is argue. Which instruction is best for these parents?
"Only invite one or three other children to the play date, to make it an even number."
The nurse is providing teaching to the mother of a 4-year-old girl about bike safety. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
"She can ride on the street if I am riding with her."
The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a young preschooler and detects the odor of tobacco smoke on the parents' hair and clothing. How should the nurse respond?
"Tell me about your child's exposure to tobacco smoke."
A 3-year-old tells the nurse that he has 19 brothers. The nurse knows that the child has two brothers. What would be the nurse's best response concerning his brothers?
"That's a good pretend answer, but tell me the names of the brothers you really have."
The nurse is conducting a health screening for a 3-year-old boy as required by his new preschool. Which statement by the parents warrants further discussion and intervention?
"The school is quite structured and advocates corporal punishment."
The mother and father of a 5-year-old boy are discussing bicycle safety with the nurse. What comment indicates further teaching is needed?
"We just got him a new bike he can grow into."
Parents of a preschooler tell the nurse that their child often refuses to go to sleep at night. Which suggestion by the nurse would be helpful? Select all that apply.
- "Try using a night light in the child's room." - "Set up some familiar bedtime rituals for your child." - "Avoid having your child watch frightening shows on TV before bedtime." - "Try reading a favorite story before bedtime."
The nurse is providing teaching about car seat safety for a parents' meeting at the preschool their children attend. Choose the points the nurse should make. Select all that apply.
- Many car seats are installed improperly, making them unsafe. - The back seat remains the safest place for children to ride. - Children who weigh less than 40 pounds should use a car seat with harness and top tether. - Booster seats should be used with both a shoulder and lap belt.
Parents say they have been using measures to lessen the struggle of getting their preschooler to bed at night and to sleep. Which practice will the nurse suggest they discontinue?
Allowing the preschooler to fall asleep wherever and whenever the child is tired enough
While the nurse is taking a blood pressure on a 4-year-old, the child states that the blood-pressure cuff is too tight and angrily says, "That hurt, you big poo-poo head." What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Calmly explain that you don't mean to hurt her, loosen the cuff, and tell her that is isn't nice to call you names.
Which behavior by a 3 year-old child does not validate Erikson's developmental task for preschoolers?
Compares his soccer abilities with his peers.
A 4-year-old tells the nurse he has an imaginary friend. His parents are concerned because he refuses to do anything without his friend's help. Which nursing diagnosis is most applicable for his family?
Deficient knowledge of normal preschool development
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a 4-year-old client with cystic fibrosis who has frequent hospitalizations related to his illness. Which would be the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client?
Delayed growth and development related to frequent illness
A 4-year-old is hospitalized with a urinary tract infection. Based on what you know of her cognitive development, which approach would be best to prepare her for a radiograph?
Help her pretend the x-ray machine is a camera.
The nurse is caring for a preschool-aged child who needs a CT scan. Which action would the nurse use to best prepare the child for this diagnostic test?
Help the child to pretend that the CT scan machine is a camera
The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old on a routine well-child visit. When assessing the gross motor skills of this preschooler, which activity will the nurse predict the child to be able to successfully accomplish?
Hop on one foot
The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child. The child tells the nurse about her friend, Nancy, who lives in her room at home. The mother tells the nurse that Nancy is not a real person. The nurse would use which term when documenting this assessment finding?
Imaginary friend
The nursing instructor is illustrating the various types of play. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which example as best representing onlooker play?
Observing without participating
The nurse has brought a group of preschoolers to the playroom to play. Which activity would the nurse predict the children to become involved in?
Pretending to be mommies and daddies in the playhouse
When collecting data on a preschool-aged child during a well-child visit, the nurse discovers the child has gained 12 lb (5.4 kg) and grown 2.5 inches (6.3 cm) in the last year. The nurse interprets these findings to indicate which situation?
Weight is above an expected range and height is within an expected range.
The most important safety precaution for parents to teach preschoolers is:
not to ride in a car with strangers
The mother of a 4-year-old girl reports her daughter has episodes of wetting her pants. The nurse questions the mother about the frequency. The nurse determines these episodes occur about once every 1 to 2 weeks. Which response by the nurse is indicated?
"At this age it is helpful to remind children to go to the bathroom."
During an assessment, a preschool-aged child tells the nurse about having 12 siblings. The nurse is aware that the child has two older brothers. What would be the nurse's best response?
"That is a good pretend answer but tell me the names of the brothers you really have."
A 3-year-old is hospitalized unexpectedly and is frightened about the experience. What action could the nurse take to minimize the anxiety the child is experiencing?
Allow the child to handle the equipment before it is used on the child.
The nurse is caring for a preschool child in the hospital with severe developmental delays. The parents have 3 other younger children at home and both parents work full-time outside the home. The family has just moved to this area. Which nursing diagnosis would be the highest priority in regard to the parents at this time?
Risk for caregiver role strain
The nurse is presenting nutritional information at a community health fair. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize when illustrating proper nutrition for preschoolers?
Snacks throughout the day help the child meet nutritional requirements
What suggestions regarding the evaluation of a child-care center would the nurse share with a preschooler's mother?
Specific program goals to be accomplished should be available.
