Peds Exam 2
What growth and development milestones are expected between the ages of 8 and 9 years? (Select all that apply.) A Can help with routine household tasks B Likes the reward system for accomplished tasks C Uses the telephone for practical purposes D Chooses friends more selectively E Goes about home and community freely, alone or with friends F Enjoys family time and is respectful of parents
A B E
A school-age child has been a victim of bullying. What characteristics does the nurse assess for in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Anxiety B Outgoing C Low self-esteem D Psychosomatic complaints E Good academic performance
A C D
The nurse is teaching parents of preschool children consequences of inadequate sleep. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Behavior changes B Increased appetite C Difficulty concentrating D Poor control of emotions E Impaired learning ability
A C D E
What are classified as corrosive poisons? (Select all that apply.) A Batteries B Paint thinner C Drain cleaners D Mineral seed oil E Mildew remover
A C E
A parent tells the nurse, "My toddler tries to undo the car seat harness and climb out of the seat." What strategies should the nurse recommend to the parent to encourage the child to stay in the seat? (Select all that apply.) A Allow your child to hold a favorite toy. B Allow your child out of the seat occasionally. C Avoid using rewards to encourage cooperative behavior. D When child tries to unbuckle the seat harness, firmly say, "No." E It may be necessary to stop the car to reinforce the expected behavior.
A D E
The nurse is teaching parents of a school-age child how to cleanse small wounds. What should the nurse advise the parents to avoid using to cleanse a wound? (Select all that apply.) A Alcohol B Normal saline C Tepid water D Povidone-iodine E Hydrogen peroxide
A D E
In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which? A Think abstractly. B Use magical thinking. C Understand conservation of matter. D Understand another person's perspective
B
When giving instructions to a parent whose child has scabies, what should the nurse include? A Treat all family members if symptoms develop. B Be prepared for symptoms to last 2 to 3 weeks. C Carefully treat only areas where there is a rash. D Notify practitioner so an antibiotic can be prescribed
B
Which muscle is contraindicated for the administration of immunizations in infants and young children? A Deltoid B Dorsogluteal C Ventrogluteal D Anterolateral thigh
B
What are classified as hydrocarbon poisons? (Select all that apply.) A Bleach B Gasoline C Turpentine D Lighter fluid E Oven cleaners
B C D
Characteristics of bullies include what? (Select all that apply.) A Female B Depressed C Good peer relationships D Poor academic performance E Exposed to domestic violence
B D E
The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old child who developed lesions of varicella (chickenpox) 3 days ago. Which clinical manifestations of varicella should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) A Nonpruritic rash B Elevated temperature C Discrete rose pink rash D Vesicles surrounded by an erythematous base E Centripetal rash in all three stages (papule, vesicle, and crust
B D E
What identified characteristics occur more frequently in parents who abuse their children? (Select all that apply.) A Older parents B Socially isolated C Middle class parents D Single-parent families E Few supportive relationships
B D E
What dysfunctional speech pattern is a normal characteristic of the language development of a preschool child? A Lisp B Echolalia C Stammering D Repetition without meaning
C
A young boy is found squirting lighter fluid into his mouth. His father calls the emergency department. The nurse taking the call should know that the primary danger is what? A Hepatic dysfunction B Dehydration secondary to vomiting C Esophageal stricture and shock D Bronchitis and chemical pneumonia
D
Adolescents often do not use reasoned decision making when issues such as substance abuse and sexual behavior are involved. What is this because of? A They tend to be immature. B They do not need to use reasoned decision making. C They lack cognitive skills to use reasoned decision making. D They are dealing with issues that are stressful and emotionally laden
D
The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess? A Restlessness B Distractibility C Rectal discharge D Intense perianal itching
D
The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encopresis. What should be included in the nurse's discussion with the family? A Instruct the parents to sit the child on the toilet at twice-daily routine intervals. B Instruct the parents that the child will probably need to have daily enemas. C Suggest the use of stimulant cathartics weekly. D Reassure the family that most problems are resolved successfully, with some relapses during periods of stress
D
A child with diazepam (Valium) poisoning has been admitted to the emergency department. What antidote does the nurse anticipate being prescribed? A Succimer (Chemet) B EDTA (Versenate) C Flumazenil (Romazicon) D Octreotide acetate (Sandostatin)
C
Treatment for herpes simplex virus (type 1 or 2) includes which? A Corticosteroids B Oral griseofulvin C Oral antiviral agent D Topical or systemic antibiotic
C
What is a characteristic of a toddler's language development at age 18 months? A Vocabulary of 25 words B Use of holophrases C Increasing level of understanding D Approximately one third of speech understandable
C
What causes warts? A A virus B A fungus C A parasite D Bacteria
A
What does impetigo ordinarily results in? A No scarring B Pigmented spots C Atrophic white scars D Slightly depressed scars
A
The school nurse is assessing a child's severely scraped knee for infection. What are signs of a wound infection? (Select all that apply.) A Odor B Edema C Dry scab D Purulent exudate E Decreased temperature
A B D
The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of which? A Trust B Initiative C Intimacy D Autonomy
D
The nurse is planning to bring a preschool child a toy from the playroom. What toy is appropriate for this age group? A Building blocks B A 500-piece puzzle C Paint by number picture D Farm animals and equipment
D
The parents of a 5-year-old child ask the nurse, "How many hours of sleep a night does our child need?" The nurse should give which response? A "A 5-year-old child requires 8 hours of sleep." B "A 5-year-old child requires 9.5 hours of sleep." C "A 5-year-old child requires 10 hours of sleep." D "A 5-year-old child requires 11.5 hours of sleep."
D
What often causes cellulitis? A Herpes zoster B Candida albicans C Human papillomavirus D Streptococci or staphylococci
D
Which vitamin supplementation has been found to reduce both morbidity and mortality in measles?
ZINC
In girls, what is the initial indication of puberty? A Menarche B Growth spurt C Breast development D Growth of pubic hair
C
The school nurse recognizes that pubertal delay in boys is considered if no enlargement of the testes or scrotal changes have occurred by what age? A 11 1/2 to 12 years B 12 1/2 to 13 years C 13 1/2 to 14 years D 14 1/2 to 15 years
C
What are characteristics of late adolescence (18-20 years) with regard to sexuality? (Select all that apply.) A Exploration of "self-appeal" B Limited dating, usually group C Intimacy involves commitment D Growing capacity for mutuality and reciprocity E May publicly identify as gay, lesbian, or bisexual
C D E
The nurse is caring for a child with neurofibromatosis. What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Pigmented nevi B Axillary freckling C Café-au-lait spots D Slowly growing cutaneous neurofibromas E Wheals that spread irregularly and fade within a few hours
A B C D
The school nurse recognizes that students who are targeted for repeated harassment and bullying may exhibit what? (Select all that apply.) A Skip school B Attempt suicide C Bring weapons to school D Attend extracurricular activities E Report symptoms of depression
A B C E
The nurse is teaching parents of a 3-year-old child about language developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Asks many questions B Names one or more colors C Repeats sentence of six syllables D Uses primarily "telegraphic" speech E Has a vocabulary of 1500 words or more
A C D
What aspects of cognition develop during adolescence? A Ability to see things from the point of view of another B Capability of using a future time perspective C Capability of placing things in a sensible and logical order D Progress from making judgments based on what they see to making judgments based on what they reason
B
What is a significant secondary prevention nursing activity for lead poisoning? A Chelation therapy B Screening children for blood lead levels C Removing lead-based paint from older homes D Questioning parents about ethnic remedies containing lead
B
What are sources of stress in preschoolers? (Select all that apply.) A Shares possessions B Damages or destroys objects C May fear dogs or other animals D Seems to be in perpetual motion E May stutter or stumble over words
B C D E
What developmental achievements are demonstrated by a 4-year-old child? (Select all that apply.) A Cares for self totally B Throws a ball overhead C Has a vocabulary of 1500 words D Can skip and hop on alternate feet E Tends to be selfish and impatient F Commonly has an imaginary playmate
B C E F
The nurse is administering activated charcoal to a preschool child with acetaminophen (Tylenol) poisoning. What potential complications from the use of activated charcoal should the nurse plan to assess for? (Select all that apply.) A Diarrhea B Vomiting C Fluid retention D Intestinal obstruction
B D
The nurse is caring for children on an adolescent-only unit. What growth and development milestones should the nurse expect from 11- and 14-year-old adolescents? (Select all that apply.) A Self-centered with increased narcissism B No major conflicts with parents C Established abstract thought process D Have a rich, idealistic fantasy life E Highly value conformity to group norms F Secondary sexual characteristics appear
B E F
A toddler's parent asks the nurse for suggestions on dealing with temper tantrums. What is the most appropriate recommendation? A Punish the child. B Explain to child that this is wrong. C Leave the child alone until the tantrum is over. D Remain close by the child but without eye contact.
D
What is the most common type of burn in the toddler age group? A Electric burn from electrical outlets B Flame burn from playing with matches C Hot object burn from cigarettes or irons D Scald burn from high-temperature tap water
D
Which is described as an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid? A Cyst B Papule C Pustule D Vesicle
D
An adolescent asks the nurse about the "safety of getting a tattoo." The nurse explains to the adolescent that it is important to find a qualified operator using proper sterile technique because an unsterilized needle or contaminated tattoo ink can cause what? (Select all that apply.) A Hepatitis C virus B Hepatitis B virus C Hepatitis E virus D Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) E Mycobacterium chelonae skin infections
A B D E
The nurse is preparing to administer some iron drops to a toddler. Which factor can increase iron absorption? (Select all that apply.) A Vitamin A B Acidity (low pH) C Phosphates (milk) D Malabsorptive disorders E Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)
A B E
The nurse is teaching parents of a 4-year-old child about socialization developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Very independent B Has mood swings C Has better manners D Eager to do things right E Tends to be selfish and impatient
A B E
The nurse is planning care for an infant with candidiasis (moniliasis) diaper dermatitis. Which topical ointments may be prescribed for the patient? (Select all that apply.) A Nystatin B Bactroban C Neosporin D Miconazole E Clotrimazole
A D E
The development of sexual orientation during adolescence is what? A Inflexible B A developmental process C Differs for boys and girls D Proceeds in a defined sequence
B
The emergency department nurse is admitting a child with a temperature of 35° C (95° F). What physical effects of hypothermia should the nurse expect to observe in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Bradycardia B Vigorous shivering C Decreased respiratory rate D Decreased intestinal motility E Task performance is impaired
B D E
In boys, what is the initial indication of puberty? A Voice changes B Growth of pubic hair C Testicular enlargement D Increased size of penis
C
What do the psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include? A Development of a conscience B Recognition of sex differences C Ability to get along with age mates D Ability to delay gratification
D
A 4-month-old infant comes to the clinic for a well-infant checkup. Immunizations she should receive are DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis) and IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine). She is recovering from a cold but is otherwise healthy and afebrile. Her older sister has cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. Nursing considerations should include which? A DTaP and IPV can be safely given. B DTaP and IPV are contraindicated because she has a cold. C IPV is contraindicated because her sister is immunocompromised. D DTaP and IPV are contraindicated because her sister is immunocompromised
A
According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which? A Thoughts are all powerful. B God is an imaginary friend. C Events have cause and effect. D If the skin is broken, the insides will come out.
A
An 18-month-old child has been diagnosed with pediculosis capitis (head lice). Which prescription should the nurse question if ordered for the child? A Malathion (Ovide) B Permethrin 1% (Nix) C Benzyl alcohol 5% lotion D Pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide (RID)
A
An 8-year-old girl tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for "being bad." What should the nurse interpret this as? A A common belief at this age B Indicative of excessive family pressure C Faith that forms the basis for most religions D Suggestive of a failure to develop a conscience
A
Lymphangitis (streaking) is frequently seen in what? A Cellulitis B Folliculitis C Impetigo contagiosa D Staphylococcal scalded skin
A
Parents tell the nurse that their toddler eats little at mealtime, only sits at the table with the family briefly, and wants snacks "all the time." What should the nurse recommend? A Give her nutritious snacks. B Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes. C Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtimes. D Explain to her in a firm manner what is expected of her.
A
The nurse is admitting a child with frostbite. What health care prescription should the nurse question and verify? A Massage the injured tissue. B Apply a loose dressing after rewarming. C Avoid any application of dry heat to the area. D Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) for discomfort.
A
The nurse is caring for a child with suspected ingestion of some type of poison. What action should the nurse take next after initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)? A Empty the mouth of pills, plants, or other material. B Question the victim and witness. C Place the child in a side-lying position. D Call poison control.
A
The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized toddler. What is the rationale for planning to continue the toddler's rituals while hospitalized? A To provide security B To prevent regression C To prevent dependency D To decrease negativism
A
The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have? A Varicella B Pertussis C Influenza D Scarlet fever
A
The parents of a 2-year-old child tell the nurse they are concerned because the toddler has started to use "baby talk" since the arrival of their new baby. What should the nurse recommend? A Ignore the baby talk. B Tell the toddler frequently, "You are a big kid now." C Explain to the toddler that baby talk is for babies. D Encourage the toddler to practice more advanced patterns of speech.
A
What is an important consideration in preventing injuries during middle childhood? A Achieving social acceptance is a primary objective. B The incidence of injuries in girls is significantly higher than it is in boys. C Injuries from burns are the highest at this age because of fascination with fire. D Lack of muscular coordination and control results in an increased incidence of injuries.
A
What is most descriptive of the spiritual development of older adolescents? A Beliefs become more abstract. B Rituals and practices become increasingly important. C Strict observance of religious customs is common. D Emphasis is placed on external manifestations, such as whether a person goes to church.
A
What statement is correct about young children who report sexual abuse? A They may exhibit various behavioral manifestations. B In more than half the cases, the child has fabricated the story. C Their stories should not be believed unless other evidence is apparent. D They should be able to retell the story the same way to another person.
A
A parent asks the nurse about the "characteristics of a nightmare." What response should the nurse give to the parent? (Select all that apply.) A Nightmares are scary dreams. B The child can describe the nightmare. C The child is reassured by your presence. D Nightmares occur usually 1 to 4 hours after falling asleep. E Nightmares take place during non-rapid eye movement slee
A B C
Parents ask the nurse, "Should we be concerned our preschooler has an imaginary friend, and how should we react?" Which responses should the nurse give to the parents? (Select all that apply.) A "The imaginary playmate is a sign of health." B "You can acknowledge the presence of the imaginary companion." C "It is normal for a preschool-aged child to have an imaginary friend." D "If your child wants a place setting at the table for the child, it is best to refuse." E "It is OK to allow the child to blame the imaginary playmate to avoid punishment."
A B C
What are the goals of organized athletics for preadolescent children? (Select all that apply.) A Physical fitness B Basic motor skills C A positive self-image D Commitment to winning
A B C
What is the reason pedestrian motor vehicle injuries increase in the preschool age? (Select all that apply.) A Riding tricycles B Running after balls C Playing in the street D Crossing streets at the crosswalk E Crossing streets with an adult
A B C
The nurse is planning strategies to assist difficult or easily distracted children when they participate in activities. What strategies should the nurse plan? (Select all that apply.) A Role-play before the activity. B Handle behavior with firmness. C Acquaint them with what to expect. D Be patient with inappropriate behavior. E Don't give them much information about the activity
A B C D
The nurse is preparing a staff education program about growth and development of an 18-month-old toddler. Which characteristics should the nurse include in the staff education program? (Select all that apply.) A Eats well with a spoon and cup B Runs clumsily and can walk up stairs C Points to common objects D Builds a tower of three or four blocks E Has a vocabulary of 300 words F Dresses self in simple clothes
A B C D
The nurse is teaching a school-age child about factors that can delay wound healing. What factors should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Deficient vitamin C B Deficient vitamin D C Increased circulation D Dry wound environment E Increase in white blood cells
A B D
What are characteristics of middle adolescence (15-17 years) with regard to relationships with peers? (Select all that apply.) A Behavioral standards set by peer group B Acceptance of peers extremely important C Seeks peer affiliations to counter instability D Exploration of ability to attract opposite sex E Peer group recedes in importance in favor of individual friendship
A B D
The nurse is preparing to admit a 2-year-old child with rubella (German measles). Which clinical manifestations of rubella should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) A Sore throat B Conjunctivitis C Koplik spots D Lymphadenopathy E Discrete, pinkish red maculopapular exanthema
A B D E
Parents are worried that their preschool-aged child is showing hyperaggressive behavior. What are signs of hyperaggresive behavior? (Select all that apply.) A Disrespect B Noncompliance C Infrequent impulsivity D Occasional temper tantrums E Unprovoked physical attacks on other children
A B E
Parents of an adolescent ask the school nurse, "It is OK for our adolescent to get a job?" The nurse should answer telling the parents the effects of adolescents who work more than 20 hours a week are what? (Select all that apply.) A Can lead to fatigue B Can lead to poorer grades C Improves an interest in school D Enhances development and identity E Can reduce extracurricular involvement
A B E
What are symptoms of abusive head trauma (AHT) in the more severe form that may be present? (Select all that apply.) A Seizures B Posturing C Tachypnea D Tachycardia E Altered level of consciousness
A B E
What can the nurse suggest to families to reduce blood lead levels? (Select all that apply.) A Do not store food in open cans. B Ensure the child eats regular meals. C Mix formula with hot water from the tap. D Vacuum hard-surfaced floors and window wells. E Wash and dry the child's hands and face frequently
A B E
What guidelines should the nurse use when interviewing adolescents? (Select all that apply.) A Ensure privacy. B Use open-ended questions. C Share your thoughts and assumptions. D Explain that all interactions will be confidential. E Begin with less sensitive issues and proceed to more sensitive ones
A B E
What preventive measures should the nurse teach parents of toddlers to prevent early childhood caries? (Select all that apply.) A Avoid using a bottle as a pacifier. B Eliminate bedtime bottles completely. C Place juice in a bottle for the child to drink. D Wean from the bottle by 18 months of age. E Avoid coating pacifiers in a sweet substance
A B E
The nurse is planning to administer immunizations to a 6-month-old infant. Which interventions should the nurse implement to minimize local reactions from the vaccines? (Select all that apply.) A Select a needle length of 1 inch. B Administer in the deltoid muscle. C Inject the vaccine into the vastus lateralis. D Draw the vaccine up from a vial with a filter needle. E Change the needle on the syringe after drawing up the vaccine and before injecting.
A C
The nurse is teaching parents of a 3-year-old child about gross motor developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Rides a tricycle B Catches a ball reliably C Jumps off the bottom step D Stands on one foot for a few seconds E Walks downstairs using alternate footing
A C D
What are common causes of speech problems? (Select all that apply.) A Autism B Prematurity C Hearing loss D Developmental delay E Overstimulated environment
A C D
Parents are concerned about their child riding an all-terrain vehicle. What should the nurse tell the parents about safe use of all-terrain vehicles? (Select all that apply.) A Restrict riding to familiar terrain. B Limit street use to the neighborhood. C Nighttime riding should not be allowed. D Vehicles should not carry more than two persons. E Vehicles should include seat belts, roll bars, and automatic headlights.
A C E
The nurse is teaching parents of preschool-aged children strategies to prevent sexual abuse. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Back up a child's right to say no. B Don't take what your child says too seriously. C Take a second look at signals of potential danger. D Don't be too detailed about examples of sexual assault. E Remind children that even "nice" people sometimes do mean things
A C E
The clinic nurse is reviewing the immunization guidelines for hepatitis B. Which are true of the guidelines for this vaccine? (Select all that apply.) A The hepatitis B vaccination series should be begun at birth. B The adolescent not vaccinated at birth does not have a need to be vaccinated. C Any child not vaccinated at birth should receive two doses at least 4 months apart. D An unimmunized 10-year-old child should receive three doses administered 4 weeks apart.
A D
The nurse is conducting discharge teaching to an adolescent with a methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What should the nurse include in the instructions? (Select all that apply.) A Avoid sharing of towels and washcloths. B Launder clothes and bedding in cold water. C Use bleach when laundering towels and washcloths. D Take a daily bath or shower with an antibacterial soap. E Apply mupirocin (Bactroban) to the nares twice a day for 2 to 4 weeks
A D E
The nurse is planning care for a child with chickenpox (varicella). Which prescribed supportive measures should the nurse plan to implement? (Select all that apply.) A Administration of acyclovir (Zovirax) B Administration of azithromycin (Zithromax) C Administration of Vitamin A supplementation D Administration of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever E Administration of diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for itching
A D E
The nurse is planning strategies to assist a slow-to-warm child to try new experiences. What strategies should the nurse plan? (Select all that apply.) A Attend after-school activities with a friend. B Suggest the child move quickly into a new situation. C Avoid trying new experiences until the child is ready. D Allow the child to adapt to the experience at his or her own pace. E Contract for permission to withdraw after a trial of the experience
A D E
A parent asks the nurse, "When will I know my child is ready for toilet training?" The nurse should include what in the response? (Select all that apply.) A The child should be able to stay dry for 1 hour. B The child should be able to sit, walk, and squat. C The child should have regular bowel movements. D The child should express a willingness to please.
B C D
A toddler is in the sensorimotor, tertiary circular reactions stage of cognitive development. What behavior should the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.) A Refers to self by pronoun B Gestures "up" and "down" C Able to insert round object into a hole D Can find hidden objects but only in the first location E Uses future-oriented words, such as "tomorrow"
B C D
The nurse is caring for a child with erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome). What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Papular urticaria B Erythematous papular rash C Lesions absent in the scalp D Lesions enlarge by peripheral expansion E Firm papules that may be capped by vesicle
B C D
The school nurse recognizes that children respond to stress by using which tactics? (Select all that apply.) A Passivity B Delinquency C Daydreaming D Delaying tactics E Becoming outgoing
B C D
The clinic nurse is assessing a child with a heavy ascariasis lumbricoides (common roundworm) infection. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A Anemia B Anorexia C Irritability D Intestinal colic E Enlarged abdomen
B C D E
The clinic nurse is assessing a child with bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye). Which assessment findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) A Itching B Swollen eyelids C Inflamed conjunctiva D Purulent eye drainage E Crusting of eyelids in the morning
B C D E
The nurse is caring for a child with psoriasis. What local manifestations does the nurse expect to assess in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Development of wheals B First lesions appear in the scalp C Round, thick, dry reddish patches D Lesions appear in intergluteal folds E Patches are covered with coarse, silvery scales
B C E
The nurse is preparing to admit a 1-year-old child with pertussis (whooping cough). Which clinical manifestations of pertussis should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) A Earache B Coryza C Conjunctivitis D Low-grade fever E Dry hacking cough
B D E
The school nurse is teaching bicycle safety to a group of school-age children. What should the nurse include in the session? (Select all that apply.) A Ride double file when possible. B Watch for and yield to pedestrians. C Only ride double with someone your own size. D Ride bicycles with traffic away from parked cars. E Keep both hands on the handlebars except when signaling
B D E
The school nurse teaches adolescents that the detrimental long-term effects of tanning are what? (Select all that apply.) A Vitamin D deficiency B Premature aging of the skin C Exacerbates acne outbreaks D Increased risk for skin cancer E Possible phototoxic reaction
B D E
What are characteristics of dating relationships in early adolescence? (Select all that apply.) A One-on-one dating B Follow ritualized "scripts" C Are psychosocially intimate D Involve playing stereotypic roles E Participating in mixed-gender group activities
B D E
The nurse is explaining to an adolescent the rationale for administering a Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) vaccine 3 years after the last Td (tetanus) booster. What should the nurse tell the adolescent? A "It is time for a booster vaccine." B "It is past the time for a booster vaccine." C "This vaccine will provide pertussis immunity." D "This vaccine will be the last booster you will need."
C
The nurse understands that medications delivered by which route are more likely to cause a drug reaction? A Oral B Topical C Intravenous D Intramuscular
C
The school nurse is seeing a child who collected some poison ivy leaves during recess. He says only his hands touched it. What is the most appropriate nursing action? A Soak his hands in warm water. B Apply Burow's solution compresses. C Rinse his hands in cold running water. D Scrub his hands thoroughly with antibacterial soap.
C
The school nurse is teaching female school-age children about the average age of puberty. What is the average age of puberty for girls? A 10 years B 11 years C 12 years D 13 years
C
What does the nurse understand about caloric needs for school-age children? A The caloric needs for the school-age children are the same as for other age groups. B The caloric needs for school-age children are more than they were in the preschool years. C The caloric needs for school-age children are lower than they were in the preschool years. D The caloric needs for school-age children are greater than they will be in the adolescent years.
C
What is an important consideration for the school nurse planning a class on injury prevention for adolescents? A Adolescents generally are not risk takers. B Adolescents can anticipate the long-term consequences of serious injuries. C Adolescents need to discharge energy, often at the expense of logical thinking. D During adolescence, participation in sports should be limited to prevent permanent injuries.
C
What is an important nursing consideration when a child is hospitalized for chelation therapy to treat lead poisoning? A Maintain bed rest. B Maintain isolation precautions. C Keep an accurate record of intake and output. D Institute measures to prevent skeletal fracture.
C
What is characteristic of dishonest behavior in children ages 8 to 10 years? A Cheating during games is now more common. B Stealing can occur because their sense of property rights is limited. C Lying is used to meet expectations set by others that they have been unable to attain. D Dishonesty results from the inability to distinguish between fact and fantasy.
C
What is descriptive of the play of school-age children? A They like to invent games, making up the rules as they go. B Individuality in play is better tolerated than at earlier ages. C Knowing the rules of a game gives an important sense of belonging. D Team play helps children learn the universal importance of competition and winning.
C
What statement accurately describes physical development during the school-age years? A The child's weight almost triples. B Muscles become functionally mature. C Boys and girls double strength and physical capabilities. D Fat gradually increases, which contributes to children's heavier appearance
C
What statement best describes the relationship school-age children have with their families? A Ready to reject parental controls B Desire to spend equal time with family and peers C Need and want restrictions placed on their behavior by the family D Peer group replaces the family as the primary influence in setting standards of behavior and rules
C
The nurse is caring for a child who has a temperature of 30° C (86° F). What physical effects of hypothermia should the nurse expect to observe in this child? (Select all that apply.) A Reduced urinary output B Injury to peripheral tissue C Increased blood pressure D Tachycardia E Irritability with loss of consciousness F Rigid extremities
C D E
The nurse is teaching a parent of an 18-month-old about developmental milestones associated with feeding. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A The child will begin to use a fork. B The child will be able use a straw and cup. C The child will be able to hold a cup with both hands. D The child will be able to drink from a cup with a lid. E The child will begin to use a spoon but may turn it before reaching the mouth
C D E
The nurse is teaching parents of a 4-year-old child about fine motor developmental milestones. What milestones should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Can lace shoes B Uses scissors successfully C Builds a tower of nine or 10 cubes D Builds a bridge with three cubes EAdeptly places small pellets in a narrow-necked bottle
C D E
The nurse understands that traits of gifted children include what? (Select all that apply.) A Fair memory skills B Limited sense of humor C Perfectionism as a focus D Inquisitive; always asking questions E Displays intense feelings and emotion
C D E
What are characteristics of early adolescence (11-14 years) with regard to identity? (Select all that apply.) A Mature sexual identity B Increase in self-esteem C Trying out of various roles D Conformity to group norms E Preoccupied with rapid body changes
C D E
The nurse is teaching parents about safety for their "latchkey" children. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) A Teach the child first-aid procedures. B Keep the key in an easy place to find. C Teach the child weather-related safety. D Teach the child to open the door for delivery people. E Emphasize fire safety rules and conduct practice fire drills
C E
What statement characterizes moral development in the older school-age child? A Rule violations are viewed in an isolated context. B Judgments and rules become more absolute and authoritarian. C The child remembers the rules but cannot understand the reasons behind them. D The child is able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it rather than just by the consequences.
D
Which type of play is most typical of the preschool period? A Team B Parallel C Solitary D Associative
D
A father calls the clinic because he found his young daughter squirting Visine eyedrops into her mouth. What is the most appropriate nursing action? A Reassure the father that Visine is harmless. B Direct him to seek immediate medical treatment. C Recommend inducing vomiting with ipecac. D Advise him to dilute Visine by giving his daughter several glasses of water to drink.
B
A male school-age student asks the school nurse, "How much with my height increase in a year?" The nurse should give which response? A "Your height will increase on average 1 inch a year." B "Your height will increase on average 2 inches a year." C "Your height will increase on average 3 inches a year." D "Your height will increase on average 4 inches a year."
B
A school-age child has been bitten on the leg by a large snake that may be poisonous. During transport to an emergency facility, what should the care include? A Apply ice to the snakebite. B Immobilize the leg with a splint. C Place a loose tourniquet distal to the bite. D Apply warm compresses to the snakebite.
B
Parents phone the nurse and say that their child just knocked out a permanent tooth. What should the nurse's instructions to the parents include? A Place the tooth in dry container for transport. B Hold the tooth by the crown and not by the root area. C Transport the child and tooth to a dentist within 18 hours. D Take the child to hospital emergency department if his or her mouth is bleeding.
B
The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? A "We will wash our hands often, especially after diaper changes." B "We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person." C "We will be sure to continue the nitazoxanide (Alinia) orally for 3 days." D "We will bring a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks."
B
The nurse is explaining average weight gain during the preschool years to a group of parents. Which average weight gain should the nurse suggest to the parents? A 1 to 2 kg B 2 to 3 kg C 3 to 4 kg D 4 to 5 kg
B
A child has been diagnosed with giardiasis. Which prescribed medication should the nurse expect to administer? A Acyclovir (Zovirax) B Metronidazole (Flagyl) C Erythromycin (Pediazole) D Azithromycin (Zithromax)
B
Deficiency of which vitamin or mineral results in an inadequate inflammatory response?
ZINC
The nurse is teaching parents of preschoolers about plants that are poisonous. What plant should the nurse include in the teaching session? A Azalea B Begonia C Boston fern D Asparagus fern
A
A child has been diagnosed with cat scratch disease. The nurse explains which characteristics about this disease? A "The disease is usually a benign, self-limiting illness." B "The animal that transmitted the disease will also be ill." C "The disease is treated with a 5-day course of oral azithromycin." D "Symptoms include pruritus, especially at the site of inoculation."
A
A 12-year-old girl asks the nurse about an increase in clear white odorless vaginal discharge. What response should the nurse give? A "This may mean a yeast infection." B "This is normal before menstruation starts." C "This is caused by an increase in progesterone." D "This is possibly a sign of a sexually transmitted infection."
B
A child has been admitted to the hospital with a blood lead level of 72 mcg/dL. What treatment should the nurse anticipate? A Referral to social services B Initiation of chelation therapy C Follow-up testing within 1 month D Aggressive environmental intervention
B
A child has had contact with some poison ivy. The school nurse understands that the full-blown reaction should be evident after how many days? A 1 day B 2 days C 3 days D 4 days
B
A child is admitted to the hospital with lesions on his abdomen that appear like cigarette burns. What should accurate documentation by the nurse include? A Two unhealed lesions are on the child's abdomen. B Two round 4-mm lesions are on the child's lower abdomen. C Two round symmetrical lesions are on the child's lower abdomen. D Two round lesions on the child's abdomen that appear to be cigarette burns
B
When teaching injury prevention during the school-age years, what should the nurse include? A Teach children about the need to fear strangers. B Teach basic rules of water safety. C Avoid letting children cook in microwave ovens. D Caution children against engaging in competitive sports.
B
Which is an appropriate recommendation in preventing tooth decay in young children? A Substitute raisins for candy. B Substitute regular gum for sugarless gum. C Use honey or molasses instead of refined sugar. D When sweets are to be eaten, select a time not during meals.
B
What is characteristic of children with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? A Denial as a defense mechanism is unusual. B Traumatic effects cannot remain indefinitely. C Previous coping strategies and defense mechanisms are not useful. D Children often play out the situation over and over again.
D
Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electrical outlet recently, her parent finds her about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which is the best interpretation of this behavior? A Her cognitive development is delayed. B This is typical behavior because toddlers are not very developed. C This is typical behavior because of toddlers' inability to transfer remembering to new situations. D This is not typical behavior because toddlers should know better than to repeat an act that caused pain.
C
A 17-month-old child should be expected to be in which stage, according to Piaget? A Preoperations B Concrete operations C Tertiary circular reactions D Secondary circular reactions
C
A child with corrosive poisoning is being admitted to the emergency department. What clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to assess on this child? A Nausea and vomiting B Alterations in sensorium, such as lethargy C Severe burning pain in the mouth, throat, and stomach D Respiratory symptoms of acute pulmonary involvement
C
A child with cyanide poisoning has been admitted to the emergency department. What antidote does the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the child? A Atropine B Glucagon C Amyl nitrate D Naloxone (Narcan)
C
A female school-age child asks the school nurse, "How many pounds should I expect to gain in a year?" The nurse should give which response? A "You will gain about 2.4 to 4.6 lb per year" B "You will gain about 3.4 to 5.6 lb per year." C "You will gain about 4.4 to 6.6 lb per year." D "You will gain about 5.5 to 7.6 lb per year."
C
A parent taking a preschool child to school on the first day asks the nurse, "What do I do if my child wants me to stay?" What is an appropriate response by the nurse? A "It is better if you do not stay." B "It is best to stay and participate in the activities." C "It is OK to stay part of the first day, but be inconspicuous." D "It would be better to have a good friend take your child to class the first day."
C
What do inflicted immersion burns often appear as? A Partial-thickness, asymmetrical burns B Splash pattern burns on hands or feet C Any splash burn with dry linear marks D Sharply demarcated, symmetrical burns
D
What factor is most important in predisposing toddlers to frequent infections? A Respirations are abdominal. B Pulse and respiratory rates in toddlers are slower than those in infants. C Defense mechanisms are less efficient than those during infancy. D Toddlers have short, straight internal ear canals and large lymph tissue
D
A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain? A This cannot be prevented. B Infants do not feel pain as adults do. C This is not a good reason for refusing immunizations. D A topical anesthetic can be applied before injections are given.
D
An immunocompromised child has been exposed to chickenpox. What should the nurse anticipate to be prescribed to the exposed child? A Acyclovir (Zovirax) B Valacyclovir (Valtrex) C Amantadine (Symmetrel) D Varicella-zoster immune globulin
D
An infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is being admitted to the hospital. The nurse should plan to place the infant on which precaution? A Enteric B Airborne C Droplet D Contact
D
Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella virus and has an affinity for which? A Sympathetic nerve fibers B Parasympathetic nerve fibers C Lateral and dorsal columns of the spinal cord D Posterior root ganglia and posterior horn of the spinal cord
D
Parents ask the nurse for strategies to help their toddler adjust to a new baby. What should the nurse suggest? A Start talking about the baby very early in the pregnancy. B Move the toddler to a new bed after the baby comes home. C Tell the toddler that a new playmate will be coming home soon. D Alert visitors to the new baby to include the toddler in the visit.
D
The nurse is administering the first hepatitis A vaccine to an 18-month-old child. When should the child return to the clinic for the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination? A After 2 months B After 3 months C After 4 months D After 6 months
D
The nurse is developing a teaching pamphlet for parents of school-age children. What anticipatory guidelines should the nurse include in the pamphlet? A At age 6 years, parents should be certain that the child is reading independently with books provided by school. B At age 8 years, parents should expect a decrease in involvement with peers and outside activities. C At age 10 years, parents should expect a decrease in admiration of the parents with little interest in parent-child activities. D At age 12 years, parents should be certain that the child's sex education is adequate with accurate information.
D
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching? A "I will use precautions when I give an infant oral care." B "I will use precautions when I change an infant's diaper." C "I will use precautions when I come in contact with blood and body fluids." D "I will use precautions when administering oral medications to a school-age child."
D
The nurse is teaching parents about toilet training. What should the nurse include in the teaching session? A Bladder training is accomplished before bowel training. B The mastery of skills required for toilet training is present at 18 months. C By 12 months, the child is able to retain urine for up to 2 hours or longer. D The physiologic ability to control the sphincters occurs between 18 and 24 months.
D
The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. What clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product? A Tinnitus B Disorientation C Stupor, lethargy, and coma D Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx
D
The school nurse is teaching a class on injury prevention. What should be included when discussing firearms? A Adolescents are too young to use guns properly for hunting. B Gun carrying among adolescents is on the rise, primarily among inner-city youth. C Nonpowder guns (air rifles, BB guns) are a relatively safe alternative to powder guns. D Adolescence is the peak age for being a victim or offender in the case of injury involving a firearm.
D
The school nurse recognizes that pubertal delay in girls is considered if breast development has not occurred by which age? A 10 years B 11 years C 12 years D 13 years
D