Peloponnesian War
Results of the War
1. There was a decline in population on both sides. 2. Mercenaries developed. 3. Decentralization and chaos. 4. Spartan rule of Greece
What are the first two things the Delian League did?
1. They freed Ionia from Persian control 2. They freed the Aegean Sea from pirates- this allowed trade to increase and allow Greece to become wealthy
What were the four policies of Pericles?
1. Treasury 2. Justification of usage 3. Citizenship 4. Jury System
The Plague
All of the sudden a plague broke out in Athens, killing 1/3 of the population.
Delian League
An alliance Athens formed with the fellow city-states to protect Greece from further attack.
Who was the jury system chosen under Pericles?
Citizen's names were put into a pot and pulled out. Selected citizens served for one year.The jury consisted of 100 or more men.
What kind of government was Athens following the Persian Wars?
Direct democracy
Pericles
Elected by citizens (males). He developed a new political office, strategos. Under his leadership he arranged for Athens to become stronger than any other city-state in the Delian League.
What caused the Peloponnesian War?
Greece was not big enough for the Delian League and the Peloponnesian League to be in control. Each league was fighting for allegiance with the city-states.
What did Pericles do with the money from the Delian League?
He used the money to rebuild the Parthenon because it was destroyed by the Persian. People thought that it wasn't fair because the money was supposed to be used for all of the city-states in the Delian League.
How did Pericles justify using the money from the Delian League?
His excuse was that the Athenians gave their lives to save Greece and in the process, the Persians had burned Athens. People complained because they thought Athens shouldn't be rebuilt with their money.
How did the war end?
It ended in a stalemate because the Athenians wouldn't give up. The Allies began to join the Spartans, the Spartans attack and finally breached the walls of Athens.
How did the Delian League work?
It was controlled by Athens and every year, all of the city-states had to contribute money
What was the problem with all citizens being able to participate in the government under Pericles and how was it fixed?
Poor people couldn't afford to give their time serving the government because the depended on their salary. He began to pay a small salary to anyone in the government. This enabled the poor people to participate and create more of a direct democracy.
Who did the Spartans rely on for help, why was this ironic?
Sparta realized that they needed a navy to defeat the ships that were supplied to the Athenians, so Persia helps Sparta. However, the whole reason for the Delian League was to keep the Persian out.
What did Sparta do when Pericles was misusing the treasury of the Delian League?
Sparta wanted to start another league for everyone who was not happy with the Delian League. They named it the Pelopoponsiean League because they were located on the Pelopoponsius.
Where was the treasury for the Delian League located?
The island of Delos
What did the Spartans agree to give back to Persia if they defeated Athens?
They would give Ionia back.
What did the Persians say they would give back to Sparta?
They would give the Spartans a navy that would destroy the Athenians.
What does strategos mean?
general
