Pharm 2
The nurse is educating the client about their new prescription for prednisone. The client asks the nurse why this medication cannot be stopped abruptly. What is the best response by the nurse? -Your body could experience to much stress unless you taper the doses when stopping -You could go through withdraw symptoms -You wont have enough thyroid hormones available if this medication is not tapered -Adrenal suppression could occur while on this medication
-Adrenal suppression could occur while on this medication
A client is admitted with a fever of 102.8° F (39.3° C), origin unknown. Assessment reveals cloudy, foul-smelling urine that is dark amber in color. New prescriptions have just been written to obtain stat urine and blood cultures and to administer an antibiotic intravenously. The nurse will complete these orders in which sequence? -Antibiotics -Blood and Urine Cultures
-Blood and Urine cultures first -Antibiotics
Which suprainfections will the nurse assess for with antibiotic therapy? Select all that apply. -Phylonephritis -Tuberculosis -Clostridium Difficile -Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) -Candida Albicans
-Candida Albicans -Clostridium Difficile
The pharmacology instructor is talking to the student about low molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin. What is the advantage of this medication? -Indicated for patients who are on an exercise regimen -Initiates angiogenesis -Blocking Factors IXa and Iaa -Causes fewer systemic adverse effects
-Causes fewer systemic adverse effects
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has pulmonary edema and is about to start taking furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? -Eat food that contain plenty of potassium -Take the medication at bedtime. -Take aspirin if headaches develop. -Expect some swelling in the hands and feet.
-Eat food that contain plenty of potassium
The nurse checks the client's laboratory work prior to administering a dose of vancomycin and finds that the trough vancomycin level is too low. What will the nurse do next? -Administer the vancomycin as prescribed. -Hold the medication and notify the prescriber. -Double the dose of vancomycin. -Wait for the peak vancomycin level before administering.
-Hold the medication and notify the prescriber.
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug docusate sodium work? -Increase absorption of water from the intestinal wall -Stimulates intestinal motility -Increase absorption of water from feces -Adds bulk to stool
-Increase absorption of water from the intestinal wall
The nurse is administering a vancomycin infusion. Which measure is appropriate for the nurse to implement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this medication's administration? -Monitoring BP for hypertension during the infusion -Restricting fluids during Vancomycin therapy -Ally Sunscreen when outdoors -Infusing the medication over at lease 1 hour
-Infusing the medication over at lease 1 hour
The nurse is preparing to administer tetracycline to a client. With which assessment finding will the nurse withhold the medication and notify the provider? -Recent sunburn -Tinnitus -Positive Pregnancy Test -Pain in Achilles Tendon
-Positive pregnancy test
Patient is on antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks and has watery diarrhea since the day before and has abdominal cramps, temp is 101° F. Based on these findings, which conclusion will the nurse draw? -The client needs to be test ed for Clostridium difficile infection. -The client is showing typical adverse effects of antibiotic therapy. -The client's original infection has not responded to the antibiotic therapy. -The client will need to take a different antibiotic.
-The client needs to be test ed for Clostridium difficile infection.
What would be considered hypertension?
140/90
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug cimetidine work? Blocks Histamine2 receptors to decrease gastric acid secretion. Inhibits ATP enzyme system which suppresses acid production. Neutralizes gastric acid. Blocks Histamine2 receptors to decrease gastric acid secretion. Decreases peristalsis.
Blocks histamine 2 receptors to decrease gastric acid secretions
When administering lispro, what should you assess before and after administering?
Blood glucose
If the client with hypothyroidism is experiencing heat intolerance and weight loss, would you expect the clients levothyroxine does to increase or decrease?
Decrease
How does metformin work? SATA Decrease absorption of glucose in intestines Decrease synthesis of glucose by liver Promotes cellular uptake of glucose Increase sensitivity of insulin in tissue Increases secretions of insulin
Decrease absorption of glucose in intestines Decrease synthesis of glucose by liver Increase sensitivity of insulin in tissue
What does inhibiting COX-2 cause?
Decrease pain Decreased body Temp Decreased inflammation
What is the effects of stimulating kappa receptors?
Decreased GI motility
The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a client with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy? -Decreased platelet count -Increased red blood cell count -Increased hemoglobin level -Decreased white blood cell count
Decreased WBC count
Prednisone adverse effects
Fluid and electrolyte imbalance Bone loss infection cataracts peptic ulcers disease redistribution of fat hyperglycemia myopathy adrenocortical insufficiency
A client presents to the ER with severe CNS depression. The client has taken a month supply of diazepam. What should you prepare to administer?
Flumazenil
What is the antidote for diazepam?
Flumazenil
Sulcrafate is used to
Forms a gel to coat ulcers
When taking most antibiotics what adverse effects are patient at risk for?
GI Effects
What is a very common adverse effect that decreases over time? Lactic acidosis Hypoglycemia Jitteriness GI Effects
GI effects
What is very common adverse effect of metformin Lactic acidosis hypoglycemia GI effects jitteriness
GI effects
What are the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism?
Gain weight Heavy bleeding (menorrhagia) Sleepiness Bradycardia Intolerant of cold Course hair and nails
What are adverse effects that ibuprofen and aspirin have in common? Gastric upset liver damage Reye's syndrome Kidney dysfunction Salicylism Gastric ulcers Bleeding
Gastric upset Gastric Ulcerations Bleeding Kidney dysfunction
Which Aminoglycosides are we studying? A. Erythromycin B. Tetracycline C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Gentamicin
You have a patient that is presenting symptoms of a SERIOUS bacteria infection, which medications do you think the provider will prescribe? Select all that apply Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Gentamicin Vancomycin
Which Medications would you be concerned for Nephrotoxicity in your patient? Rifampin Gentamicin Isoniazid Erythromycin Acyclovir Tetracycline Vancomycin
Gentamycin Vancomycin Acyclovir
What insulin cannot be mixed with any other Regular Glargine Lispro NPH
Glargine
Which insulin does not have a peak? Lispro NPH Regular Glargine
Glargine
Which insulin cannot be mixed with other insulin Lispro Regular NPH Glargine
Glargine Because how it has been altered to have long term effects it must be in its own syringe
The client with diabetes is unconscious from hypoglycemia. Which drug would be used to treat this client? -glucagon -fludrocortisone -methimazole -metformin
Glucagon
The client has type 2 diabetes. Which drugs could be used to treat this client? Select all that apply. -ondansetron -glyburide -metformin -misoprostol -glargine -lispro
Glyburide Metformin Glargine Lispro
the client has a productive cough. which drug would be used to treat this client? Cetirizine Guaifenesin Dextromethorphan Budesonide
Guaifenisin
What are adverse effect of cimetidine? SATA Tachycardia Gynecomastia Impotence Hyperkalemia Galactorrhea Constipation
Gynecomastia Galactorrhea Impotence
Which drug categories are antisecretory (stop or decrease acid secretion) SATA H2-Receptor antagonist Prostaglandin PPI Mucosal Protectant Antacid
H2 Receptor antagonist PPI Prostaglandin
Which drug categories are antisecretory (Stop or decrease acid secretions) Select all that apply H2 receptor antagonist Mucosal protectant Antacid Prokinetic Proton Pump Inhibitor
H2 Receptor antagonist Proton Pump Inhibitor
A nurse is preparing to administer atenolol to a client. which of the following should prompt the nurse to withhold the medication. SpO2 - 90% HR - 56/min BP - 138/76 RR - 18/min
HR 56/min
When administering digoxin, what should you assess before and after administering?
Heart Rate
What would you assess with a a patient taking Metoprolol?
Heart Rate blood pressure
Furosemide is used for? Heart failure Edema from Liver disease Pulmonary Edema Hypertension Edema from Kidney disease Hyperaldosteronism
Heart failure Edema from Liver disease Pulmonary Edema Hypertension Edema from Kidney disease
Mineralocorticoids should be used with caution in a patient with? Mild hypertension Heart Failure Acute infection Diabetes
Heart failure May increase their BP due to sodium retention
What would you assess with a a patient taking Nitroglycerin?
Heart rate Blood pressure
What would you assess with a a patient taking Digoxin
Heart rate Potassium
When taking a glucocorticoid what should you keep in mind with your lab levels?
Increase Glucose for energy Increase mobilization of fatty acids to become energy at high levels are able to suppress inflammatory response and immune response breaks protein down more and decreases protein formation
What is the therapeutic action of bisacodyl?
Increase absorption of water from intestinal walls and stimulates intestinal motility
How do opioids and loperamide work for the treatment of diarrhea? Select all that apply Increase absorption of water from stool Blocks H2 receptors Decreases peristalsis Blocks 5-HT3 serotonin receptors Blocks dopamine receptors
Increase absorption of water from stool Decreases peristalsis
When taking psyllium and docusate what would you advise your patient to do? Increase exercise Eat more fiber Increase fluid intake Use long term
Increase fluid intake
What should the nurse instruct the client about taking furosemide? Increase fluid intake Increase your intake of potassium rich foods Take this medication before bed This medication has no adverse effects
Increase your intake of potassium rich foods
What is the therapeutic action of docusate?
Increases absorption of water from intestinal walls
What is the therapeutic action of psyllium?
Increases absorption of water from intestinal walls, adds bulk to stool
The nurse is assessing a client when the client reports having several episodes of diarrhea. The nurse reviews the medication administration record (MAR). Which PRN (as needed) medication will the nurse administer to this client? metoclopramide loperamide Psyllium ondansetron
Loperamide
What are lifespan considerations for adults when it comes to antibiotic therapy?
Making sure they complete entire course of medication
A nurse is caring for a client who receives digoxin. Before administering this medication, which action should the nurse take? Measure the client's blood pressure. Measure the client's apical pulse. Weigh the client. Offer the client a light snack
Measure apical pulse
Which Drug belongs to the classification of biguanide? Methimazole Glargine Metformin Glyburide
Metformin
Adverse effects of morphine are
Nausea Potential for abuse urinary retention Constipation
What of the following does ondansetron treat Constipation Diarrhea Nausea/vomiting PUD GERD
Nausea and vomiting
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)) work?
Neutralizes gastric acid
What is sodium bicarbonate used for?
Neutralizes gastric acid
During assessment, the nurse notes that the patient BP is 82/40. Which of the following prescribed medications is the culprit in this case? Nifedipine Simvastatin Diazepam Warfarin
Nifedipine
Would you withhold any of these medications if the patient blood pressure is reading at 90/60. Nifedipine Spironolactone Digoxin Hydrochlorothiazide Atenolol Amiodarone Atorvastatin
Nifedipine Spironolactone Hydrochlorothiazide Atenolol Amiodarone
Which medication would you give for sudden onset of chest pain Tetracycline Nitroglycerine Amiodarone
Nitroglycerin
You just gave a patient their Digoxin PO and they start experiencing some acid reflux. You have a PRN order for sodium bicarbonate, should you administer it? Yes, It will help neutralize their gastric acid No, I should wait 30 minute to administer it No, I cannot give sodium bicarbonate within 1-2 hours of other drugs Yes, with a sprite to help speed up the effects
No, I cannot give sodium bicarbonate within 1-2 hours of other drugs
You are about to administer warfarin to your patients. You look at their lab values and there INR is at 3.6. Should you administer your warfarin? Yes or No
No, The INR should be 2-3
If your are about to administer heparin and your INR is at at value of 2.2, should you administer it? Yes or no
No, you need to look at the aPTT level not INR
What classification is metoclopramide under? Loop Diuretic Nonphenothiazine 5-HT3 Receptor blocker Andidiarrheal
Nonphenothiazine
The nurse is caring for a client taking warfarin. The nurse reviews the INR results prior to administering the next dose. The nurse notes the client's INR is 2.8. Which action will the nurse take? -Notify the provider of the need for an increased dose. -Prepare to administer vitamin K per standing orders. -Prepare to administer protamine sulfate per standing orders. -Nothing because the INR is therapeutic.
Nothing because the INR is therapeutic
The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for hypothyroidism. Pulse 115, BP 132/86, temp 100.2. Loss 5 lbs in 2 days and patient states it is hot. what is your priority action? Administer morning dose of levothyroxine Notify provider Administer methimazole Decrease temp in room
Notify provider
The client has been prescribed tetracycline. Which adverse effect should the nurse instruct the client about? Ototoxicity Photosensitivity Red-orange color of body fluids Red-man syndrome
Photosensitivity
What are effects of stimulating mu receptors?
Physical dependence Respiratory depression Euphoria
What would you assess with a a patient taking Furosemide
Potassium Blood pressure
Which value would be concerning when administering spironolactone? SATA Glucose 140 Potassium 3.2 Potassium 5.3 BP 84/55 Pulse 55
Potassium 5.3 BP 84/55
Which is not a common side effect of short term use of prednisone? High blood glucose levels Weight gain Mood changes Potassium retaining
Potassium retaining
Spironolactone classification is?
Potassium sparing diuretic
The patient has recently been started on a ACE inhibitor, which side effect is more of a concern? Dry hacking cough Potential for orthostatic hypotension
Potential for orthostatic hypotension
Prednisone is a prodrug of - Acetaminophen -Prednisolone -Lacrimate -Ibuprofen
Prednisolone
Which glucocorticoid are we focusing on for inflammation?
Prednisone
Which medication inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins, decreases permeability of capillaries, inhibits lysosomal activities and decreases production of lymphocytes?
Prednisone
Why would you give a patient misoprostol?
Prevent ulcers with NSAID use
What are the therapeutic uses for prednisone Select all that apply Prevention of organ rejection Analgesia for mod - severe pain Fever reduction Inflammation suppression
Prevention of organ rejection Inflammation suppression
A drug which, after metabolism, is converted into a pharmacologically active drug is termed: A. prototype B. glycoside C. prodrug D. sulfonamide
Prodrug
what would you monitor when your patient is on morphine
Respirations Urinary retention and have naloxone for overdose
What is the number 1 adverse effect with Opioid Agonist medications?
Respiratory depression
When administering morphine, what should you assess before and after administering?
Respiratory rate
The nurse is preparing to administer a second dose of morphine to a client. Which assessments will the nurse complete prior to administering morphine? Respiratory rate Last bowel movement Pain level Dietary history Allergies
Respiratory rate Pain level Allergies
You are about to administer warfarin to your patients. You look at their lab values and there INR is at 4.6. What is your next step? SATA Administer medication Withhold Medication Prepare Vitamin K Prepare Protamine Sulfate
Withhold medication Prepare Vitamin K
You are about to administer heparin to your patients. You notice Petechia on their torso area. What should you do next? SATA Administer medication Withhold Medication Prepare Vitamin K Prepare Protamine Sulfate
Withhold medication Prepare protamine sulfate
Can lispro and regular insulin be mixed together? Yes or no
Yes they could but there would be no need to is they are a short acting and fast acting insulin mixed together
You are about to administer warfarin to your patients. You look at their lab values and there INR is at 1.3. Should you administer your warfarin? Yes or No
Yes, It is not in therapeutic range yet but you would administer and call provider that lab value is not at therapeutic range yet.
What is the antidote for heparin?
protamine sulfate
What is a adverse effect of Vancomycin?
red man syndrome
A client has a prescription for simvastatin. What is the primary use of this medication? Reduce blood pressure Reduce LDL Restore Potassium levels to normal Reduce heart rate to normal range
reduce LDL
A client with diabetes is newly prescribed the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide. What should the nurse include when teaching this client about this thiazide drug? "Monitor your blood glucose level closely, because the thiazide diuretic may cause the levels to increase." "Take the thiazide at night to avoid interactions with your diabetes medication." "You must avoid foods that are high in potassium." "You can take the thiazide medication at any time of the day."
"Monitor your blood glucose level closely, because the thiazide diuretic may cause the levels to increase."
What is aspirin used for?
Fever reduction, dysmenorrhea (Period cramps), Analgesia for mild to moderate pain, inhibits platelet aggregation, and inflammation suppression
Normal range for potassium 2.5-3.5 <10 3.5-5.0 1.5-2.5
3.5-5.0
The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamicin. There is a prescription for a peak and trough to be done with the next dose. The nurse will wait how long after the first dose to obtain a peak?
30 minutes after the dose
The nurse is caring for a client receiving gentamicin. There is a prescription for a peak and trough to be done with the next dose. When will the nurse obtain the trough?
30 minutes before the next dose
What does Roseman lab values feel is the highest level your A1C should be?
6% and lower is what a healthy A1C is according to Roseman
What are the Roseman's Normal lab values for glucose?
70-110
What would be hypotension?
90/60
Which statement is true regarding the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. SATA A client may need to take insulin with type 2 Insulin resistance is a major issue with type 1 If a client is on insulin they have type 1 diabetes The pancreas does not produce insulin type 1 diabetes Insulin therapy is necessary with type 1
A client may need to take insulin with type 2 The pancreas does not produce insulin with type 1 Insulin therapy is necessary for type 1
When is the best time to administer your morning does of Lispro insulin? 15 minutes before breakfast After Breakfast At 0800 when breakfast trays should arrive Immediately following Blood glucose results
After breakfast Lispro takes 15 minutes to take effect. Best time is while you are eating but! after would be the next best option.
The nurse should tell the client "use for an acute asthma attack" for which medication? Ipratropium Budesonide Albuterol Zafirlukast
Albuterol
Which medication is a Sympathomimetic beta 2 agonist bronchodilator? Budesonide Zafirlukast Ipratropium Albuterol?
Albuterol
Which medications would you take before a glucocorticoid? SATA Budesonide Zafirlukast Ipratropium Albuterol?
Albuterol Ipratropium
The nurse is caring for a client who is starting metronidazole for treatment of trichomonas vaginal infection. what will the nurse instruct the client to avoid taking when on this medication? -Alcohol -Acetaminophen -Sodium bicarbonate -ibuprofen
Alcohol
Which lab value would suggest that the insulin therapy is working? Postprandial glucose 220 A1C 5.5% Pre-prandial glucose 150
A1C 5.5%
A patient with hypertension has started pharmacotherapy for this condition, and has now developed a dry hacking cough. which class of medications is it most likely from? ACE inhibitor Anti-lipemic (Statins) Calcium channel blockers Beta Blockers
ACE inhibitor
The nurse is administering medication to a client with Addison's Disease. Which medication will the nurse administer? Levothyroxine Methimazole Fludrocortisone Metformin
Fludrocortisone
The client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin. Which adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client about? Select all that apply -Nephrotoxicity -Ototoxicity -Achilles tendon rupture -Photosensitivity -Hepatotoxicity
Achilles tendon rupture Photo Sensitivity
Which medication is used to treat Addison's disease? Glargine Fludrocortisone Levothyroxine Metformin
Fludrocortisone
Adverse effect for that only buprenorphine not morphine
Abstinence syndrome
A pregnant client calls the clinic and tells the nurse that she has a headache and doesn't know the best over-the-counter (OTC) medication to take. Which medication will the nurse advise the client to take for the headache? Aspirin Morphine Acetaminophen Ibuprofen
Acetaminophen
What non-opioid analgesic are we focused on?
Acetaminophen
What would you not take for inflammation? -Ibuprofen -Celecoxib -Acetaminophen -Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Which medication inhibits COX in the CNS only
Acetaminophen
A 6-year-old child who has chickenpox and a fever. The child's mother asks the nurse if she should use aspirin to reduce the fever. What is the best response by the nurse? Acetaminophen should be used to reduce the fever not aspirin You can use aspirin but follow the instructions on the bottle You can use aspirin but watch for worsening symtoms Its best to wait and see if the fever gets worse
Acetaminophen should be used to reduce the fever not aspirin
What is the antidote for acetometophen?
Acetylcysteine
Which medication has a rotten egg odor? Tetrahydrozoline Acetylcysteine Albuterol Guaifenesin
Acetylcysteine
The nurse is caring for a client who has a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin running. Which laboratory value will the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the heparin sodium drip? -Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) -Platelet (thrombocyte) count -International Normalized Ratio (INR) -Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Activated Partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
A patient is suffering from a viral infection, which medication best fits their needed treatment? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Acyclovir
What medication would you be concerned for neurotoxicity? Amoxicillin Gentamicin Tetracycline Vancomycin Erythromicin Acyclovir
Acyclovir
Which Anti-Viral are we studying? A. Ciprofloxacin B. Metronidazole C. isoniazid/Rifampin D. acyclovir
Acyclovir
Which medication belongs to the classification of Anti-Viral? -Isoniazid -Rifampin -Metronidazole -Acyclovir
Acyclovir
How does psyllium work? SATA Adds bulk to the stool Stimulates intestinal motility Neutralizes gastric acid Increases absorption of water in intestinal walls
Adds bulk to the stool Increases absorption of water in intestinal walls
The nurse assesses the client and reviews laboratory results. The assessment and laboratory findings are as follows: Heart rate: 58 -Blood Pressure: 128/82 -Respiratory rate: 10 -Potassium: 5.1 -INR: 3.3 Which should be administered and which to withhold? -Hydrochlorothiazide -Losartan -Digoxin -Morphine -warfarin -atenolol
Administer -Hydrochlorothiazide -Losartan Withhold -Digoxin -Morphine -Atenolol
With a potassium level of 3.0 would you administer these medications? SATA Furosemide Spironolactone Hydrochlorothiazide Digoxin
Administer ONLY Spironolactone
The nurse is preparing the evening insulin for a client. what should the nurse do? Mix both glargine and lispro in the same syringe so the client gets less injections Administer glargine according to the sliding scale Administer glargine separate from other insulin Assess the client blood glucose prior to administering glargine
Administer glargine separate from other insulin
3 hours after administering regular insulin, the nurse finds the client unconscious. What should the nurse do? Administer glucagon SC Administer glucose tablets Start IV of rapid glucose infusion Call provider
Administer glucagon SC Never rapidly infuse glucose in a patient
You are about to administer heparin to your patients. You look at their lab values and there aPTT 1 1/2 times baseline. What should you do next? Administer medication Withhold Medication Prepare Vitamin K Prepare Protamine Sulfate
Administer medication
A patient reports chest pain with severity of 7 out of 10. Nurse administers Nitroglycerin. After 5 minute the patient reports pain is now at a 2. What should the nurse do now? Document the finding Monitor Vital signs Administer a second dose of Nitroglycerin Check patients apical heart rate
Administer second dose of Nitroglycerin
The nurse is administering losartan to client with a history of hypertension. The nurse assess the client's blood pressure prior to administration. The blood pressure is 126/76. Which is the best action by the nurse? -Instruct the client to stand for an orthostatic blood pressure -Skip this dose of losartan, the blood pressure is within normal limits -Administer losartan as prescribed -Withhold medication and notify the provider
Administer the losartan as prescribed
You administer Morphine to a patient that just had surgery and within 10 minutes after receiving a dose, the client is very lethargic and their respirations are shallow, with a rate of 7 per minute. The nurse prepares for which priority action at this time? Assessment of the patient's pain level Close observation of signs of opioid tolerance Administration of naloxone Immediate intubation and artificial ventilation
Administration of naloxone
Which mineralocorticoid are we focused on for inflammation?
Fludrocortisone
The nurse who is administering aminoglycoside therapy must monitor the client closely for signs of toxicity as manifested by which of these conditions? (Select all that apply.) -Elevated liver function tests (LFTs) -Rising serum creatinine level -Altered level of consciousness -dizziness -Hearing loss
Aminoglycoside would be Gentamycin Rising Serum Creatinine level Dizziness Hearing loss
Which medication would you monitor a patients pulmonary function? Amiodarone Vancomycin Gentamycin Nitroglycerine
Amiodarone
What Penicillin are we focused on? A. Vancomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Amoxicillin
What are the therapeutic uses for ibuprofen and celecoxib
Analgesia for mild to moderate pain, inflammation suppression, dysmenorrhea (period cramps), fever reduction
Is Zafirlukast a ..... (select all that apply) Bronchodilator Anti-inflammatory Maintenance for asthma Rescue for asthma
Anti-Inflammatory Maintenance for asthma
Is budesonide a ..... (select all that apply) Bronchodilator Anti-inflammatory Maintenance for asthma Rescue for asthma
Anti-Inflammatory Maintenance for asthma
Which Classification does not treat bacterial infections? Penicillin Cephalosporins Vancomycin Aminoglycosides Macrolides Tetracyclines Fluoroquinolones Sulfonamides Antiprotozoals Antivirals
AntiVirals do not treat bacterial infections
Bacteriostatic antibiotics
Antibiotics that do not actually kill bacteria but rather inhibit their growth
What classification is Enoxaparin in, and does it prevent or treat?
Anticoagulant Prevent
What classification is heparin in, and does it prevent or treat?
Anticoagulant Prevents
What classification is warfarin in, and does it prevent or treat?
Anticoagulant Prevents
What classification is Clopidogrel in, and does it prevent or treat?
Antiplatelet Prevents
What classification is aspirin in, and does it prevent or treat?
Antiplatelet Prevents
The nurse is reviewing the clients MAR. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could be given for which therapeutic effect? Anxiolytic Antimicrobial Antipyretic Sedative
Antipyretic
A client is prescribed fluoxetine. When teaching the client to take this medication carefully and as prescribed, which additional statement is most important for the nurse to include in the medication teaching plan? -Fluoxetine has an immediate onset of action -Any increase in suicidal thoughts or extreme changes in mood must be reported immediately to the doctor -There are no other precautions needed when taking this medication -You must take this medication with a fiber supplement
Any increase in suicidal thoughts or extreme changes in mood must be reported immediately to the doctor
Which NSAID are we focused on?
Aspirin ibuprofen Celecoxib Ketorolac
Which NSAID inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2?
Aspirin and Ibuprofen
When checking a patient for CNS toxicity what would you assess?
Assess Level of Consciousness
The nurse is caring for a client that needs insulin. Sliding scale 150-200 = 2 units 201-250 = 4 units 250-300 = 6 units 300 and higher notify provider. what will the nurse do next? Give regular lispro Assess Blood glucose level Administer 4 units
Assess blood glucose level
The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes. The nurse notes that the client is diaphoretic, has a pulse of 108, and is jittery. What will the nurse do next? Administer glucose tablets Administer next dose of insulin Assess client blood glucose Administer glucagon
Assess clients blood glucose
which medication would you be at risk for Hepatotoxicity Select all that apply Nitroglycerin Tetracycline Amiodarone Atrovastatin
Atorvastatin Tetracycline
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who is congested and has a fever of 101.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The parent wants to give the patient aspirin, what should you say -Be sure to use pediatric strength, flavored aspirin -Administer aspirin rectal suppositories to eliminate first pass effect -Administer a dose 125-300 mg orally with milk to decrease gastric acidity -Avoid using aspirin in pediatric patients due to risk of Reye's syndrome and viral infections
Avoid using aspirin in pediatric patients due to risk of Reye's syndrome and viral infections
How does Metoclopramide work?
Blocks dopamine receptors to increase CTZ threshold, increase tone of the lower esophageal sphincters and increases peristalsis
Why is MRSA not a suprainfection?
Because it isn't damage to the flora but resistance to treatment.
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug cetirizine work? -Breaks disulfide linkages of proteins in mucus. -Binds to H1 receptors to block the release of histamine. -Blocks the parasympathetic nervous system. -Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system.
Binds to H1 receptors to block the release of histamine
The client is receiving medication to treat their constipation. With which medication will the nurse discourage to take long-term for their constipation? bisacodyl docusate sodium sodium bicarbonate psyllium
Bisacodyl
What medication will cause cathartic dependence if taken longer than a week? Bisacodyl Docusate Psyllium
Bisacodyl
Which drug can be abuse as a laxative Docusate Bisacodyl Psyllium Diphenoxylate
Bisacodyl
What are adverse effects from taking ciprofloxacin
Black box warning for -Tendinitis, tendon rupture, Peripheral Neuropathy, CNS effects, Exacerbates Muscle weakness with Myasthenia Gravis
What does inhibiting COX-1 cause?
Bleeding Decreased urine output Increased BUN and Creatinine Ulcers
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug ondansetron work? -Decrease Peristalsis -Block Dopamine receptors -Block 5-HT3 serotonin receptors -Blocks histamine 2 receptors
Blocks 5-HT3 serotonin receptors
What is the MOA for hydrochlorothaizide?
Blocks Cloride pump and decreases sodium chloride and water
Spironolactone MOA is
Blocks aldosterone
Enoxaparin helps.... -Block angiogenesis -Initiates angiogenesis -Has a higher molecular weight than heparin -Dissolves thrombus's
Blocks angiogenesis
What would you assess with a a patient taking captopril?
Blood pressure
What would you assess with a a patient taking Amiodarone
Blood pressure Heart rate
What would you assess with a a patient taking Spironolactone
Blood pressure Potassium
What is a adverse effect of long term use of omeprazole? Ulcers Bone loss Yellowing or Blurred Vision Heart Burn
Bone loss
A client has started a new medication that is a beta 1 adrenergic blocker. What would be a adverse effect of this medication? Bradypnea Tachypnea Tachycardia Bradycardia
Bradycardia
What are adverse effects of amiodarone? SATA Bradycardia Tachycardia Blue-grey skin discoloration Hepatotoxicity Pulmonary Toxicity Blindness Hypotension Hypokalemia
Bradycardia Blue Grey skin discoloration Pulmonary toxicity hypotension
The nurse understands that digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range? what are signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity? Bradycardia Tachycardia Blue-Grey skin discoloration Hepatotoxicity Pulmonary toxicity Blindness hypotension Hypokalemia
Bradycardia Blue-Grey skin discoloration Pulmonary Toxicity Blindness Hypotension Hepatotoxicity
The nurse understands that digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range? what are signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity?
Bradycardia Blurred or yellow vision Anorexia Vomiting/Nausea Halos Irregular pulse (dysrhythmia's)
A patient is taking digoxin 0.125 mg PO daily. Which side effect should the nurse be concerned about? Select all that apply Increase urine output Ototoxicity Nausea Bradycardia Rash Blurred or Yellow Vision
Bradycardia Blurred or yellow vision Nausea All are symptoms of Digoxin poisoning
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug acetylcysteine work? Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Binds to H1 receptors to block the release of histamine. Breaks disulfide linkages of proteins in mucus. Blocks the parasympathetic nervous system.
Breaks disulfide linkages of proteins in mucus
Is Ipratropium a ..... (select all that apply) Bronchodilator Anti-inflammatory Maintenance for asthma Rescue for asthma
Bronchodilator Maintenance for asthma
Is albuterol a ..... (select all that apply) Bronchodilator Anti-inflammatory Maintenance for asthma Rescue for asthma
Bronchodilator Rescue for asthma
The client has been prescribed acetylcysteine. Which adverse effect should the nurse instruct the client about? Oral candidiasis Tachycardia Dry Mouth Bronchospasms
Bronchospasms
Which medication is a Anti inflammatory glucocorticoid? Budesonide Zafirlukast Ipratropium Albuterol?
Budesonide
How would you know if the client has received too much fludrocortisone? Buffalo hump Tachycardia Moon face Truncal obesity Always cold
Buffalo hump Moon face Truncal obesity
How would you know if the client has received too much hydrocortisone? SATA buffalo hump Tachycardia Moon face Truncal obesity Always cold
Buffalo hump Moon face Truncal obesity
Which medication blocks mu receptors and stimulates kappa receptors
Buprenophine
Which drugs belong to the classification of corticosteroids? Select all that apply Fludrocortisone Ibuprofen Budesonide acetaminophen Prednisone
Fludrocortisone Budesonide Prednisone
When a client is prescribed Acyclovir, which effects should you instruct your patient about? CNS toxicity Ototoxicity Hepatotoxicity Cariotoxicity
CNS toxicity
What are the suprainfections that can be caused by antibiotics?
Candida Clostridium Difficile
A patient has a history of HTN, HF and high Cholesterol. The Vitals are BP 110/72, pulse 56, potassium 5.2. What medications are indicated? Digoxin Spironolactone Metoprolol Captopril Amiodaron Atorvastatin Bisacodyl
Captopril Atorvastatin
As you are reading through your patients chart you see that they are allergic to penicillin. Which medication would you also not administer to them with this allergy? Gentamicin Vacomycin Metronidazole Cefaclor
Cefaclor
The nurse should assess for an allergy to penicillin before giving which medication?
Cefaclor
What medication would you consider giving to your patient if they had a MILD bacteria infection? Select all that apply Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Cefaclor Amoxicillin Erythromycin
Which NSAID inhibits ONLY COX-2
Celecoxib
All NSAIDs have adverse effects in common. Of these adverse effects that are caused by blocking COX receptors, which NSAID has less severe adverse effects due to selectively blocking COX receptors? Celecoxib Ibuprofen Aspirin Acetaminophen
Celecoxib Because it only blocks COX - 2
What Cephalosporin are we focused on? A. Vancomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Cephalexin
When reviewing the allergy history of a client, the nurse notes that the client is allergic to penicillin. Based on this finding, the nurse would question a prescription for which class of antibiotics? -Fluoroquinolones -Cephalosporins -Tetracyclines -Sulfanamides
Cephalosporins
What classification does bisacodyl land under?
Chemical stimulant
What are things to consider when treating Children with Antibiotics?
Children are more sensitive to GI, CNS effects and have more severe reactions. Monitor hydration and nutrition status closely Thrush Weight-based doses Educate parents about unnecessary use of antibiotics
What medication is a H2 receptor antagonist? Omeprazole Sucralfate Cimetidine Misoprostol
Cimetidine
What are the drug prototypes that treat both PUD and GERD Cimetidine Sucralfate Omeprazole Sodium Bicarbonate
Cimetidine Omeprazole Sodium Bicarbonate
A patient is suffering from a severe urinary tract infection. Which medication would you expect to be administering to them? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Ciprofloxacin
What Fluroquinolones are we covering? A. Ciprofloxacin B. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole C. isoniazid/rifampin D. Gentamicin
Ciprofloxacin
What should you monitor for aspirin and ibuprofen
Creatinine BUN GI bleeding
When assessing for Nephrotoxicity you should monitor?
Creatinine BUN
The nurse is admitting a client with MRSA. The following prescriptions were just written. Place the prescriptions in the order the nurse will complete the prescriptions. -Vancomycin 10mf/kg every 6 hours IV -Culture and Sensitivity -Peak and Trough
Culture and Sensitivity first! Administer Vancomycin 10mg/kg every 6 hours IV then do Peak and Trough
NSAID such as ibuprofen and aspirin exert their effects through inhibition of? Cyclooxygenase 1 & 2 Acetylcholine Cyclosporin Aminoreuctase
Cyclooxygenase 1 & 2 (COX 1 and COX 2)
Why would you draw a Peak and Trough level for a medication?
Narrow therapeutic drugs level Drugs that can cause toxicity
It is important for the nurse to understand the mechanism of action of the drugs that are administered to a client. How does the drug metformin work? Select all that apply Decreases absorption of glucose in the intestines. Decreases synthesis of glucose by the liver. Converts liver glycogen to glucose. Increases sensitivity of insulin in the tissues. Promotes cellular uptake and use of glucose.
Decreases absorption of glucose in the intestines Decreases the synthesis of glucose by the liver Increases sensitivity of insulin in the tissues
Which adverse effects are associated with hydrochlorothiazide and furosemide? SATA Hypotension Hyperkalemia Dehydration Hyperglycemia Hypokalemia Extrapyramidal effects
Dehydration Hyperglycemia Hypokalemia Hypotension
The client has a nonproductive (dry, hacking) cough. Which drug would be used to treat this client? guaifenesin dextromethorphan acetylcysteine diphenhydramine
Dextromethorphan
What Respiratory medication can cause CNS Effects Albuterol Tetrahydrozoline Dextromethorphan Guaifenesin
Dextromethorphan
What signs would you look for assessing for hypoglycemia following insulin administration? SATA Diaphoretic Polyuria Tachycardia Shakiness Polydipsia Excessive hunger
Diaphoretic Shakiness Tachycardia
What signs would you look for when assessing a client for hypoglycemia following insulin administration? SATA Diaphoretic Polyuria Tachycardia Shakiness Polydipsia Polyphagia
Diaphoretic Tachycardia Shakiness
Why would you give a patient loperamide? Constipation Diarrhea GERD PUD
Diarrhea
Would you withhold any of these medications with a heart rate lower than 60? Nifedipine Spironolactone Digoxin Hydrochlorothiazide Atenolol Amiodarone Atorvastatin
Digoxin Atenolol Amiodaron
Would you withhold any of these medications with a potassium under 3.5 Nifedipine Spironolactone Digoxin Hydrochlorothiazide Atenolol Amiodarone Atorvastatin
Digoxin Hydrochlorothiazide
A patient has a history of HTN, HF and high Cholesterol. The Vitals are BP 110/72, pulse 56, potassium 5.2. What medications would you contraindicated? Digoxin Spironolactone Metoprolol Captopril Amiodaron Atorvastatin Bisacodyl
Digoxin Spironolactone Metoprolol Amiodarone
The nurse should tell the client "do not take with CNS depressants, including alcohol" with which medication? -Ipratropium -Pseudoephedrine -Dextromethorphan -Diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine
What is a risk for using a broad spectrum antibiotic?
Disrupting the GI and vaginal flora YEAST (Candida)
What is a adverse effect of Metronidazole?
Disulfiram-like reaction when taken with alcohol
What medication falls under the classification of lubricant?
Docusate
When taking hydrochlorothaizide and furosemide what would you encourage your patient to do? Tell your patient to exercise more Eat more potassium rich foods Eat less potassium rich foods Eat more carbohydrates
Eat more potassium rich food
You are looking at the MAR of your patient and you notice they have hydrochlorothiazide on their orders, what is the therapeutic use for this? Angina GERD Edema Constipation
Edema from Heart failure Liver or renal disease
Which lab value would suggest that levothyroxine is not working? Elevated TSH Elevated T3 Elevated T4
Elevated TSH
A patient has been receiving opioid analgesics for an extended time period which intervention should the nurse accomplish? Refer the patient to rehab and narcotics anonymous Monitor for GI bleeding Teach patient to assess BP before administer med Encourage fluids and fiber in diet
Encourage Fluid and fiber in diet
In an acute care setting what medication is frequently used to prevent DVT Labetalol Propranolol Enoxaparin Lisinopril
Enoxaparin
Which Macrolides are we focusing on? A. Erythromycin B. Tetracycline C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Erythromycin
After medication administration, the nurse determines the patients therapeutic response and assess for adverse or toxic effects during what step? Assessment Diagnossi Planning Intervention Evaluation
Evaluation
The client has been prescribed metoclopramide. Which adverse effect should the nurse instruct the client about, especially with long term use? Potential for abuse Extrapyramidal symptoms constipation tachycardia
Extrapyramidal symptoms
It is safe to administer antithyroid medication during pregnancy True or false
FALSE
The nurse just administered diazepam to a client. What precaution should the nurse take with the patient?
Fall Precautions
A person who take Aspirin daily is not more prone to bleeding than one who doesn't True or False
False
Both COX 1 and COX 2 are associated with inflammatory response True or False
False
Culture and sensitivity can be done within 3 hours of starting antibiotics? True or false
False
Does metformin causes hypoglycemia? True or false
False
It is important to know how antibiotics work and if they are gram negative or gram positive pathogen? True or false
False
Levothyroxine should be discontinued when TSH is normalized? True or false
False It is a replacement therapy and should be given long term
Antibiotics can decrease the effectiveness of ALL contraceptives? True or false
False It only effects ORAL contraceptives
A client will be discharged with a 1-week supply of an opioid analgesic for pain management after abdominal surgery. The nurse will include which information in the teaching plan? -Importance of taking the drug on an empty stomach. -How to prevent constipation. -Importance of taking the drug only when the pain becomes severe. -How to prevent dehydration due to diarrhea.
How to prevent constipation
With which medication should you monitor potassium levels? SATA Hydrochlorothiazide Cimetidine Furosemide Spironolactone Sucralfate
Hydrochlorothiazide Furosemide Spironolactone
Why would you withhold a pseudoephedrine? Hypoglycemia Hypertension Hypotension Addison's disease
Hypertension
Furosemide is used for indicated for?
Hypertension Acute Heart failure Pulmonary Edema (HF, Renal, or liver disease)
What is the NOT a common side effect of long term use of prednisone Bone loss Cataracts Hypoglycemia Hypokalemia Paper thin skin
Hypoglycemia
The nurse administered glyburide to a client. Which adverse effect should the nurse assess for? Lactic acidosis Lipodystrophy Hypoglycemia Polyphagia
Hypoglycemia It increases the amount of insulin that the pancreas releases
What is the adverse effects of furosemide? Hypotension Hypertension Hyperkalemia Hypokalemia Hypoglycemia Hyperglycemia Dehydration Ototoxicity
Hypotension Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hyperglycemia Dehydration Ototoxicity
A nurse is caring for a client who has CHF and has started on digoxin. Which of the following statements should alert the nurse that they may be experiencing side effects? I have lost a half pound in 2 days I have a backache every since i got home I feel nauseated and have no appetite I ca walk a mile a day
I feel nauseated and have no appetite
The nurse assess a client and discovers gingival hyperplasia. Which medications could they be on?
Phenytoin Nifedipine
How does loperamide work? Blocks H2 receptors Inhibits intestinal Peristalsis Blocks Serotonin (5-HT3) Receptors Blocks Dopamine Receptors
Inhibits intestinal peristalsis
Patient on diphenhydramine as a antihistamine can also use it for??
Insomnia due to its sedation effect
Which medication is a anticholinergic bronchodilator? Budesonide Zafirlukast Ipratropium Albuterol?
Ipratropium
What is the most frequent/common adverse effect of NSAIDs Rhinorrhea & Epistaxis Anaphylaxis Bleeding Irritation of gastric mucosa
Irritation of gastric mucosa
When treating a patient with ACTIVE and LATENT Tuberculosis, which medication would they be prescribed for treatment? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Isoniazid
Which Anti Mycobacterial are we studying? A. Ciprofloxacin B. Metronidazole C. isoniazid/Rifampin D. acyclovir
Isoniazid Rifampin
How does methimazole work? It is the synthetic form of T4 It inhibits synthesis of t3 and t4 It gradually destroys thyroid tissue It decreases absorption of glucose in the intestines
It inhibits synthesis of t3 and t4
A patient is an insulin dependent diabetic who also has COPD. he is having COPD exacerbation and has been placed on Prednisone. How will this effect her glycemic control? No effect It will lower serum cortisol It will decrease blood glucose levels It will elevate blood glucose levels
It will elevate blood glucose levels
If you obtain a normal trough level, what does that indicate?
It would mean the medication is in the therapeutic range
If we get a high peak, what does that tell you?
Its toxic
What is a adverse effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole?
Kernicterus (Newborns) Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
When monitoring for hepatotoxicity what should you monitor?
LFT
What is a adverse effect that is rare with metformin? GI upset Hypoglycemia Lactic acidosis Hyperglycemia
Lactic Acidosis
Which medication is used o treat hypothyroidism? Methimazole Levothyroxine Metformin Fludrocortisone
Levothyroxine
Local anesthetic studied in this course is
Lidocaine
A patient with hypertension has started a new medication and has developed a dry hacking cough, which medication would cause this side effect? Nifedipine Losartan Atorvastatin Lisinopril Isosorbide Dinitrate
Lisinopril
Which drug belongs to the classification of rapid-acting insulin? NPH glargine lispro regular
Lispro
Which medication is used for type 2 diabetes? SATA Lispro Glargine Metformin Levothyroxine NPH Regular
Lispro (fast acting) glargine(long acting) Metformin(Oral) NPH (intermediate) Regular(Short acting)
The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client with type 1 diabetes. Which prescriptions should the nurse question? SATA Metformin 500 mg PO TID Lispro 12 units IM with meals Glargine 20 Units SC every night Glyburide 2.5 mg PO daily
Metformin 500 mg PO TID (only for type 2) Lispro 12 units IM with meals (not IM route) Glyburide 2.5 mg PO daily (only for type 2)
The nurse is administering medication to a pregnant client. Which medication would you withhold? Regular insulin Methimazole Metformin Glyburide Fludrocortisone
Methimazole Glyburide
The nurse is caring for a client with PUD. The nurse is preparing to administer medications, which medication will the nurse question based on the clients diagnosis? Omeprazole Metoclopramide Sucralfate Cimetidine
Metoclopramide
Which drug would you monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms ? Ondansetron Metoclopramide Bisacodyl Docusate sodium
Metoclopramide
Which medication would require that you monitor the client for extrapyramidal symptoms? Ondansetron Bisacodyl Metoclopramide Sodium docusate
Metoclopramide
Why would a diabetic taking insulin (or other hypoglycemic) need to be cautious when taking a beta adrenergic blocker such as metoprolol? Metoprolol has a chemical reaction with insulin Metoprolol is nephrotoxic Metoprolol mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia Metoprolol raises serum glucose levels
Metoprolol mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia
A patient comes into the clinic that has been found to have a protozoal infection with a mild bacterial infection as well, which medication should the provider consider to treat the patient? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Metronidazole
Which Anti-Protozoal are we studying? A. Ciprofloxacin B. Metronidazole C. isoniazid/Rifampin D. acyclovir
Metronidazole
What medication is used to induce labor? Metoprolol Misoprostol Amiodarone Albuterol
Misoprostol
Which medication is a prostaglandin? Omeprazole Sucralfate Cimetidine Misoprostol
Misoprostol
What is a consideration for older adults when they are on antibiotic therapy?
Monitor hydration and nutrition status closely More susceptible to adverse effects
What would be a opioid agonist analgesic?
Morphine
Which medication stimulates mu receptors and somewhat kappa receptors?
Morphine
What does ondansetron treat? N/V GERD PUD Constipation Diarrhea
N/V
Why would you give metoclopramide to a patient? Select all that apply N/V GERD Constipation Diabetic gastroparesis
N/V GERD Diabetic Gastroparesis
What are the therapeutic uses of metoclopramide? SATA N/V PUD GERD Constipation Diabetic Gastroparesis
N/V GERD Diabetic gastroparesis
You are about to administer clopidogrel, and you look at your CBC and your platelet count is at 80K. Will you administer it? Yes or no
NO, The platelet count is too low Must be between 140K-400K
A patient is brought into the ER. Patient is unresponsive to verbal and physical stimuli. BP 100/60 RR-4 P- 98 SPO2 - 86 on a non rebreather mask and Pupils are 1mm bilat. What should you prepare to administer -Vitamin K -Flumazenil -Naloxone -D50%
Naloxone
Which medication is a proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole Sucralfate Cimetidine Misoprostol
Omeprazole
The nurse administered morphine to a client who is now experiencing nausea. Which PRN medications could the nurse administer to this client? Select all that apply. Metformin Loperamide Meteclopramide Docusate Odansetron
Ondansetron Metoclopramide
How should insulin be stored? Unopened vials at room temp until expired Always in refrigerator Open vials at room temp for a month Unopen vials in refrigerator for 1 year
Open vials at room temp for a month
A patient has been taking morphine for 2 weeks and reports to the nurse they are constipated. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate to give to this patient? -Eat more dairy products, which should help with the constipation -Constipation is not caused by the medication you are taking -Opioids may result in constipation, its is important to increase fiber and fluid intake -Decrease activity level in order to increase GI motility
Opioids may result in constipation, it is important to increase your fiber and fluid intake.
What is a adverse effect of Rifampin?
Orange Red Color of body fluid
What is a adverse effect of furosemide if its infused to quickly?
Ototoxicity
The client has been prescribed gentamicin. Which adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client about? Select all that apply. Achilles rupture Red-Man Syndrome Ototoxicity Hepatotoxicity Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity Nephrotoxicity
What is sucralfate used to treat? NV PUD GERD Constipation
PUD
What does Cimetidine, Omeprazole, and sodium bicarbonate all treat?
PUD and GERD
Sucralfate is used for PUD GERD and PUD Constipation Diahrrea
PUD only
What would you use to treat sodium bicarbonate for?
PUD or GERD
What is Cimetidine, a H2 antagonist, and Omeprazole, a PPI, indicated for?
PUD, GERD, Hypersecretory disorder
The nurse understands the difference between COX 1 and COX 2 inhibitors, in that ibuprofen is more likely than celecoxib to cause which adverse effect? Fever Peptic ulcers Constipation Metallic taste
Peptic ulcers
The biotransformation of medication into less active or inactive form by action of enzymes is an example of Therapeutic index Pharmacognosy Pharmacokinetics Elimination of medication from the body Transmission of the medication from site of administrations to the blood stream
Pharmacokinetics
Which drug belongs to the classification of Sympathomimetic? Cetirizine Pseudoephedrine Diphenhydramine Dextromethorphan
Pseudoepihedrine
Which drug prototypes can be given for long term constipation? Psyllium mucilliod Docusate sodium Bisacodyl Metoclopramid Loperamid
Psyllium Mucilliod Docusate Sodium
The client complains of constipation, what should you give them?
Pyllium
The nurse is assess her patients that are taking opioid analgesics, which adverse effect would they address immediately? RR of 8/Min No bowel movement in 3 days Inability to void Drowsy client
RR of 8/min
A nurse is teaching a client who is about to start taking docusate sodium. What will the nurse include in the teaching as an expected result from the medication? Fewer bowel movement less diarrhea relief from nausea regular bowel movments
Regular bowel movements
A nurse is interviewing a client during a yearly health assessment. The client reports occasionally taking several over-the-counter (OTC) medications, including H2-blockers, as needed. When evaluating the effectiveness of H2-blocker therapy, what will the nurse assess for? Absence of constipation. Cessation of diarrhea. Passage of flatus. Relief of heartburn.
Relief of heartburn
During assessment of a client with osteoarthritis pain, the nurse know that which condition is contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? Headaches Diabetes Renal disease Rheumatoid arthritis
Renal disease
For the patient receiving periodic morphine, IV push which is most critical for the nurse to monitor? Last BM Pain level Respirations Blood Glucose
Repirations
Mineralocorticoid cause your body to do what ?
Retains sodium and excrete potassium
A patient has adjunct therapy to treat their ACTIVE tuberculosis, what medication would they be treated with? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Rifampin
Which Medications would you be concerned for Hepatotoxicity in your patient? Rifampin Gentamicin Isoniazid Erythromycin Acyclovir Tetracycline Vancomycin
Rifampin Isoniazid Erythromycin Tetracycline
A client diagnosed with high blood pressure is prescribed a new antihypertensive medication. During the first few days of therapy, the nurse will be most alert to which of the following? Inability to perform ADLs (activities of daily living) Inadequate nutrition Risk for falls Activity intolerance
Risk for fall
Which route is regular insulin administered. SATA PO SC IM IV Buccal
SC IV Also lispro can be used in IV as well. NOT Glagine
What is the oldest anti-inflammatory classification and which medication are we study?
Salicylates -Aspirin
Which adverse effects do opioid analgesics, centrally acting analgesics, and opioid agonist-antagonist analgesics have in common? Select all that apply -Sedation -Constipation -Urinary Retention -Respiratory depression -Potential for abuse
Sedation Respiratory depression
What are the effects of stimulating both mu and kappa receptors?
Sedation and analgesia
Drugs such as vancomycin or digoxin have a narrow therapeutic index. What should the nurse understand about this drug? Serum blood levels of the drug may need to be monitored A decreased dose should be administered Frequency of administration should be decreased Toxicity will occur
Serum blood levels of the drug may need to be monitored
Which medication neutralizes gastric acid? Cimetidine Omeprazole Sodium Bicarbonate Sucralfate
Sodium bicarbonate
A client is receiving a third intravenous dose of penicillin. The client calls the nurse to report that they are feeling "anxious" and having trouble breathing. What will the nurse do first? -Notify the provider. -Take the client's vital signs. -Check for allergies. -Stop the antibiotic infusion.
Stop the antibiotic infusion
If we get a low trough level what does that tell you?
Sub Therapeutic
Which medication is a gastrointestinal protectant? Omeprazole Sucralfate Cimetidine Misoprostol
Sucralfate
Which signs are associated with too much levothyroxine? SATA Cold intolerance Tachycardia Palpitations Weight gain Amenorrhea
Tachycardia Palpitations Amenorrhea (absent period)
Which signs and symptoms associated with too much levothyroxine? SATA Tachycardia Cold intolerance Palpitations Weight gain period irregularities
Tachycardia Palpitations Period irregularities levothyroxine is taken for hypothyroidism. too much of it will cause hyperthyroid symptom
Which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide to the client who is prescribed ciprofloxacin? -Call provider for lab work -You may shar the pills with another person with similar symptoms -Take it on a empty stomach for better effect -Take all of the prescribed medication, even if the symptoms stop sooner
Take all prescribed medication, even if symptoms stop sooner
What is the nursing intervention when a patient is taking psyllium? SATA Discourage long term use Teach client to take with at least 8 oz of fluid Teach client not to take within 1-2 hours of other drugs Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms Teach client to report difficulty swallowing
Teach client to take with at least 8oz of fluid Teach client to report difficulty swallowing
A patient is complaining about acne and a bacterial infection they have, which medication would you expect to see in the MAR? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Tetracycline
Which tetracycline are we studying? A. Vancomycin B. Tetracycline C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Tetracycline
You are presented with a patient that is 6 months pregnant. Which medication would not be okay for them to take? Erythromycin Acyclovir Tetracycline Isoniazid
Tetracycline
The nurse is caring for a female client receiving an antibiotic for pneumonia. The client has developed a vaginal suprainfection. How will the nurse best explain to the client the cause of the suprainfection? -The infection has spread from your lungs to your vagina. -The large doses of antibiotics have killed the normal flora. -The pneumonia-causing bacteria have developed resistance to the antibiotic. -This is an allergic reaction to the antibiotics.
The large doses of antibiotics have killed the normal flora
What is one of the main differences with diphenhydramine and cetirizine?
The sedation effect that diphenhydramine has
The home health nurse visits a client who has recently been prescribed alprazolam 1 mg PO 2-3 times a day as needed (prn). Which of the following is most important for the nurse to explain to this client? -This medication can cause insomnia. -This medication always controls anxiety for up to 4 hours. -This medication may need to be abruptly discontinued. -This medication is habit forming and should only be used as needed.
This medication is habit forming and should only be used as needed
What classification is alteplase in, and does it prevent or treat?
Thrombolytic Treats
The client has been prescribed budesonide. Which adverse effect should the nurse instruct the client about? -urinary retention -thrush -dry mouth -tachycardia
Thrush
When dealing with Ototoxicity what should you be assessing for?
Tinnitus Vertigo Hearing loss
Why do you give glargine before bed? To cover the bedtime snacks To cover the glucose created by the liver To prevent hypoglycemia in the middle of the night To potentiate the effects of intermediate insulin
To cover the glucose create by the liver
Why is it important to know the onset, peak and duration of insulin? SATA To determine how much insulin to administer based on glucose values To know when to administer insulin in relation to eating To know why hypoglycemia might occur To decrease the amount of insulin when giving
To know when to administer insulin in relation to eating To know why hypoglycemia might occur
How doe anitplatelet medications work? -interfere with clotting cascade -alter the formation of the platelet plug -stimulates the plasmin system initiates the clotting cascade
alter the formation of platelet plug
What would be a centrally acting analgesic?
Tramadol
Which medication stimulates opioid receptors and blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in the CNS?
Tramadol
A patient is unresponsive, the nurse looks at the MAR and which other medications could have been the cause if taken with morphine. Which medications could have added to this client's CNS depression? Select all that apply Tramadol Naloxone Butorphanol Fluoxetine Alprazolam
Tramadol Butorphanol Alprazolam
Which Sulfonamide are we focusing on? A. Ciprofloxacin B. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole C. isoniazid/rifampin D. Gentamicin
Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazol
A patient comes in complaining of painful urination. The provider diagnosed them with a mild urinary tract infection, what medications would you expect the provider to prescribe to the patient? Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin Amoxicillin Vancomycin Isoniazid Cefaclor Gentamicin Erythromycin Trimethoprim Rifampin Sulfamethoxazole Metronidazole Acyclovir
Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole
Because of lidocaine property of slowing down or suppressing nerve conduction it is used (IV) to treat cardiac arrhythmias
True
COX 1 is an enzyme that is protective of the tissues within the GI Tract True or false
True
Glucocorticoids may be used to treat system or local inflammation?
True
H2 receptor antagonist and proton pump inhibitors both decrease gastric acid True or false
True
A client was diagnosed with absent seizures, which medication is the client on?
Valproic acid
The client has a MRSA infection. Which drug would be used to treat this client?
Vancomycin
The nurse should infuse which drug separately over 1 hour?
Vancomycin
The nurse should monitor BUN and Creatinine for which medication Erythromycin Vancomycin Isoniazid Tetracycline
Vancomycin
What Lipoglycopeptide are studying? A. Vancomycin B. Amoxicillin C. Cephalexin D. Gentamicin
Vancomycin
Which medications would causes Ototoxicity as a adverse effect? Amoxicillin Gentamicin Tetracycline Vancomycin Erythromicin Acyclovir
Vancomycin Gentamicin Erythromicin
Which medication would you be at risk for Ototoxicity
Vancomycin Gentamycin
What is the antidote for warfarin?
Vitamin K
Is hydrochlorothiazide a potassium waster or saver?
Waster
when would it be appropriate to administer an ORAL glucocorticoid long term? As an asthma maintenance For an asthma exacerbation When a client has Addison's disease for chronic inflammation
When a client has Addison's disease It is okay as a replacement therapy. glucocorticoid for asthma is inhaled not orally ingested for asthma maintenance.
A client with type 1 diabetes has glucagon prescribed PRN, when would they administer glucagon? -When blood sugar is below 70 -When patient is unconscious and hypoglycemic -Every time the client eats -When the client experiences symptoms of hypoglycemia such as extreme thirst or hunger
When patient is unconscious and hypoglycemic
The nurse is caring for a client that is 5 months pregnant. The nurse is preparing to administer misoprostol to prevent ulcers from developing, what is their best action. Withhold and notify provider Administer with a full glass of water Instruct the client that they will experience some GI upset Advise client to notify nurse is hey experience any uterine contractions
Withhold and notify provider
Which medication is a Anti-inflammatory leukotriene receptor antagonist? Budesonide Zafirlukast Ipratropium Albuterol?
Zafirlukast
Bactericidal antibiotics
antibiotics that kill bacteria
A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. Which of the following is an appropriate instruction for this medication therapy? -Apply transdermal patch once a week -wait 24 hrs to apply new patch if patch falls off -apply transdermal patch below waist level -apply the transdermal patch in the morning
apply the transdermal patch in the morning
A patient has a history of HTN, HF and high Cholesterol. The Vitals are BP 110/72, pulse 56, potassium 5.2. What medications are not indicated? Digoxin Spironolactone Metoprolol Captopril Amiodaron Atorvastatin Bisacodyl
bisacodyl
How does Ondansetron work?
blocks serotonin receptors (5-HT3) in CTZ and peripherally
When administering captopril, what should you assess before and after administering?
blood pressure
What is the classification for psyllium?
bulk forming
What is a Opioid Agonist Antagonist analgesic
buprenorphine
Are all antibiotics considered safe to administer? True or false
false
A nurse is educating a client about the importance of taking certain medications with food to minimize GI effects. Which medications require this education? Select all that apply morphine prednisone acetaminophen ibuprofen aspirin
morphine prednisone ibuprofen aspirin
What would be the opioid antagonist that we are focused on
naloxone
Gentamicin adverse effects
nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity Monitor BUN and Creatinine Monitor for Hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus
