PHARM 2- FINAL

Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the administration of translingual nitroglycerin spray?

Administer the medication under the tongue.

What will the nurse advise the patient to do to avoid the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin?

Allow for a daily 8- to 12-hour nitrate free period

Which protects individuals who have been successfully rehabilitated from substance abuse from discrimination related to past addiction?

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

The use of which medication would alert the nurse to educate the patient about using Ginkgo biloba cautiously?

Anticoagulants

Which herbal medicine may improve a patient's short-term memory loss and cognitive function?

Ginkgo biloba extract

Which fluid replacement method will the nurse identify for a patient on a fluid restriction?

Half the volume with meals and the remainder divided among shifts

The nurse is preparing a patient for an ophthalmic examination. Which action occurs when the nurse instills eyedrops to produce mydriasis?

Extreme dilation of the pupil

The nurse is assisting with the development of care plan for a patient withdrawing from cocaine. What would be the first nursing diagnosis priority for this patient?

High risk for self-directed violence

A patient has recently been prescribed cilostazol (Pletal). Which statement by the patient indicates that this medication is effective?

I have less leg cramping when I walk."

How often is fosfomycin (Monurol) usually administered when used in the treatment of UTIs?

In a one-time dose

What is the purpose of administering filgrastim (Neupogen) to a patient who is post-bowel resection resulting from cancer?

Increase the white blood cell (WBC) counts

Which assessment verifies increased blood perfusion to the lower extremities?

Increased amplitude of pedal pulses

What does a urinalysis that is positive for the drug tested indicate?

It verifies whether the drug is present in the specimen.

Which is an accurate nursing action when administering subcutaneous enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin product?

Leave the needle in place for 10 seconds after injection.

The nurse is assessing a patient for adverse effects of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Which condition would most likely be present?

Osteoporosis

Patient is on continuous feed at 100mL/hr. Patient as 175mL residual volume. what should the nurse do?

stop the feed and notify the physician

how should you respond when when a patient taking carbidopa/levodopa ask "why am i getting these to medications?".

the carbidopa prevents the breakdown of the levodopa

primary response to alpha-1-receptors stimulation

vasoconstriction

When preparing a female patient for the endocrine changes that may occur as a result of androgen changes, the nurse will include information regarding:

voice changes.

important teaching for a patient who has recently been prescribed alprazolam (xanax)

you may feel dizzy or unstready when raising to a standing position

The nurse is providing education to a patient recently placed on selegiline disintegrating tablets. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

"I will place the tablet on my tongue before breakfast."

A patient with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why anticholinergics are used in the treatment. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

"These drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine."

Medications ordered on a patient with hypothyroidism include liotrix and cholestyramine. The nurse administers the dose of liotrix at 08:00. When is the best time for the nurse to administer cholestyramine?

12:00

Which patient on oral contraceptive therapy will be at greatest risk for heart attack?

A 36-year-old woman who smokes half a pack per day

The nurse is preparing discharge education for a patient who will be receiving warfarin (Coumadin) at home. Which important point(s) will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

A. "Do not make any major changes to your diet without discussing it with your healthcare provider." B. "Keep outpatient laboratory appointments for monitoring of therapy." D. "Report signs of bleeding to your health care provider, including observing skin for bruising; petechiae; blood in emesis, urine, or stools; bleeding gums; cold, clammy skin; faintness; or altered sensorium." E. "Avoid aspirin products."

Which instruction by the nurse will be included when teaching an adult patient about digoxin (Lanoxin) for management of heart failure?

A. "Report nausea and vomiting to your health care provider."

Which is the most potent of the natural estrogenic hormones produced in the ovaries?

Estradiol

What is the mechanism of action of propylthiouracil?

Blocks synthesis of hormone in the thyroid gland

seziure medication that requires careful monitoring of renal function?

Cabamazepine (tegretol)

Before the initiation of anticholinergic medications, it is important for the nurse to screen patients for which condition?

Closed-angle glaucoma

Which condition can occur if congenital hypothyroidism is not treated?

Cretinism

Which medication will be prescribed for a patient complaining of muscle spasms resulting from a back injury?

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

What is the intended outcome of the chemoprotective drug amifostine (Ethyol)?

Decreased renal toxicity

What is the action of timolol maleate (Timoptic), a beta-adrenergic blocking agent?

Decreases the production of aqueous humor.

Which symptoms will be most important for the nurse to assess for early signs of respiratory distress in the patient who has been given a neuromuscular-blocking agent?

Dyspnea, increased respiratory rate, and cyanosis

A patient is complaining of moderate bladder pain and spasms secondary to a UTI. Which drug would assist in relieving symptoms?

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium)

what problem is suggested when nystagmus is noted in a patient taking phenytonin (dilantin) and isoniazid?

Phenytoin toxicity

Which type of drug is most effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED)?

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Which medication is used to treat hyperthyroidism?

Propylthiouracil (Propacil)

A trauma patient arrives in the emergency department via EMS. He is bleeding profusely. A medical alert bracelet indicates that he is on heparin therapy. The nurse will most likely administer which medication that counteracts the action of heparin?

Protamine sulfate

What is black cohosh used for?

Reducing symptoms of premenstrual syndrome

Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain when a patient is being treated with a neuromuscular-blocking agent?

Respiratory assessment for patent airway

Why are bone marrow stimulants used in the treatment of cancer?

To enhance the patient's immune system during treatment

what action will the nurse take for a patient who has been prescribed lorazapam (ativan) to treat insomnia?

assess the patient's blood pressure in sitting and lying positions

A patient is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which action(s) will the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)

a. Assess for electrolyte imbalance. d. Monitor blood glucose levels. e. Discard the solution every 24 hours.

The nurse is instructing a patient about adverse effects associated with corticosteroid therapy. What information would be important to include? (Select all that apply.)

a. Avoid crowds or people with an infection. b. Monitor and care for your skin daily; change positions frequently. d. During periods of physical or psychological stress, higher doses of corticosteroids are necessary. Contact your health care provider. e. Follow a diet low in sodium.

Which are important teaching points for the nurse to review with a patient recently diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma? (Select all that apply.)

a. The disease will cause damage to the optic disk if left untreated. c. Loss of peripheral vision is a common trigger for diagnosis. d. Total blindness may result if the glaucoma is not treated.

Why are benzodiazepines preferred over barbiturates?

a. They have selective action at specific receptor sites. b. There is a wide range of safety between therapeutic and lethal levels. c. REM sleep is decreased to a lesser extent. d. Accidental overdoses are well tolerated.

A patient is admitted to the acute care telemetry unit with a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. The physician orders dofetilide (Tikosyn). Before initiating this medication, the nurse will

assess potassium level.

what baseline assessment would the nurse preform prior to administration of apomorphine?

a.mobility. b.orientation. d.alertness. e.vital signs.

Which instruction(s) given by the nurse will assist a patient to cope with the common adverse effects of anticholinergic medications? (Select all that apply.)

b. "Increase fluids daily." d. "Suck on candy or ice chips."

An employee at a factory has not been to work because of low back muscle spasms. His wife contacts the occupational health nurse to report that her spouse is on a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant and is having problems with sleepiness. Based on the medication action, what will the nurse tell her? (Select all that apply.)

b. "Your husband should avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving or operating power equipment." c. "I need additional and specific information regarding the amount of your husband's sedation." d. "I will review baseline laboratory studies, discuss your husband's status with the health care provider, and call you back." e. "Sedation is an adverse effect of these medications and tends to resolve with continued therapy."

what signs and symptoms that support the diagnosis of psychosis?

b. Deterioration of social functioning c. Reporting that the FBI has solicited important secret information from his phone conversations d. Confirmation of hearing voices in his head e. Changing the topic of conversation inappropriately

what is the priority nursing assessment for a patient taking a MAOI reports severe headache, stiff neck, sweating, nausea and vomiting.

blood pressure

what medication is also used in trigeminal neuralgia

carbamazepine (tegretol)

Which clinical symptom(s) would the nurse observe in a patient with thyrotoxicosis? (Select all that apply.)

d. Muscle tremors e. Restlessness f. Anxiety g. Sweating

Patients who are on neuromuscular blocking agents and lidocaine must be closely observed for which complication?

respiratory depression

what mania occurs with bipolar disorder?

distinct episodes of elation

adverse effects present when a patient displays prolonged tonic contractions of the tounge?

dystonic reactions

Which condition would alert the nurse of the need to use beta-adrenergic blockers cautiously?

emphysema

How frequently are nitroglycerin tablets discarded and prescriptions refilled?

every 6 months

a patient complaining of hearing voices if experiencing what?

hallucinations

The nurse transcribes a new order for a daily diuretic on a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The nurse will schedule this medication

in the morning

patient received a hypnotic agent at 9:00pm adn 2:00am the patient has removed her gown and attempting to get out of bed. what type of medication effect is this?

paradoxical

why are benzodiapines prescribed

pre-operative sedation

A long-term care resident is taking an anticholinergic agent. The nurse observes the resident to be disoriented and hallucinating. The priority nursing action is to:

provide for resident's safety.

what is the nursing priority for a patient that states " i wish i was dead. i just want to kill myself"

provide patient safety

pharmacologic action of entacapone

reduces destruction of dopamine in peripheral tissues