pharm exam 4
A 2-year-old is seen in the pediatrician's office with a bacterial middle ear infection. Which medication does the nurse anticipate being prescribed for the child?
Amoxiclin
When teaching an adult patient about eardrops, which statement will the nurse include?
"Lie on the opposite side of that of your affected ear for about 5 minutes after instilling the drug."
A nurse gives a client NPH insulin at 0800. At 1400 the nurse finds the client extremely lethargic but conscious. The client is diaphoretic and slightly combative. The nurse should:
Provide the patient with 4 oz of orange juice
The client tells the nurse that when he uses his timolol (Timoptic) eyedrops, they sting his eyes. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "Hold the next dose and contact your physician." 2. "This is a normal and expected effect of the drops." 3. "Your eyedrops may have expired; check the date." 4. "You should wash your eyes immediately with saline."
2. "This is a normal and expected effect of the drops."
After administering an ophthalmic anesthetic drug, which adverse effects does the nurse anticipate as possibly developing in the patient? (Select all that apply.) A. Stinging B. Burning C. Redness D. Lacrimation E. Blurred vision
A,B,C,D,E
Which antiglaucoma drug works by increasing the outflow of aqueous humor between the uvea and sclera as well as via the usual exit through the trabecular meshwork? A. Prostaglandins B. Osmotic diuretics C. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors D. Ophthalmic beta blockers
A. Prostaglandins
During the assessment of a glaucoma patient who has newly prescribed carbonic anhydrase inhibitor eyedrops, the nurse would report a history of which condition? A. allergy to sulfa drugs B. decreased renal function C. diabete mellitus D. hypertension
A. allergy to sulfa drugs
A 60-year-old man with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy and hypertension is seen in the emergency department because he was trimming his shrubs and got something in his right eye. He complains of a pain rating of 8 on a scale of 1 to 10 in the right eye. Which medication does the nurse anticipate administering via eyedrop to help control the patient's pain? A. tetracaine B. atropine C. morphine D. lidocaine
A. tetracaine
A 75-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes has recently been placed on glyburide (Diabeta), 10 mg daily. She asks the nurse when the best time would be to take this medication. What is the nurse's best response? A."Take this medication in the morning, 30 minutes before breakfast." B."Take this medication in the evening with a snack." C."This medication needs to be taken after the midday meal." D."It does not matter what time of day you take this medication."
A."Take this medication in the morning, 30 minutes before breakfast."
A patient has been diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and is started on the biguanide metformin (Glucophage). The nurse knows that the purpose of the metformin, in this situation, is which of these? A.To decrease insulin resistance B.To decrease the pancreatic secretion of insulin C.To increase the pancreatic secretion of insulin D.To increase blood glucose levels
A.To decrease insulin resistance
After the 0700 report, the day shift nurse notices that a patient has a 0730 dose of insulin due and goes to the automated dispensing machine to retrieve the insulin. The nurse sees that the night shift nurse had removed the 0730 dose of insulin, but the medication administration record (MAR) has not been signed by the nurse. The patient is confused and says "she thinks" the night nurse gave her the insulin. The patient's blood glucose level is 142 mg/dL. What will the day shift nurse do?
Ask the charge nurse to call the night nurse at home to clarify whether the insulin was given.
A patient's intraocular pressure (IOP) is dangerously high. Which patient assessment data should the nurse use as baseline data before administering treatment for the IOP? A. Gastrointestinal (GI) function B. Breath sounds C. Renal function D. Peripheral edema
B. Breath sounds
When administering eyedrops for glaucoma, the nurse understands the desired drug effect causes: A. increased IOP. B. decreased IOP. C. reduced cycloplegia. D. decreased inflammation.
B. Decreased IOP
A foreign particle is removed from the patient's eye. He tells the nurse that he previously forgot to mention that he takes eyedrops for glaucoma. He can't remember the name of the drug, but he knows the eyedrop bottle has a purple lid. The nurse identifies a purple lid as most likely containing which type of antiglaucoma drug? A. Direct-acting cholinergic B. Sympathomimetics C. Prostaglandin agonist D. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
B. Sympathomimetics
When the nurse is providing teaching about eye medications for glaucoma, the nurse tells the patient that miotics help glaucoma by which mechanism of action? A. decreasing intracranial pressure B. decreasing intraocular pressure C. increasing tear production D. causing pupillary dilation
B. decreasing intraocular pressure
When assessing a patient who is receiving a direct-acting cholinergic eyedrop as part of treatment for glaucoma, the nurse anticipates that the drug affects the pupil in which way? A. it causes mydriasis, or pupil dilation B. it causes miosis, or pupil constriction C. it changes the color of the pupil D. it causes no change in pupil size
B. it causes miosis, or pupil constriction
A woman who has type II diabetes is now pregnant. She wants to know whether to take her oral antidiabetic medication. What instructions will she receive?
C. She will be switched to insulin therapy while she is pregnant.
When administering eyedrops to a patient, the nurse places the drop: A. directly onto the cornea. B. in the inner canthus. C. into the lower conjunctival sac. D. onto the sclera.
C. into the lower conjunctival sac
A patient who has type 2 diabetes is scheduled for an oral endoscopy and has been NPO (nothing by mouth) since midnight. What is the best action by the nurse regarding the administration of her oral antidiabetic drugs? A.Withhold all medications as ordered. B.Give the medication with a sip of water C.Contact the prescriber for further orders. D.Administer half the original dose.
C.Contact the prescriber for further orders.
An 8-year-old child has been diagnosed with true pituitary dwarfism and is being treated with somatropin. In follow-up visits, the nurse will monitor for which expected outcome? A.Decreased urinary output B.Increased muscle strength C.Increased growth D.Increased height when the child reaches puberty
C.Increased growth
The nurse knows to administer acarbose (Precose), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, at which time? A.30 minutes after breakfast B.Once daily at bedtime C.With the first bite of each main meal D.30 minutes before breakfast
C.With the first bite of each main meal
The opthalmologist has given a patient a dose of ocular atropine drops before an eye examination. Which statement by the nurse accurately explains to the patient the reason for these drops? A. "These drops will cause the surface of your eye to become numb so that the doctor can do the examination" B. "These drops are used to check for any possible foreign bodies or corneal defects that may be in your eye" C. "These drops will reduce your tear production for the eye examination" D. "These drops will cause your pupils to dilate, which makes the eye examination easier"
D. "These drops will cause your pupils to dilate, which makes the eye examination easier"
The ophthamologist tells the patient that she is going to place a dye onto the patient's eye to help identify the location of the foreign object. Which drug does the nurse anticipate the ophthamologist will use? A. olopatadine (Patanol) B. cromolyn sodium (Crolom) C. tetrahydrozoline D. fluorescein (AK-Fluor)
D. fluorescein (AK-Fluor)
The nurse is teaching patients about self-injection of insulin. Which statement is true regarding injection sites? A.Avoid the abdomen because absorption there is irregular B.Choose a different site at random for each injection. C.Give the injection in the same area each time. D.Rotate sites within the same location for about 1 week before rotating to a new location.
D.Rotate sites within the same location for about 1 week before rotating to a new location.
The nurse has just administered the morning dose of a patient's lispro (Humalog) insulin. Just after the injection, the dietary department calls to inform the patient care unit that breakfast trays will be 45 minutes late. What will the nurse do next?
Give the patient food, such as cereal and skim milk, and juice.
A client received regular insulin at 0730. At 0930 the patient feels slightly hungry and has a dull headache. The nurse should:
Test the client's blood glucose level
A patient is prescribed insulin glargine [Lantus]. Which statement should the nurse include in the discharge instructions? a. The insulin will have a cloudy appearance in the vial. b. The insulin should be injected twice daily (before breakfast and dinner). c. The patient should mix Lantus with the intermediate-acting insulin. d. The patient will have less risk of hypoglycemic reactions with this insulin.
d. The patient will have less risk of hypoglycemic reactions with this insulin.
