Pharm final

A client who is prescribed a hypnotic asks the nurse, "About how long will I be taking this medication?" Which time frame would the nurse most likely include in the response?

(1) 2 weeks

A client is administered insulin lispro at 8 AM. The nurse would be alert for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia at about which time?

(2) 0900

The nurse determines a parenteral administration of an anti psychotic is more appropriate for a client and seeks approval from the health care provider. Which actions by the client would necessitate this change? Select all that apply.

(3) Combativeness (4) Refusing to take the medication (6) Refusing oral cavity inspection

As the nurse is preparing medications, he is aware of the 6 Rights of medication administration. He is also aware that three checks are involved in the medication preparation. These checks are:

(3) Compare the Mar to the prescription, the medication container to the prescription, and the pill to the patient in the chart

A client with Parkinson disease has been using levodopa. The client is now prescribed labetalol for hypertension. Which finding should the nurse prioritize if noted on assessment?

(3) Decreased effect of levodopa (4) Increased effect of adrenergic blocker

A client with severe chronic pain is to receive an opioid analgesic agent. The nurse will monitor the client for signs of tolerance which can develop at different rates related to which factors? Select all that apply.

(3) Dosage (4) Route of administration

The nurse is preparing to give two medications to a client. What is the most important thing to consider for the safety of the client?

(3) Drug action

A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with edema who is prescribed a diuretic. Which teaching should the nurse prioritize?

Administer early in the day

Anti-neoplastic drug adverse reaction:

Anemia (bone marrow suppression) Leukopenia Thrombocytopenia, stomatitis, reduced white cell , platelets.

Most common ACE Inhibitors (prils)

Captopril, enalapril (vasotec), enalaprilat, lisinopril keeps angiotensin one from turning in to angiotensin I to angiotensi II

Amoxicillin Adverse effects:

Glossitis, stomatitits, gastritis, furry tongue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, fever, pain at injection site, hypersensitivity reactions, hematopoletic changes.

The nurse is teaching the client how to administer his own insulin. How would she know that he has learned the correct technique?

He is able to describe the steps to the nurse

Angiotensis II receptor antagonist (ARBS)

Irbesartan (avapro), losartan (cozaar),valsartan (Diovan), Candesartan (atacand) Block receptors for angiotensin II, disabling the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Green tea (Adverse affects)

May cause nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, GI upset may occur because of caffeine.

Beta-Adrenergic blockers

Metoprolol (lopressor), Labetalol ( trandate), Atenolol (tenormin), Carvedilol (coreg) blocks stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors.

Buccal route

between gums and teeth and cheek.

Dry mouth treatment

sips of water, ice chips, hard candy unless diabetic, if it gets to bad talk to physician.

The nurse is teaching a client and caregiver about the anti hypertensive medication which has been prescribed. Which instruction should the nurse point out as most important to the client and caregiver? Select all that apply.

(1) "Never discontinue use of the anti hypertensives drug except on the advice of the health care provider" (2) "Avoid the use of nonprescription drugs unless approved by the health care provider." (3) "Avoid alcohol unless its use has been approved by the health care provider (5) "Notify the health care provider if the diastolic pressure suddenly increases to 130 mm Hg or higher."

A client is prescribed penicillin therapy to treat an infection. Which information would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client to reduce the risk of fungal superinfections? Select all that apply

(1) "Yogurt can sometimes help" (2) "You could try some buttermilk in your diet" (3) "You should take Acidophilus capsules" (5) "Make sure to use a soft-bristle toothbrush when brushing"

Which prescriptions should the nurse question with the provider? (select all that apply)

(1) A dose that is twice the usual amount (3) A prescription without a route of administration (5) A prescription that appears to have more than one route of administration

The nurse should educate a client limit consumption of which foods when taking isoniazid (INH) Select all that apply.

(1) Alcohol (3) Bananas (4) Meats

A client with obesity is to receive an anorexiants. Which preadministration assessments should the nurse prioritize? Select all that apply.

(1) Blood pressure (2) Pulse (3) Weight (4) Respiratory rate

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving IV dobutamine. Which assessment finding should the nurse prioritize?

(1) Cardiac arrhythmias

A nurse is preparing to perform a preadministration assessment on a client who has been prescribed diazepam. Which information should the nurse prioritize? Select all that apply.

(1) Complete medical history (2) Mental status exam (3) Anxiety level (5) Medication history

After taking penicillin as prescribed, a client shows signs of diarrhea and informs the nurse that there is blood in his stools. Which intervention should the nurse do next?

(1) Contact the primary care provider immediately

The nurse is administering medications to a client and as the client takes the medication cup from the nurse, it falls to the floor spilling the contents. What is the correct course of action for the nurse to take?

(1) Discard the medications and get new ones

A nurse is performing a preadministration assessment of a client who is to receive an opioid analgesic. Which activity should the nurse prioritize?

(1) Document a description of the pain and when it began

A group of nursing students are analyzing the various triggers for arrhythmias. The instructor concludes that the students grasp the information by correctly choosing which factors as a potential trigger for an arrhythmia? Select all that apply.

(1) Emotional stress (2) Heart disease (3) Electrolyte imbalance (5) Hypoxia

After conducting an in-service presentation about CNS stimulants, the presenter determines that the teaching was successful when the group correctly chooses which disorders as a contraindication to their use? Select all that apply.

(1) Epilepsy (2) COPD (3) Glaucoma

The nurse is preparing to administer niacin to a client with hyperlipidemia. Which adverse reaction should the nurse prioritize on ongoing assessment?

(1) Flushing

A nurse instructor is teaching a class on pituitary gland hormones. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which hormones as being secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? Select all the apply.

(1) Growth hormone (2) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (4) Prolactin

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed dopamine. What findings from the ongoing assessment should the nurse prioritze?Select all that apply.

(1) Headache (2) Hypotension (3) Cardiac arrhythmias (4) Nasuea

A postoperative client has a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective Breathing Pattern and is fearful that movement may result in more pain. Which activities would be most appropriate for the nurse to teach the client? Select all that apply.

(1) How to arise from the bed to ambulate as prescribed (2) Have the client perform deep breathing exercises (4) Get the client to cough and deep breathe every two hours

The health care professional has recommended sulfonamide therapy for a client who is currently taking oral anticoagulants. What is the possible effects of combining sulfonamide therapy with oral anticoagulants?

(1) Increased action of the anticoagulants

A nursing instructor is preparing a class discussion on the use of NSAIDs and interactions with other drugs. The instructor would emphasize that the effects of which drugs can increase with NSAID therapy? Select all that apply.

(1) Lithium (2) Cyclosporine (5) Hydantoins

A nurse caring for several clients with various disorders anticipates administering NSAIDs to which one for reports of pain? Select all that apply.

(1) Osteoarthritis (2) Fever (3) Rheumatoid Arthritis (5) Primary Dysmenorrhea

The nurse is preparing to administer bethanechol to an elderly client. Which assessments should the nurse prioritze before administering the drug? Select all that apply.

(1) Palpation of the bladder (3) Blood pressure (4) Pulse rate

The nurse is teaching a client about possible adverse reactions that can occur with tetracyclines. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the client chooses which reaction? Select all that apply.

(1) Photosensitivity (2) Hypoglycemia (4) Diarrhea ? (5) Stomatitis

The nurse is caring for a client who recently suffered a MI. When preparing to administer propranolol, the nurse would hold the dose and contact the health provider if which assessment finding were noted? Select all that apply.

(1) Pulse < 60 bpm (3) Irregular pulse (4) Systolic pressure < 90 mm Hg

A nurse caring for a client taking amitriptyline for depression should monitor the client for which adverse events? Select all that apply.

(1) Sedation (4) Dry mouth (5) Constipation

The nurse has just administered medications to a client. The client tolerated the procedure well. What are the nurse's other responsibilities at this point?

(1) To do client teaching and document the medications pass.

The nurse is setting up the supplies for a health care provider to suture a major laceration. The nurse should question the use of an anesthetic agent with epinephrine if which area of the body is involved? Select all that apply.

(1) Toe (5) Finger

The nurse is preparing to administer a cholinergenic drug. The nurse concludes that the client has which condition? Select all that apply.

(1) Urinary retention (3) Myasthenia gravis

After teaching a group of students about tetracyclines, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students choose which factor as a true statement? Select all that apply.

(1)All are broad-spectrum antibiotics (2) They may cause permanent discoloration in children's teeth (4) They can still be used when penicillins are contraindicated

A nurse is conducting a teaching session for a client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes on the importance of monitoring the blood glucose. The nurse determines additional teaching is necessary after the client makes which statement?

(2) " I should prick the very tip of my finger to get the blood."

A client admitted for chronic insomnia is prescribed eszopiclone. When teaching the client about this drug which factor should the nurse encourage he client to avoid while utilizing this drug?

(2) Alcohol consumption

After teaching a group of nursing students about sympatholytic drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students correctly choose which groups as an example? Select all that apply.

(2) Alpha-adrenergic blockers (5) Beta-adrenergic blockers

A client is prescribed paroxetine. When teaching the client about this drug, which would the nurse include as a possible adverse reaction? Select all that apply.

(2) Drowsiness (4) Diarrhea (5) Constipation

The nurse is giving medications to a client while thinking about the steps in the nursing process that he must update based on the client response to the medications. Which are the steps in the nursing process? (select all that apply)

(2) Evaluating the client's response to the medications (3) Assigning a nursing diagnosis to the clients condition based on need (5)Assessing the clients needs (7) implementing the nursing planning (8) Creating long, and short-term goals that form a plan of action

A nurse enters a client's room who was recently administered a cholinergic drug and immediately contacts the health care provider. Which assessment findings is the nurse witnessing? Select all that apply.

(2) Excessive salivation (3) Severe abdominal cramping (5) Muscle spasms

A client presents to the emergency department reporting the heart fluttering and feeling anxious. After administering isoproterenol, the nurse monitors the client for which potential result? Select all that apply.

(2) Increased use of glucose (3) Decreased gastric motility (5) Wakefulness

A client with heart failure is receiving digoxin. Which assessment will the nurse prioritize if the client is noted to be edematous?

(2) Measurement of intake and output

A nurse witholds a cholinergic blocking drug prescribed for an older adult client based on which assessment finding? Select all that apply.

(2) Mental confusion (4) Drowsiness (5) Agitation

A nursing instructor is conducting a teaching session about the parasympathetic nervous system. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which receptors are involved with stimulating smooth muscles?

(2) Muscarinic

The nurse is conducting the ongoing assessment of a client who is prescribed an anticoagulant, Which assessments will the nurse prioritize? Select all that apply.

(2) Platelet count (3) Blood count (4) Stool analysis

A 31-year old pregnant woman has been prescribed a tocolytic drug. The nurse will explain to the client that this drug class is used primarily for which reason?

(2) Preterm labor

A client with hypertension is to begin treatment with a beta-adrenergic blocker. The nurse predicts the client will potentially begin with which medication? Select all that apply.

(2) Propranolol (3) Metoprolol (4) Atenolol

After teaching a group of nursing students about central nervous stimulants, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students correctly choose which as an effect of caffeine on the body? Select all that apply.

(2) Respiratory stimulation (3) Central Nervous System (CNS) Stimulation (5) Diuresis

Before the nurse administers any medication, which actions should she take? (Select all that apply)

(2) Review the prescription for all the required elements to ensure it is correct (4) Perform the three required checks (5) Ensure that the client has no allergies to the medications to be given (7) Ensure that required vital signs, or other measures have been taken

A client with a peptic ulcer is prescribed glycopyrrolate. Which physical assessment should the nurse prioritize in the preadministration assessment?

(2) Stools

A client received warfarin for atrial fibrillation is requesting pain medication for a headache and for home use. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will suggest?

(2) Tylenol

A 26-year-old female client with a skin infection has been prescribed 400 mg ampicillin to be taken orally. Which instruction should the nurse include in the client teaching plan?

(2) Use an alternative form of birth control while taking this medication

A client is prescribed a transdermal opioid. After teaching the client and family how to administer this drug, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when they make which statement?

(3) "The site should only be cleaned with water before each application"

A 6-year-old client is presenting with signs and symptoms of fever, cough, stuffy nose, general malaise, and muscle aches. The nurse prepares to administer which medication to this client?

(3) Acetaminophen

A nurse is caring for a client with advanced breast cancer who is receiving androgen therapy. Which signs might alert the nurse to the possibility of liver toxicity?

(3) Clinical jaundice

The nurse has completed a teaching with a client prescribed phenytoin daily for seizure activity. The nurse determines the session is successful after the client correctly chooses which potential adverse reaction that can occur if the client misses a dose of medication?

(3) Recurrence of seizure

After teaching a group of nursing students about sulfonamides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students choose which medication as an example of a sulfonamide antibiotic> Select all that apply.

(3) Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (5) Silver sulfadiazine

A client with thyrotoxicosis is prescribed liotrix. Which assessment finding would most concern the nurse?

(3) Tachycardia

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed an opioid analgesic by the primary health care provider. Which assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction?

(3) Tachycardia

A client with anxiety has informed the nurse they no longer want to take the benzodiazepine. What is the best response from the nurse?

(4) "The doctor will explain how to gradually decrease the dosage over time"

A nurse is preparing to administer ciprofloxacin as ordered. Which test would the nurse ensure is completed before administering the first dose to the client?

(4) Blood culture tests

Prior to administration of adrenergic blocking drug for hypertension, which should the nurse assess first?

(4) Blood pressure

A client was emergently administered bethanechol. Which finding on ongoing assessment should the nurse prioritize and notify the health care provider immediately?

(4) Failure to void

A nurse is teaching a client about albuterol which has been prescribed. The nurse determines the session is successful when the client correctly chooses which adverse reaction to report immediately to the health care provider?

(4) Insomnia

A nurse has administered albuterol to a client with asthma, who is now reporting dizziness, especially when standing up. When analyzing the clients record for potential sources, which prescribed medications should the nurse question?

(4) Methyldopa

A client with heart failure requires long-term digoxin therapy. Which instruction should the nurse point out in the discharge teaching?

(4) Take the drug regularly without skipping a dose.

The term "pharmacodynamics " refers to:

(4) The action of the drug and it effect in the body

Duration of action is:

(4) The length of time it takes for the drug to produce a therapeutic effect

Anti-neoplastic drugs

(antibiotic) Do not fight infection similar to alkylating drugs. Interfere with DNA and RNA synthesis, thereby delaying or inhibiting cell division & blocking the reproductive ability of malignant cells. Example: Doxorubicin, (treatment for solid tumor)

Most common calcium channel blockers

amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazen (Cardizem), Verapamil (calan), Nifedipines (procardia) inhibits transport of calcium in the muscle.

Green tea

polyphenois, or flavonoids, which have antioxidant properties, thought to play a major role in preventing disease (eg. colon cancer) & reducing the effects of aging. Polyphenoids are powerful antioxidants they are thought to act by inhibiting the reactions of free radicals in the body that are believed to play a role in aging. -cancer prevention maintenance of of heart and liver.

Nitrofurantoin

with food or milk Nausea, anorexia, peripheral nephropathy, headache bacterial super infection.