Pharm Quiz 1

The nurse is assessing a client who is being admitted to the healthcare facility. When asked about allergies, the client states, "I'm allergic to penicillin." What is the nurse's best initial response?

"Do you remember what happened the last time you received penicillin?"

The client asks the nurse, "Is it safe to take over-the-counter (OTC) medications with prescription medications?" What are appropriate responses by the nurse? Select all that apply.

"It is important to tell your provider all medications you take, including OTC." "OTC medications could mask or hide signs and symptoms of a disease." "OTC medications can interact with prescription medications."

A client with cancer pain has been receiving morphine sulfate for several days. For the past few days, the medication is no longer effective in controlling the client's pain, and a larger dose is needed to have the same effect. How should the nurse explain this phenomenon to the client?

"This is likely a result of your developing tolerance to the medication."

The nurse is aware that it requires approximately how many half-lives for a client to excrete a medication from the body?

4-5

Which client is most at risk for an opportunistic infection?

A 14-year-old client with HIV infection (HIV INFECTION)

For what client would the use of prophylactic anti-infective be most appropriate?

A pre-surgical client who has an artificial heart valve

Which safety measure is important for nurses to teach clients taking enteric-coated drugs?

Avoid crushing and chewing medications

A client with an upper respiratory tract infection has been prescribed an antibiotic that the nurse is not familiar with. What should the nurse caring for the client do if not familiar with the new medication?

Collect information about the new medication.

Which would be the most significant factor in the selection of an antibiotic drug for treatment of a client's infection?

Culture and susceptibility test results

When assessing a client who has developed an anaphylactic reaction, what would the nurse expect to find?

Difficulty breathing

Prescription practices of primary health care providers for controlled substances are monitored by which agency?

Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

The nurse is caring for a client who appears to be developing anaphylactic shock. What drug does the nurse anticipate the health care practitioner will order to treat this condition?

Epinephrine (Adrenalin)

The nurse is caring for a client in the intensive care unit. This client took an overdose of acetaminophen 3 days previously and now has jaundice. Laboratory results show elevated liver enzymes. The nurse recognizes that the client may be experiencing what condition related to the overdose?

Hepatotoxicity

In teaching about using antibiotic medications, what is it critical to include to help stop the development of resistant strains of microorganisms?

It is very important to take the full course of an antibiotic as prescribed and not save remaining drugs for future infections.

Oral tablets and capsules with names that include CR, SR, or XL indicate a drug delivery system that:

Maintains more consistent serum drug levels and allows less frequent administration.

The nurse is preparing a client for discharge knowing the client will be self-administering medication at home. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?

Provide thorough medication teaching about drugs and the drug regimen.

When considering the half-life of naloxone, what are the implications for this medication therapy?

Repeated doses of naloxone will likely be necessary.

A nurse is administering a Schedule II drug to a patient. What most concerns the nurse about this medication therapy?

Schedule II drugs have a high potential to become addictive and be abused.

It is common practice to draw culture and sensitivity tests to determine the most effective antibiotic that will treat the causative agent of the client's infection. What does "culture" determine?

Specifically what organism is causing the infection

When describing an anti-infective agent with a narrow spectrum of activity, what would the nurse include?

The drug is selective in its action on organisms.

Drugs are classified according to what standard?

Their effects on particular body systems, therapeutic uses, and chemical characteristics

A nurse is teaching a patient about medications referred to as "antihypertensives." To what is the term "antihypertensive" referring?

Therapeutic classification

A nurse is taking a history on a client new to the clinic. The client reports being allergic to penicillin. What would it be important for the nurse to find out?

What the allergic reaction was

A client has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first-pass effect. Which measure has the potential to increase the amount of the free drug that is available to body cells?

administering the drug intravenously rather than orally

After administering a medication to a client, the client reports an upset stomach. The nurse interprets this as a negative effect of the drug and identifies it as a(n):

adverse effects

A client has returned for the third time to the provider's office after repeated doses of different antibiotics. Which does the nurse suspect?

antibiotic resistance

A client with complex health needs takes a large number of medications. In order to reduce the likelihood of drug-food interactions, the nurse should encourage the client to:

avoid drinking grapefruit juice.

What unique characteristic is present in lipid soluble drugs?

can cross the blood-brain barrier

Which of the following are examples of drugs with local effects? Select all that apply.

cold sore medicine wart medicine sunscreen

The nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving a broad-spectrum anti-infective agent for several days. What signs and symptoms should the nurse monitor closely?

destruction of normal flora

The nurse is researching a new drug's pharmacokinetics in the nursing drug guide. What information should the nurse read about? (Select all that apply.)

drug half-life timing of peak effect duration onset of action

A client is experiencing a cough associated with an upper respiratory infection. Which oral medication will likely produce the quickest therapeutic effect?

expectorant

A nurse is caring for a client who has been receiving a drug by the intramuscular (IM) route at a dose of 0.25 mg. After discharge, the client will be prescribed the same medication orally at a dose of 2.5 mg. What phenomenon should the nurse describe when explaining the reason for the increased dosage for the oral dose?

first-pass effect

What term is used to describe drugs identified by their chemical or official name in order to be independent of any manufacturer's assigned name?

generic

A post-surgical client rates the pain at 10/10. The nurse confirms that there are standing orders for the administration of opioid analgesics as needed. What route of administration should the nurse choose to achieve the fastest effect?

intravenous (IV)

The route medication must be given to achieve 100% bioavailability is given:

intravenous (IV)

What plays the largest role in drug excretion?

kidneys

A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a client who has liver disease. The nurse expects a reduction in dosage based on the understanding that what might be altered?

metabolism

What term is used to describe the process of absorption, distribution, and elimination of a drug in the body?

pharmacokinetics

Which term is used to describe the study of drugs and their action on living organisms

pharmacology

A nurse is preparing to give a client's scheduled medication and is reviewing the rights of medication administration. What will be included in these rights? Select all that apply.

right route right time right drug right dose right client

The nurse is discharging a client who will be taking an antimicrobial at home. What adverse effects related to antimicrobial therapy should be reported to the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)

skin rash diarrhea any sign of new infection

What occurs when the normal flora is destroyed by the use of anti-infectives?

superinfection

The nurse at a campus medical clinic is administering a new medication to a 22-year-old female client. The nurse should educate the client about what potential risk of drug therapy?

teratogenicity

An immunocompromised patient in a critical care setting has developed a respiratory infection that has been attributed to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The nurse should anticipate that the patient will require treatment with

vancomycin