Pharmacology Exam #4
A nurse is administering hydrochlorothiazide to a client who has gouty arthritis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that indicates an adverse effect of this drug? a. Hyperuricemia b. Hypernatremia c. Hyperkalemia d. Hypoglycemia
A
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking a loop diuretic and is experiencing a thready, irregular pulse, orthostatic hypotension, and confusion. The nurse should identify that these manifestations indicate which of the following adverse effects? a. Hypokalemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Hypouricemia d. Hyponatremia
A
A nurse is caring for a client who has a depressive disorder and requires a prescription drug to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated for this client? a. Reserpine b. Captopril c. Hydralazine d. Eplerenone
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for quinidine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "Monitor your pulse rate and report changes" b. "Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking this medication" c. "This medication can decrease digoxin levels" d. "This medication can cause urinary incontinence"
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to control hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Increase the amount of fiber in the diet b. Drink grapefruit juice daily to increase vitamin C intake c. Decrease the amount of calcium in the diet d. Withhold food for 1 hr after the medication is taken.
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina how to use nitroglycerin transdermal ointment. The nurse should include which of the following instructions? a. "Remove the prior dose before applying a new dose" b. "Rub the ointment directly into your skin until it is no longer visible" c. "Cover the applied ointment with a clean gauze pad" d. "Apply the ointment to the same skin area each time"
A
A nurse should recognize that milrinone is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following conditions? a. Acute myocardial infarction b. Peripheral vascular disease c. Ulcerative colitis d. Ventricular tachycardia
A
A nurse us reviewing new prescription with a client who has heart disease. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following drugs is prescribed to treat hypercholesterolemia? a. Simvastatin b. Furosemide c. Losartan d. Nitroglycerin
A
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for captopril for hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Hypokalemia b. Hypernatremia c. Neutropenia d. Bradycardia
C
A nurse is administering a dopamine infusion at a low dose to a client who has severe heart failure. Which of the following findings is an expected effect of this medication? a. Lowered heart rate b. Increased urine output c. Decreased conduction through the AV node d. Vasoconstriction of renal blood vessels
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for digoxin and takes multiple other medications. The nurse should recognize that concurrent use of which of the following medications places the client at risk for digoxin toxicity? a. Phenytoin b. Verapamil c. Warfarin d. Aluminum hydroxide
B
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client laboratory values requires immediate intervention? a. Sodium 140 mEq/L b. Potassium 5.2 mEq/L c. Chloride 100 mEq/L d. Magnesium 1.9 mEq/L
B
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is taking simvastatin. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations as an indication of a serious adverse reaction that could require discontinuing drug therapy? a. Bronchoconstriction b. Muscle pain c. Lip numbness d. Somnolence
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client has a history of which of the following conditions? a. Migraine headaches b. Pancreatitis c. Second-degree AV block d. Angina pectoris
C
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and is receiving mannitol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Blood glucose 150mg/dL b. Urine output 40 mL/hr c. Dyspnea d. Bilateral equal pupil size
C
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin and develops changes on their ECG tracing and other manifestations that indicate the client has severe digoxin toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to treat this complication? a. Acetylcysteine b. Flumazenil c. Antigen-binding fragments d. Deferoxamine
C
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity? a. Bruising b. Report of metallic taste c. Muscle pain d. Report of anorexia
D
A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who asks about using propranolol to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is a contraindicated for taking propranolol? a. Asthma b. Glaucoma c. Hypertension d. Tachycardia
A
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a diuretic. The nurse should instruct the client to include which of the following foods in their diet to increase potassium intake? a. Raisins b. Cabbage c. Cheese d. Eggs
A
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse instruct the client to avoid while taking this drug? a. Grapefruit juice b. Milk c. Foods high in vitamin K d. NSAIDs
A
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin and has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. The nurse should recognize that this drug combination places the client at an increased risk for which of the following adverse effects? a. Myopathy b. Hypoglycemia c. Irregular pulse d. Kidney failure
A
A nurse is caring for a client who received IV verapamil to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The client's pulse rate is now 98/min and the blood pressure is 74/44 mm Hg. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following IV medications? a. Calcium gluconate b. Sodium bicarbonate c. Potassium chloride d. Magnesium sulfate
A
A nurse is providing information to a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following information should the nurse include? a. Take the medication with food b. Plan to take the medication at bedtime c. Expect increased swelling of the ankles d. Fluid intake should be limited to the morning
A
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for losartan to treat hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following findings could indicate an adverse reaction to the drug and needs to be reported? a. Facial edema b. Sleepiness c. Peripheral edema d. Constipation
A
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is starting simvastatin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Take this medication in the morning b. Change position slowly when rising from a chair c. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables d. Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min b. Check pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiply it by 2 c. Increase intake of sodium d. Take with food if nausea occurs
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patch for angina pectoris. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Remove the patch each evening b. Cut each patch in half if angina attacks are under control c. Take off the nitroglycerin patch for 30 min if a headache occurs d. Apply a new patch every 48 hr
A
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following manifestations is a potential adverse effect of this drug? a. Headache b. Constipation c. Hypertension d. Hyperglycemia
A
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has angina and is to begin taking ranolazine. The nurse should report which of the following medications in the client's history that can interact with ranolazine?(select all that apply) a. Digoxin b. Simvastatin c. Verapamil d. Amlodipine e. Nitroglycerin transdermal patch
A,B,C
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin captopril therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report because it can indicate a need to discontinue drug therapy?(select all that apply) a. Rash b. Distorted taste c. Swelling of the tongue d. Photosensitivity e. Dry cough
A,B,C,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aliskiren to treat hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the drug?(select all that apply) a. Hyperkalemia b. Throat swelling c. Constipation d. Cough e. Joint pain
A,B,D
A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving furosemide IV for peripheral edema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (select all that apply) a. Assess for tinnitus b. Report urine output 50mL/hr c. Monitor blood potassium levels d. Elevate the head of the bed slowly before ambulation e. Recommend eating a banana daily
A,C,D,E
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects that is a manifestation digoxin toxicity?(select all that apply) a. Fatigue b. Constipation c. Anorexia d. Rash e. Blurred vision
A,C,E
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina pectoris and is learning how to treat acute anginal attacks. The client asks "what is my next step if I take one tablet, wait 5 minutes, but still have anginal pain?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Take two more sublingual tablets at the same time" b. "Call the emergency response team" c. "Take a sustained-release nitroglycerin capsule" d. "Wait another 5 minutes than take a second sublingual tablet"
B
A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs is used only for short-term treatment of a cardiac dysrhythmia because of the serious adverse effects associated with long-term use? a. Quinidine b. Procainamide c. Nitroglycerin d. Verapamil
B
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for gemfibrozil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a.Take the drug with food b. Report any new intolerance to fried foods c. Report muscle tenderness d. Expect periodic liver function testing e. Take the drug once each day
B,C,D
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dobutamine. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client is receiving which of the following types of drugs?(Select all that apply) a. ACE inhibitor b. MAOI c. General anesthetic d. Tricyclic antidepressant e. Beta blocker
B,C,D,E
A nurse is planning care for a client who is has a new prescription for torsemide. The nurse should plan to monitor for which of the following conditions as potential adverse reactions of this medication? (select all that apply) a. Respiratory acidosis b. Hypokalemia c. Hypotension d. Ototoxicity e. Ventricular dysrhythmias
B,C,D,E
A nurse is assessing a client who has taken procainamide to treat dysrhythmias for the last 12 months. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following manifestations as an adverse effect of this medication?(select all that apply) a. Hypertension b. Widened QRS complex c. Narrowed QT interval d. Easy bruising e. Swollen joints
B,D,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for alirocumab to reduce cholesterol. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of alirocumab?(select all that apply) a. Muscle aches b. Vasculitis c. Hearing loss d. Urticaria e. Jaundice
B,D,E
A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypotension?(select all that apply) a. Simvastatin b. Hydrochlorothiazide c. Phenytoin d. Clonidine e. Aliskiren
B,D,E
A nurse in a provider's office is monitoring blood electrolytes for four clients who take digoxin. Which of the following electrolyte values increases a client's risk for digoxin toxicity? a. Calcium 9.2 mg/dL b. Calcium 10.3 mg/dL c. Potassium 3.4 mEq/L d. Potassium 4.8 mEq/L
C
A nurse in an acute facility is caring for a client who is receiving IV nitroprusside for hypertensive crisis. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Intestinal ileus b. Neutropenia c. Delirium d. Hyperthermia
C
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of amiodarone toxicity? a. Light yellow urine b. Report of tinnitus c. Productive cough d. Blue-gray skin discoloration
C
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for propranolol to treat a tachydysrhythmia. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following types of OTC drugs while taking propranolol? a. Antihistamines b. Potassium supplements c. NSAIDs d. Vitamin C
C
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking gemfibrozil. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this medication? a. Mental status changes b. Tremor c. Jaundice d. Pneumonia
C
A nurse is completing a nursing history for a client who takes simvastatin. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a contraindication to adding ezetimibe to the client's medications? a. History of severe constipation b. History of hypertension c. Active hepatitis C d. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
C
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Blood sodium 144 mEq/L b. Urine output 120 mL in 4 hr c. Blood potassium 5.2 mEq/L d. Blood pressure 140/90 mm Hg
C
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client who has a dysrhythmia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? a. Hold propranolol for an apical pulse greater than 100/min b. Administer propranolol to increase the client's blood pressure c. Assist the client when sitting up or standing after taking this medication d. Check for hypokalemia frequently due to the risk for propranolol toxicity
C
A nurse is caring for a client who will begin using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. When speaking to the client about the drug which of the following instructions should the nurse include?(select all that apply) a. "Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain" b. "Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap" c. "Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites" d. "Apply a new patch when you start your day" e. "Remove patches for 10-12 hours each day"
C,D,E
A nurse is caring for a client who has a glomerular filtration rate of 10mL/min and a reduced urine output. The nurse should clarify a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for this client because of which of the following characteristics of the drug? a. The drug can cause hypoglycemia in clients who have a low urine output b. The drug does not reduce blood pressure for clients who have a low urine output c. The drug can increase the risk of pulmonary edema for clients who have renal insufficiency d. The drug does not promote diuresis for clients who have renal insufficiency
D
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because it can cause the client to experience which of the following conditions? a. Tachycardia b. Dehydration c. Diarrhea d. Hypotension
D
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed isosorbide mononitrate for chronic stable angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? a. Furosemide b. Captopril c. Ranolazine d. Metoprolol
D
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking carvedilol and has a prescription for an oral antidiabetic drug to manage their new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By taking both drugs concurrently, the nurse should identify that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following conditions? a. Hyperglycemia b. Bradycardia c. Hypotension d. Hypoglycemia
D
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking digoxin and has a new prescription for colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam" b. "Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam" c. "Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam" d. "Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water"
D
