Pharmacology Final

Which two phases make up normal sleep? a. Hypnagogic and hypnopompic b. Rapid eye movement (REM) and non REM c. Alpha and beta d. Delta and theta

B) Rapid eye movement (REM) and non REM

Which intervention would be considered to reduce accumulation of a drug in a patient who has decreased liver function? a. Decreasing the time interval between dosages b. Reducing the dosage c. Administering the medication intravenously d. Changing the drug to one that has a longer half life

B) Reducing the dosage

Which life threatening illness may occur as a result of aspirin (salicylate) administration during viral illness to patients younger than 20 years of age? a. Anaphylactic shock b. Reye's syndrome c. Chickenpox d. Influenza A

B) Reye's Syndrome

Which factor(s) affect(s) drug actions? (Select all that apply.) a. Teratogenicity b. Age c. Body weight d. Metabolic rate e. Illness

B,C,D,E - Age, body weight, metabolic rate, illness

What is the most accurate way for the nurse to document the administration of two milligrams of a medication? a. Two mg b. 2.0 mg c. 2 mg d. II mg

C) 2 mg

5. The nurse administers 50 mg of a drug at 6:00 AM that has a half life of 8 hours. What time will it be when 25 mg of the drug has been eliminated from the body? a. 8:00 AM b. 11:00 AM c. 2:00 PM d. 6:00 PM

C) 2:00 PM

Lithium (Eskalith) is the drug of choice for which of the following disorders? a. Psychotic episodes b. Obsessive compulsive disorders (OCDs) c. Bipolar disorders d. Depressive disorders

C) Bipolar disorders

3. The nurse administers an initial dose of a steroid to a patient with asthma. Thirty minutes after administration, the nurse finds the patient agitated and stating that "everyone is out to get me." What is the term for this unusual reaction?

C) Idiosyncratic reaction

The nurse is explaining the use of medications to a patient with insomnia. Which statement about sedatives is true? a. A sedative will produce sleep. b. Sedatives increase the total time in REM sleep. c. Increased relaxation occurs with sedatives. d. Sedatives are more potent than hypnotics.

C) Increased relaxation occurs with sedatives

4. What is the process by which a drug is transported by circulating body fluids to receptor sites? a. Osmosis b. Distribution c. Absorption d. Biotransformation

B) Distribution

1 mg= _____ mcg

1000 mcg

75 lbs=_____ kg

34 kg

1 tsp= ____ ml

5 ml

2. The nurse assesses hives in a patient started on a new medication. What is the nurse's priority action? a. Notify physician of allergic reaction. b. Notify physician of idiosyncratic reaction. c. Notify physician of potential teratogenicity. d. Notify physician of potential tolerance.

A) Notify the physician of allergic reaction

The nurse is assessing a patient prior to discharge from same day surgery following an incisional breast biopsy. When assessing the patient's central nervous system (CNS) function following sedative hypnotic therapy, what will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Level of alertness b. Orientation c. Ability to perform motor functions d. Blood pressure e. Usual pattern of sleep

A,B,C - Level of alertness, orientation, ability to perform motor function

Which patient(s) require(s) special considerations for medication administration? (Select all that apply.) a. A 29-year-old pregnant woman b. A 2-month-old baby c. An 18-year-old college student d. A 45-year-old farmer e. An 82-year-old retired nurse

A,B,E - A 29-year-old pregnant woman, a 2-month-old baby, an 82-year-old retired nurse

The nurse is caring for an older patient recently admitted to an assisted living center who is experiencing insomnia associated with the recent relocation. At bedtime, which nursing action will assist the patient to sleep? a. Offering the patient hot tea b. Encouraging the patient to ambulate in the hallway c. Performing back massage d. Administering an analgesic

C) Performing back massage

1. The nurse is transcribing new orders written for a patient with a substance abuse history. Choose the medication ordered that has the greatest risk for abuse. a. Lomotil b. Diazepam c. Phenobarbital d. Lortab

D) Lortab