Pharmacology Prep U Chapter 18 Vaccines and Sera

The parents of an infant are skeptical of immunizing their child, stating, "I've heard a lot about the risks of autism, and I'm not comfortable with increasing that risk." What is the nurse's best response?

"Could we talk about some of the risks that you heard about?"

Which statement indicates that an older adult client correctly understands the current recommendations concerning tetanus-diphtheria booster vaccinations?

"I know that this booster is good for 10 years."

A primiparous woman tells the nurse that she and her partner are highly reluctant to have their infant vaccinated, stating, "We've read that vaccines can potentially cause a lot of harm, so we're not sure we want to take that risk." How should the nurse respond to this family's concerns?

"Vaccinations are not without some risks, but these are far exceeded by the potential benefits."

The nurse is working with an 18-year-old client who recently immigrated and who did not receive childhood immunizations. The client is "catching up" on immunizations and is scheduled to receive a measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine today. What should the nurse teach the client about potential adverse effects?

"You might feel a bit unwell or get a slight fever after receiving your immunization."

A client prescribed prednisone 40 mg daily should be provided what information about immunizations by the nurse?

"You should wait at least 3 months after chemotherapy to obtain a live vaccine immunization."

A nurse should screen clients of child-bearing age for pregnancy as the administration of which vaccines is contraindicated during pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)

* Varicella * Measles * Mumps * Rubella

A 15-year-old male client comes to the health care provider's office. Assuming that he received all of his primary immunizations as an infant and young child, what immunization would the nurse expect the provider to order? (Select all that apply.)

*A second dose of varicella vaccine *A tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis booster

Which is an example of naturally acquired active immunity? (Select all that apply.)

*An individual who is exposed to chickenpox for the first time and has no immunity to the disease. *An individual who is exposed to pertussis for the first time and has no immunity to the disease.

Vaccines containing live organisms are not administered to clients taking which drugs as insufficient numbers of antibodies are produced to prevent the disease because these drugs suppress the immune system? (Select all that apply.)

*Methylprednisolone (Medrol) *Prednisolone (Orapred) *Paclitaxel (Taxol) *Vincristine (Oncovin)

A mother brings her 18-month-old into the clinic for a well-baby check-up. A nurse will administer measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) to the 18-month-old. What dosage will the nurse administer?

0.5 mL IM

The client has been on a systemic corticosteroid for the last 3 weeks. How long should the client wait before receiving a live virus vaccine?

3 months

The nurse is working in a clinic which is providing the annual influenza A vaccine for staff and residents of a large long-term care facility. For which client would the vaccine most likely be unsafe?

A resident who received four units of packed red blood cells for a gastrointestinal bleed three weeks ago

A client has been exposed to hepatitis A after eating at a restaurant. The client's care provider has prescribed a dose of hepatitis A immune globulin. the nurse learns that the client has a history of chronic renal failure and successfully received a donor kidney three years ago. What is the nurse's best action?

Administer the immune globulin as prescribed

A group of students are role-playing scenarios involving biological weapon exposure. Which medication would the students identify as using for a client with cutaneous anthrax?

Ciprofloxacin

A client who was bitten by a pit viper is to receive antivenin. What is the nurse's best action?

Establish IV access

An adult client received the annual influenza vaccine yesterday afternoon and has now presented back to the clinic reporting malaise. The client's oral temperature is 37.4°C (99.3°F). What is the nurse's best action?

Explain that vaccines often cause a mild immune response and have the client self-monitor

Serum sickness results from the overuse of vaccines.

False

The nurse is teaching a course to students about immunologic agents. In order for the students to understand active immunity, the nurse explains that there are agents that provide active immunity. Which is an active immunity agent?

Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate

The perinatal nurse recognizes that what vaccine can be safely given to a neonate?

Hepatitis B

A client is undergoing a yearly physical. While discussing immunizations, the client states not wanting any immunizations because they can cause diseases. The nurse's best response is:

Immunizing agents are quite safe, and risks of the diseases they prevent are greater than the risks of the vaccines.

A client is to receive a typhoid vaccine. The nurse would prepare to administer this vaccine in which site?

Into the fatty tissue of the upper arm

An infant is being administered an immunization. Which statement provides an accurate description of an immunization?

It is the administration of an antigen for an antibody response.

A nurse is preparing a presentation to a local community group about biological weapons. The nurse would identify which disease as lacking an available vaccine?

Plague

Which agent would the nurse expect to administer to a pregnant woman to prevent Rh factor sensitization?

RHO immune globulin

The school nurse is participating in a program to immunize students against human papillomavirus (HPV). What benefit should the nurse describe to students and their families?

Reduced risk for cervical cancer

A patient develops fever and arthralgia 4 days after the administration of tetanus toxoid. What reaction to the vaccine is this?

Serum sickness

Middle aged adults and health care workers should receive which immunizations?

Tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis; hepatitis B vaccine once and influenza vaccine annually

After teaching a group of students about the standard childhood immunizations given today, the instructor determines that the students need additional teaching when they identify which as a common disease for which immunizations are given?

Tuberculosis

To prevent meningococcal infections, the nurse would administer:

Vaccine

When describing the use of vaccines to a local community group, what would the nurse include?

Vaccines are used to provide active immunity.

Which statement best describes the recommended vaccination schedule for a 63-year-old client?

a tetanus-diphtheria booster every 10 years, annual influenza vaccine, and a one-time administration of pneumococcal vaccine at 65 years of age

A female health care worker has received her annual influenza vaccination and has remained at the clinic after administration so that the nurse may observe for adverse reactions. The worker reports pain at the site of IM injection. What should the nurse recommend?

acetaminophen

A client receives an immunization. The nurse interprets this as providing the client with which type of immunity?

artificially acquired active immunity

A client is scheduled to receive an immunization. In which client may the administration of a live vaccine be contraindicated?

client taking steroid therapy

A 1-year-old child will receive her scheduled MMR vaccination shortly. The nurse should teach the child's parents that the child may develop what possible adverse effect related to the administration of this medication?

cough and fever

A nurse is administering a mumps vaccine to an adolescent. Which medication should be available when administering an immunization?

epinephrine

Middle-aged adults and health care workers should receive which collection of immunizations?

tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis, hepatitis B vaccine once, and influenza vaccine annually

What is the best source for current recommendations concerning vaccination guidelines?

the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

A client being vaccinated for measles asks the nurse about the contents of the vaccine. During the explanation, the nurse mentions a poisonous substance produced by some bacteria that is capable of stimulating antitoxin production. Which is the nurse referring to in the explanation?

toxin

A 70-year-old client is seen in the family practice clinic. Which vaccine should be administered to prevent herpes zoster?

zoster vaccine