Pharmacology: Quiz 7

The physician has ordered intravenous (IV) phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse does not read the drug label and administers the medication intramuscularly (IM). What is the most likely response in the client?

Local tissue damage following extravasation will most likely occur

A client recently diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed clonazepam (Klonopin), buspirone (BuSpar), and citalopram (Celexa). Which assessment related to the concurrent use of these medications is most important? Monitor for:

changes in mental status, diaphoresis, tachycardia, and tremor

A hospitalized client is started on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil) for the treatment of depression. The nurse instructs the client to avoid consuming which foods while taking this medication? (Select all that apply.)

greek lowfat yogurt bleu cheese chunks figs antipasto salad with aged parmesan dressing Reason: The client should avoid taking in foods that are high in tyramine.

A client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder is placed on clonazepam (Klonopin) and buspirone (BuSpar). Which client statement indicates teaching has been effective? The client verbalizes that:

lonazepam (Klonopin) is to be used short-term until the buspirone (BuSpar) takes full effect

In which situation would benzodiazepines be prescribed appropriately?

short-term treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, alcohol withdrawal, tonic/clonic seizures,and preoperative sedation

The client has epilepsy and receives phenytoin (Dilantin). The client has been seizure-free, and asks the nurse why he still needs blood tests when he is not having seizures. What is the best response by the nurse?

"Because phenytoin (Dilantin) has a very narrow range between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose."

Fluoxetine (Prozac) is prescribed for the client. The nurse reinforces instructions to the client regarding the administration of the medication. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding about administration of the medication?

"I should take the medication in the morning when I first arise."

Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) is prescribed for a client to treat muscle spasms, and the nurse is reviewing the client's record. Which of the following disorders, if noted in the client's record, would indicate a need to contact the health care provider regarding the administration of this medication?

Glaucoma

Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is prescribed for a client experiencing flexor spasms, and the client asks the nurse about the action of the medication. The nurse responds, knowing that the therapeutic action of this medication is which of the following?

Acts directly on the skeletal muscle to relieve spasticity

A client receiving the tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline (Elavil) arrives at the mental health clinic. Which observation indicates that the client is correctly following the medication plan?

Arrives at the clinic neat and appropriate in appearance

Baclofen (Lioresal) is prescribed for the client with multiple sclerosis. The nurse assists in planning care, knowing that the primary therapeutic effect of this medication is which of the following?

Decreased muscle spasms

A nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal) for side effects related to the medication. Which of the following would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?

Drowsiness

The client is receiving phenobarbital (Luminal) for seizure control. The client asks the nurse how this little pill can stop his seizures. What is the best response by the nurse?

Phenobarbital (Luminal) stops your seizures by increasing a chemical called GABA that calms down the excitability in your brain."

A client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that he has been doubling his daily dosage of bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) to help him get better faster. The nurse understands that the client is now at risk for which of the following?

Seizure activity

The client has been receiving escitalopram (Lexapro) for treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Unknown to the nurse, the client has also been self-medicating with St. John's wort. The client comes to the office with symptoms of hyperthermia and diaphoresis. Which statement best describes the result of the nurse's assessment?

The client has combined two antidepressant medications and is experiencing serotonin syndrome.

The client is receiving escitalopram (Lexapro) for treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. The client asks the nurse "I am just nervous, not depressed. Why am I taking an antidepressant medicine?" What is the best response by the nurse?

The same brain chemicals are involved with anxiety as well as depression, and these medications are safer."

Which of the following common adverse effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) would be stressed by the nurse during patient discharge?

Weight gain and sexual dysfunction

A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which laboratory result would indicate that the client is experiencing an adverse reaction to the medication?

White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3