Pharmacology Test #1
The nurse administers a medication to a client, and 30 minutes later the client tells the nurse that he is starting to itch. The nurse notes a red rash over the client's body. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Notify the HCP immediately
The nurse caring for clients in the hospital setting asks the clients if they take any herbal supplements or homeopathic remedies. Why is this information important
To prevent drug interactions with prescribed medications
A client taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) reports vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blurred vision, tinnitus, and tremors. The lithium level is checked as a part of the routine follow-up and the level is 3.0 mEq/L. The nurse knows that this level is:
Toxic
A client arrives at the health care clinic and tells the nurse that he has been doubling his daily dosage of bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) to help him get better faster. The nurse understands that the client is now at risk for which of the following?
Increased adverse effect such as seizure activity
The client diagnosed with Meniere's disease, also known as endolymphatic hydrops, is prescribed meclizine (Antivert), and antivertigo medication. Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for this medication?
It will help decrease the whirling sensation experienced in Meniere's disease
Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is prescribed for a client with Parkinson's disease, and the nurse monitors the client for adverse reactions to the medication. Which of the following indicates that the client is experiencing and adverse reaction?
Impaired voluntary movements
Fluoxetine (Prozac) is prescribed for the client. The nurse reinforces instructions to the client regarding the administration of the medication. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding about administration of the medication?
"I should take the medication in the morning when I first arise."
The client with glaucoma is prescribed epinephrine (Epitrate), mydriatic ophthalmic drops. Which statement indicates the client understands the client teaching?
"I will call my HCP if I start experiencing any eye pain."
Phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg orally three times daily, has been prescribed for a client for seizure control. The nurse reinforces instructions regarding the medication to the client. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
"I will use a soft toothbrush to brush my teeth"
A client with acute muscle spasms has been taking baclofen (Lioresal). The client calls the clinic nurse because of continuous feelings of weakness and fatigue and asks the nurse about discontinuing the medication. The nurse should make which appropriate response to the client?
"Weakness and fatigue commonly occur and will diminish with continued medication use."
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies on a client receiving dantrolene sodium (Dantrium). Which laboratory test would identify an adverse effect associated with the administration of this medication?
Liver function tests
If a nurse is unfamiliar with a medication, its actions, interactions, adverse reactions, and nursing considerations the appropriate nursing action is to:
Look it up!
A client taking buspirone (Buspar) for 1 month returns to the clinic for a follow-up visit. Which of the following would indicate medication effectiveness?
No rapid heartbeats or anxiety
The nurse is placing a transdermal nicotine patch on a client. How long are most transdermal patches effective?
12 hours to 30 days
Match the Route of Administration to its absorbtion time: PO (ingestion) Subcutaneous Intramuscular (IM) Intravenous (IV) Transdermal (Topical) Sublingual Inhalation/Endotracheal Rectal
30-90 minutes 15-30 minutes 10-20 minutes 30-60 seconds variable (minutes to hours) 3-5 minutes 2-3 minutes 5-30 minutes
Match the prefix to its drug classification/use: Prils Sartans Triptans Prazoles Azoles Olols, alols, ilols Dipines Tidines Zepams or zolams Statins Nibs, mabs, setrons, afils, cillins, floxacins
ACE inhibitors - hypertension, CHF ARBS - (angiotensin receptor blockers) - Hypertension, CHF Serotonin agonists - migraine Proton Pump Inhibitors - GERD (gastrointestinal reflux disease) antifungal drugs Beta blockers - CHF, MI, tachycardia Calcium channel blockers - hypertension H2 blockers - GERD Benzodiazepines - Anxiety Lower LDL cholesterol, anti-inflammatory Antibiotics
Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is prescribed for a client experiencing flexor spasms, and the client asks the nurse about the action of the medication. The nurse responds, knowing that the therapeutic action of this medication is which of the following?
Acts directly on the skeletal muscle to relieve spasticity
The client is receiving an eye drop and an eye ointment to the right eye. The nurse should:
Administer eye drop first, followed by the ointment
The nurse is about to administer a Category C drug to a pregnant client. Which of the following describes this FDA category of risk potential during pregnancy?
Animal studies show adverse affects but there are no adequate studies in humans.
A client receiving a tricyclic antidepressant arrives at the mental health clinic. Which observation indicates that the client is correctly following the medication plan?
Arrives at the clinic neat and appropriate in appearance
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal). Which of the following would the nurse include in the instructions?
Avoid the use of alcohol
A client has been prescribed a barbiturate for control of seizures. Which of the following must the nurse keep in mind when monitoring the client?
Client may have frequent mood changes
A client with an upper respiratory tract infection has been prescribed an antibiotic that the nurse is not familiar with. Which of the following should the nurse caring for the client do if she is not familiar with the new medication?
Collect information about the new medication
A nurse is collecting data from a client and the client is taking donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept). Which disorder would the nurse suspect that this client may have based on the use of this medication?
Dementia
A nurse is monitoring a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal) for side effects related to the medication. Which of the following would indicate that the client is experiencing a side effect?
Drowsiness
A client has been prescribed a medication that has a sedative effect. What time of the day is best for the client to take the medication
Early evening
A hospitalized client is started on phenelzine sulfate (Nardil) an MAOI for the treatment of depression. The nurse instructs the client to avoid consuming which foods while taking this medication?
Figs, red wine, and aged cheese
A nurse is performing a follow-up teaching session with a client discharged 1 month ago who is taking fluoxetine (Prozac). What information would be important for the nurse to gather regarding the adverse effects related to the medication?
Gastrointestinal dysfunctions
The nurse dispensing medications to clients knows that medications have various names. Which medication name is considered the "best" name to use as a health care professional?
Generic name
Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) is prescribed for a client to treat muscle spasms, and the nurse is reviewing the client's record. Which of the following disorders, if noted in the client's record, would indicate a need to contact the health care provider regarding the administration of the medication?
Glaucoma
A client with myasthenia gravis becomes increasingly weak. The health care provider prepares to identify whether the client is reacting to an overdose of the medication (cholinergic crisis) or increasing severity of the disease (myasthenic crisis). An injection of edrophonium (Tensilon) is administered. Which of the following indicates the client is in cholinergic crisis?
Has no effcet or causes a temporary worsening of the condition
A 70-year-old female client with chronic asthma is prescribed steroid therapy. Which of the following possible adverse effects of long-term therapy should the nurse discuss with the client and family?
Hyperglycemia
A client with myasthenia gravis is suspected of having cholinergic crisis. Which of the following indicate that this crisis exists?
Hypotension
The nurse is providing instruction to a client who will be self-administering eye drops. To minimize the systemic effects the eye drops can produce, the client is instructed to:
Occlude the nasolacrimal duct with a finger over the inner canthus for 30 to 60 seconds after instilling the drops
The nurse administering medications knows that controlled substances must be managed carefully. Which of the following accurately describes the procedure for managing these drugs?
Only licensed nurses are allowed to access schedule drugs
A nurse is administering medication to a client. Which of the following requests by the client is a right of the client that the nurse should accept?
Replacement of the medication with its generic form
A nurse is reviewing the record of a client who has been prescribed baclofen (Lioresal). Which of the following disorders, if noted in the client's history, would alert the nurse to contact the health care provider?
Seizure disorders
A client is receiving acetylcysteine (Mucomyst), 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. The nurse should have which item available for possible use after giving the medication?
Suction equipment
Match the Duration of Action with its abreviation: SR CR CD ER XL LA DS HS
Sustained Release Controlled Release Controlled Dosage Extended Release Extended Length Long Acting Double Strength Half Strength
A client has a prescription to take guaifenesin (Humibid) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the client understands the most effective use of the medication if the client states that he or she will:
Take the tablet with a full glass of water
Which action indicates the nurse needs more teaching when administering a transdermal medication to a client?
The nurse applies the transdermal patch to a dry, hairy area
A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has been taking clozapine (Clozaril) for the treatment of a schizophrenic disorder. Which laboratory study prescribed for the client will the nurse specifically review to monitor for an adverse effect associated with the use of this medication?
White blood cell count
The client diagnosed with pneumonia is admitted to the medical unit. The nurse notes the client is taking an antidepressant medication. Which data best indicates the antidepressant therapy is effective?
The client reports a 2 on a 1-10 scale, with 10 being very depressed.
The nurse is teaching a client about the medications prescribed by the physician. Which of the following should the nurse state as the reason for not crushing an enteric-coated tablet into a powder?
The medication irritates the stomach mucosa
A licensed nurse in a long-term care facility is in charge of the narcotics cabinet. Which of the following must the nurse ensure when going off duty?
The oncoming and outgoing nurse should count the number of remaining narcotic drugs
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures. During data collection, the nurse notes that the client is taking birth control pills. Which of the following information should the nurse provide to the client?
The potential for decrease effectiveness of the birth control pills exists while taking phenytoin (Dilantin)
The client diagnosed with a stroke has been prescribed phenytoin (Dilantin), an anitconvulsant. Which statement explains the scientific rationale for prescribing this medication
The stroke caused damage to the brain tissue that could result in seizures
A client with trigeminal neuralgia is being treated with carbamazepine (Tegretol). Which laboratory result would indicate that the client is experiencing and adverse reaction to the medication?
White blood cell count, 3000 cells/mm3
A 45-year-old male client tells the nurse that he has not slept through the night for the past 2 weeks. Which of the following drugs might the physician prescribe for this client?
eszopiclone (Lunesta
The HCP is preparing to suture a laceration on the client's right hand. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client?
"Do you have any allergies?
