PHI 231 Final Exam
If you conduct is legal, it will also be moral
False
If your conduct is legal, it will also be moral
False
Immanuel Kant believed that it is only when we act out of feeling or sentiment that our actions have moral worth.
False
In business and elsewhere, your only moral obligation is to act within the law
False
Rules of etiquette are always moral rules
False
Socialism is an economic system characterized by public ownership of property and a planned economy
False
The business-can't-handle-it argument is an argument in favor of a broad view of corporate responsibility
False
nonconsequentialist theories of ethics never consider the consequences of an action or rule when making a moral judgment
False
According to utilitarian theory, an action is morally right if and only if
It maximizes total, net happiness
Which of the following characteristics distinguish moral standards from other sorts of standards?
Moral standards take priority over other standard, including self-interest
A prima facie obligation is an obligation that can be overridden by a more important obligation.
True
According to "maximin" rule, you should select the alternative under which the worst that could happen to you is better than the worst that could happen to you under any other alternative
True
According to John Rawls, people in the original position do not know what social position or status they hold in society
True
According to Marx, when workers are alienated hey are not truly free
True
According to Robert Nozick, the basic moral rights possessed by all human beings are both negative and naturla
True
According to libertarianism, liberty is the prime value, and justice consists in permitting each to live as he or she pleases, free from the interference of others
True
Adherents of the broad view of corporate responsibility claim tat modern business is intimately integrated with the rest of society and that, as a result, although society expects business to pursue its economic interests, business has other responsibilities as well.
True
An argument is a group of statements, one of which is claimed to follow from the others.
True
An organization is a group of people working together to achieve a common purpse
True
Basically there are four kinds of law, statutes, regulations, common law, and constitutional law
True
Be "maxim," Immanuel Kant meant the subjective principle of an action, the principle that people in effect formulate in determining their conduct
True
Business ethics is the study of what constitutes right and wrong, or good and bad, human conduct in a business context
True
Distributive justice concerns the morally proper distribution of soial benefits and burdens
True
Ethical Relativism is the theory that what is right is determined by what a culture or society says it right.
True
Government programs often subsidize American businesses and protect them from competition
True
In ethics normative theories propose some principle or principles for distinguishing right actions from wrong actions
True
In theory and practice, law codifies customs, ideals, beliefs, and a society's moral value
True
John Rawl's second principle of justice states that insofar as inequalities are permitted -- these positions must be open to all.
True
Justice is frequently held to require that our treatment of people reflect their fundamental moral equality
True
Libertarians would find it immoral and unjust to coerce people to give food or money to the starving
True
Moral standards concern behavior that can be serious consequence to human welfare
True
Our conscience evolved as we internalized the moral instruction of the parents or other authority figures who raised us as children
True
Outsourcing is a practice where companies buy parts or whole products from other producers, both at home and abroad
True
Pleasure is the one thing that is intrinsically good or worthwhile
True
Socialism is an economic system characterized by public ownership of the means of production and distribution, and a planned economy
True
The connection between rights and duties is that, generally speaking, if you have a right to do something, then someones else has a correlative duty to act in a certain way.
True
When utilitarian like Jeremy Bentham advocates "the greatest happiness for he greatest number," we must consider unhappiness or pain as well as happiness
True
in ethics normative theories propose some principle of principles for distinguishing right actions from wrong actions
True
the connection between rights and duties is that, generally speaking, if you have a right to do something, then someone else has a correlative duty to act in a certain way
True
A key idea of Immanuel Kant's ethical theory is that
We should treat people as ends in themselves, never merely as means.
Ethical Relativism is the theory that
What is morally right is what society says its morally right
According to Immanuel Kant, moral reasoning is based on factual knowledge
False
All moral rights are legal rights
False
An argument is valid only if all its premises are true
False
Capital is that money that is invested for the purpose of making more money
False
According to Chapter One
-It's not true that morality must be based on religion - All sound arguments are valid arguments -Moral standards typically concern behavior that can be of serious consequences to human welfare
Kant believed that we should always act
All of the above
Consequentialism
States that the moral rightness of an action is determied solely by its results
"Limited liability" means that members of a corporation are financially liable for corporate debts only up to the extent of their investments
True
Morality and self-interest
are in basic, irreconcilable conflict
Good moral judgments should be logical and
based on facts and acceptable moral principles
Immanuel Kant
believed that reason by itself can reveal the basic principles of morality
Talk of justice and injustice involves appeals to the relation notions of
fairness, equality, desert
Accepting a moral principle
generally involves a desire to follow that principle for its own sake
The Divice Command Theory implies that
god forbids stealing because stealing is wrong
According to utilitarian theory, an action is morally right if and only if
it maximizes total, net happiness
If an argument it valid, then
its conclusion must be true, if its premises are
According to John Rawls, people in "the original position" choose the principles of justice on the basis of
self-interest
Externalities are
unintended side-effects
According to W.D. Ross's theory
we have various moral duties that can't be reduced to a sinlgle overarching obligation
A key idea of Immanuel Kant's ethical theory is that
we should treat people as ends in themselves, never merely as means.
