Phlebotomy Ch. 2
Proper patient identification includes a. actively involving patients in their own identification b. asking a second person to verify your ID procedure c. checking the requisition against the patient's room number d. scanning patient ID bands with barcode readers only
a. actively involving patients in their own identification
The statute of limitations timing can begin a. on the day the negligent act took place b. the first day in a series of medical treatments c. the first day of consulting with a lawyer d. a month after the injury was discovered
a. on the day the negligent act took place
What form is can also be described as an audit trail?
an occurrence form
a sentinel event (se) is ...
any unfavorable event that is unexpected and results in death or serious physical of psychological injury
What is assault?
assault is the act or threat causing another to be in immediate fear of battery
A delta check refers to ... a. checking the wristband with the requisition b. comparing current test results with previous ones c. documenting all of the results of the QC checks d. reporting new infection control precautions
b. comparing current test results with previous ones
CLIA '88 categorizes certificates for laboratories according to a. quality control standards b. complexity of testing performed by the laboratory c. neither of the options
b. complexity of testing performed by the laboratory answer is NOT A because CLIA regulations were created to establish quality standards but the certificates are given based on complexity of testing
Which of the following can identify trends for risk management? a. delta checks b. incident reports c. safety data sheets d. test menus
b. incident reports
Informed consent means that a ... a. nurse has the right to perform a procedure on a patient even if the patient refuses b. patient agrees to a procedure after being told of the consequences associated with it c. patients has the right to look at all his or her medical records and test results d. phlebotomist tells the patient why the test is ordered and the meaning of the results
b. patient agrees to a procedure after being told the consequences associated with it
Which of the following are set up to monitor all areas of care that tend to cause problems? a. internal report forms b. quality indicators c. sentinel events d. threshold values
b. quality indicators
A national organization that develops guidelines and sets standards for laboratory procedures is the ______ a. CAP b. CLIAC c. CLSI d. NAACLS
c. CLSI
The CLIA federal regulations are administered by a. CAP b. CLSI c. CMS d. CoW
c. CMS
What do delta checks do?
compares current results if a laboratory test with previous results for the same test on the same patient
You must obtain _______ from a patient before proceeding to attempt a phlebotomy procedure. Their consent will be _______ (Yes, Ok, sure, go ahead) or ______ (extends their arm).
consent, expressed, implied
What is the most critical aspect of phlebotomy?
identification of a patient
Internal reports become part of a _____ record. They need to remain _____ . No _____ should be part of the form.
legal, factual, suggestions
Doing something that a reasonable person would not do, or not doing something that a reasonable person would do is also called _________
negligence
What areas of phlebotomy are subject to QA (quality assurance)
patient preparation, specimen collection, and delta checks
The ______ ________ provides written policy and procedure in regard to every test or procedure performed by the lab staff.
procedure manual
When an individual has a right to refuse medical care and procedures, this is called ....
refusal of consent
______ is an internal process focused on identifying and minimizing situations that pose risk to patients and employees
risk management
Sharing ________ can be necessary to communicate information about a patient with another lab staff or medical staff. (Patient has a good median cubital vein on the R side. I missed the L basilic)
site criteria
The Joint Commission (TJC)'s mission is to continuously improve healthcare for the public, in collaboration with other _________, by evaluating healthcare organizations and inspiring them to excel in providing ______ and _______ care of the highest _______ and ________ .
stakeholders, safe and effective, quality and value
Consent for minors can only be approved by ...
the parent or guardian's consent on behalf of the minor child
If the phlebotomist has a question related to a patient, who or what should they refer the question to?
the physician or nurse
In the event that a phlebotomist is unfamiliar with a test, who or what should they refer to for help?
the procedure manual
the normal level of skill and care that a healthcare practitioner would be expected to adhere to in providing due care for patients is called ______
the standard of care
Invasion of privacy is...
the violation of one's right to be left alone
What do confidential incident and occurrence reports identify?
these forms identify the problem, states the consequence, and describes the corrective action
Most common civil action in healthcare deals with ________
tort law
True or False: HIPAA violations can lead to personal civil lawsuits AND government agency fines AND jail time.
true
Expressed consent can be given ______ or in _______
verbally, writing
Informed Consent implies ______ or _______ permission for a medical procedure, test, or medication
voluntary, competent
The definition of a minor is anyone _______
who is not the age of majority
When talking about implied consent, actions or circumstances imply consent ______ verbal or written consent. Examples of this would be: __________ or __________
without, Arm extended or patient unconscious
Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is ...
a system put in place to improve quality by continuous monitoring and analyzing all processes (including personnel involved in those processes) and identifying those processes that need improvement
What is threshold data?
A level of care beyond which quality cannot be assured
What is malpractice?
A type of negligence committed BY A PROFFESIONAL
Tort is ...
A wrongful act committed against a person. A tort is generally defined as a civil wrong which causes an injury, for which a victim may seek damages, typically in the form of money damages, against the alleged wrongdoer.
What is CLIA '88 ?
CLIA '88 stands for Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendment of 1988. CLIA are federal regulations passed by congress that establish quality standards for labs in the U.S. The aim is to ensure accuracy, consistency and reliability of patient test results regardless of location, size or type of laboratory.
What does CLSI stand for, describe what it is, and state their mission.
CLSI means Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. CLSI is a global, non-profit standards developing organization. Their mission is to develop clinical and laboratory practices and promote their use worldwide.
_________ assists CLIA '88 with administering regulations, quality assurance, quality control, and more
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Advisory Committee (CLIAC)
What is negligence?
Failure to exercise due care - commonly known as the reasonable person standard
What is battery?
Intentional harmful or offensive touching
Tort law is ...
Medical malpractice, or negligence law
Must battery always follow assault?
No, however the victim must believe the ability to carry out the threat is there
What is the difference between QA (quality assurance) and QC (quality control)?
QA is a program or process that is deigned to prevent problems in the future by evaluating present and past performance. QC is a COMPONENT of a QA program and is used by the lab to prevent problems before results are released.
What is Quality Assurance (QA)?
Quality Assurance is a program designed to guarantee quality service & processes used to create standardization of service. QA takes a broad look forward and backward to prevent problems; (2nd definition not from BAMA) defined as a program that guarantees quality patient care, by tracking the outcomes through scheduled audits. QA includes appropriateness, applicability and timeliness of patient care.
What is Quality Control (QC)?
Quality Control (QC) is a component of QA (Quality Assurance) that deals with specific activities and techniques that are performed to deliver a service or product. Every day, ongoing and everyone's responsibility
If a phlebotomist is wondering, "Which test tube should I use for this test? How many times should I invert it?" Who or what should they refer to for help?
Refer to the manual
If a phlebotomist is wondering, "This patient was not fasting but should have been. The patient has had a double mastectomy, where do I draw the blood from?" Who or what should they refer to for help?
Refer to the physician
What is SAFER and who implemented it?
SAFER stands for Survey Analysis For Evaluating Risk. It was implemented by TJC (The Joint Commission) to identify and communicate risk levels connected with deficiencies found during site surveys
The standard of care is associated with which healthcare organization?
TJC aka The Joint Commission
What is The Joint Commission (TJC)?
The oldest and largest standard setting body in healthcare. TJC continuously strives to improve healthcare for the public. It is a non profit organization commonly associated with "The Standard of Care"
True or False: HIV Consent laws specify exactly what type of information must be given to inform the client properly, and the client must be advised concerning the test, its purpose, how the test might be used, and the meaning of the test and its limitations
True
True or False: Refusal of consent is normally required to be verified in writing by the patient
True
TJC accredited and certified healthcare organizations receive ________
a Gold Seal of Approval given when they pass an on-site evaluation
A young adults comes to an outpatient lab to have his blood drawn. The phlebotomist refuses to draw this patient's blood because the patient a. does not have insurance, but offers to pay cash b. has never had his blood drawn before this time c. has not reached the age of majority in the state d. has not eaten breakfast and feels lightheaded
c. has not reached the age of majority in the state
Blood culture contamination is a quality indicator for the a. environmental services area b. infection control department c. microbiology department d. specimen processing area
c. microbiology department
Failure to exercise due care is ... a. assault and battery b. invasion of privacy c. negligence d. res ipsa loquitur
c. negligence
The NPSGs are a. CLSI's voluntary standards and guidelines b. NAACLS national educational guidelines c. Safety rules set down by CDC and OSHA d. TJC's annual safety requirement goals
d. TJC's annual safety requirement goals
Which of the following is the oldest and largest healthcare standards-setting body in the nation? a. American Medical Association b. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services c. College of American Pathologists d. The Joint Commission
d. The Joint Commission
Which manual describes the necessary steps to follow in patient preparation for laboratory tests? a. the patient record b. the procedure manual c. the safety manual d. the test catalog
d. the test catalog
A physician is sued for negligence due to the actions of an inexperienced, contracted phlebotomist hired to cover summer vacations. This is an example of a. assault and battery b. res ipsa loquitur c. the statute of limitations d. vicarious liability
d. vicarious liability
The level of care that a person with ordinary intelligence and good sense would exercise under the oven circumstances is the definition of ______
due care
Quality Control (QC) is ______ job! If something is out of date, _______ it. If something seems wrong, _____ use it! Report any suspect equipment or supplies ______!
everyone's, report, do not, immediately
Labeling of a patient specimen must be _____
exact
True or False: Minors can give consent for themselves for the administration of medical treatment
false
