Photosynthesis

Why is the series of reactions in the Calvin cycle called a "cycle"?

It is because it continues on and on, it uses the same materials, in the same order, it repeats itself, and it uses some of the left over products.

Why are leaves green?

It is because of chloroplasts, the organelle where photosynthesis.

On diagram 5, fill in the labels with the following descriptions to show the connections between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Left side, Top to bottom: ATP, NADPH, O2, Right side, top to bottom: CO2, G3P

On diagram 2, fill in the labels with the following descriptions. Some of the objects have multiple labels.

Left to right, Top row: Water, Carbon Dioxide, Light energy, Carbohydrates, oxygen. Bottom row, Left to right: Electron donor, Electron acceptor, G3P

Which of the following statements best explains how the energy in a photon of light is stored in a molecule of the sugar G3P?

Light energy energizes electrons to make ATP and NADPH, which provide energy to produce G3P in the calvin cycle.

What two molecules bring chemical energy from the light reactions to the next stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle?

1) ATP 2) NDPH

At the end of the electron transport chain, where is the light energy that was absorbed and converted by chlorophyll stored? List two answers.

1) Chlorophyll of PSI 2) ATP Synthase

Describe how ATP is produced in the light reactions.

A electron goes through PSII then goes to the cytochrome complex then to PSI to which it goes to the ATP synthase.

Phase 3, Description

A large set of reactions use the other five molecules of G3P and energy from three molecules of ATP to produce three molecules of RuBP.

How does a plant increase its biomass?

A plant increases its biomass through the formation of new organic molecules.

Describe how the proton(H+) gradient is used to make ATP.

ADP and Pi get added together while adding the H+ that is exiting the ATP synthase to make ATP.

Complete the following sentence. Photosynthesis is a set of __________ in which_______ energy is converted to ________ energy.

Blank 1: Chemical reactions, Blank 2: Light, Blank 3: Chemical.

Complete the following sentence based on diagram 11. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) can be used by plant cells to make _________ and ________.

Blank 1: Sucrose Blank 2: Starch

(Diagram 8) Phase 1, Description

In organic carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide from the air, is incorporated into organic molecules, a process known as carbon fixation.

At the end of the Calvin cycle, what molecules have the energy that originally came from light?

NADPH and ATP

Label diagram 7 with three phases of the Calvin cycle.

Phase 1: Fixation Phase 2: Reduction Phase 3: Regeneration

In what plant structure does photosynthesis occur? Make your description as specific as you can.

Photosynthesis takes place inside plant cells in small things called Chloroplasts.

Which of the following kinds of organisms so photosynthesis? Plants, Fungi, Animals, Algae, All bacteria, Some bacteria.

Plants, Algae, and some bacteria.

Cytochrome Complex

Q: What is happening with matter? A: H+ enters through it, while the chlorophyll from the last part enters. Q: What is happening with energy? A: The energy gets spent bringing the H+

PSII

Q: What is happening with matter? A: Photons enter and go to the chlorophyll, water also enters and goes to the chlorophyll, from there it moves on. Q: What is happening with energy? A: The energy is transferring further into the reaction.

PSI

Q: What is happening with matter? A: Photons enter the chlorophyll. Q: What is happening with energy? A: Gets spent sending the chlorophyll out.

which molecule in diagram 11 is stored in the plant for later use as an energy source?

Starch

Which molecule in diagram 11 is used to transport energy to other parts of the plant?

Sucrose

Describe the path of an electron from a molecule of water to the sugar G3P.

The electron from a molecule of water goes with H+ to the ATP Synthase, to which it joins the sugar G3P.

(Diagram 8) Phase 1, What enzyme catalyzes the reaction in this phase?

The enzyme rubisco catalyzes the reaction.

what is the function of the photosystem?

The function is that it transforms light energy to chemical energy.

Phase 2, Description

The organic molecules accept electrons, a process known as reduction.

What is the overall purpose of photosynthesis?

The overall purpose is to capture light energy from the sun and convert it to chemical energy in a series of reactions.

Based on everything you've learned from the animations, what is the overall purpose of photosynthesis?

The overall purpose is to help feed and keep the plants alive.

When three molecules of carbon dioxide (Co2) react with three molecules of RuBP during the Calvin cycle, six molecules of the sugar G3P are produced. One G3P molecule exits the Calvin cycle during phase 2. What happens to the other five G3P molecules?

The remaining five G3P molecules help ATP change into 3ADP and 3Pi before continuing on with the process to make 3RuBP.

What structure is used to transport organic molecules from the leaf to other other parts of the plant?

The vascular bundle is used to transport organic molecules from the leaf to other parts of the plant.

Describe how oxygen gas (O2) is produced during photosynthesis. Include the specific structures in the plant where the reaction occurs.

While the tree takes in energy from the sun, water and carbon dioxide form carbohydrates which over time releases oxygen.

On diagram 1, fill in the labels with photosynthesis's main inputs of matter and energy.

top three, left to right: Sun, Carbohydrates, Oxygen. Bottom two, Left to right: Water, Carbon Dioxide.