PHSC 1310

A 5-k shark swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish swimming TOWARDS it at 4 m/s. The speed of the shark after this meal is A. 1/6 m/s B. 1/5 m/s C. 1/2 m/s D. 2/3 m/s E. 3/2 m/s

A. 1/6 m/s

Airplane flight best illustrates A. Bernoulli's principle B. Archimedes' principle C. Boyle's law D. Pascal's principle

A. Bernoulli's principle

Which of these atoms has the most mass? A. Uranium B. lead C. iron D. hydrogen E. all have the same mass

A. Uranium

An umbrella tens to move upwards on a windy day principally because(think of Bernoulli's principle) A. air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface B. air gets trapped under the umbrella, warms and rises. C. buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed D. all of these

A. air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface

If an object moves with CONSTANT ACCELERATION, its velocity must A. change by the same amount each second B. be constant also C. always decrease D. change by varying amounts depending on its speed

A. change by the same amount each second

A bullet fired horizontally over the level ground hits the ground in 0.5 seconds. If it had been fired with twice the speed in the same direction, it would have hit the ground in A. exactly 0.5 s B. less than 0.5 s C. more than 0.5 s

A. exactly 0.5 s

Whirl a rock at the end of a string and it follows a circular path. If the string breaks, the tendency of the rock is to A. follow a straight-line path B. Revolve in a smaller circle C. Continue to follow a circular path. D. Increase its speed.

A. follow a straight-line path

When a falling object has reached its TERMINAL VELOCITY, its ACCELERATION is A. g. B. zero C. constant

A. g.

An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of.. A. heat exchange B. entropy C. temperature change D. pressure change E. none of the above choices are true

A. heat exchange

An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is... A. higher than its surroundings B. lower than its surroundings C. neither of these

A. higher than its surroundings

A broom is easier to balance on its end when the heavier end(the brush end) is.. A. highest, farthest from your hand B. same either way C. nearest from your hand

A. highest, farthest from your hand

In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of... A. orbital electrons B. neutrons C. quarks D. all of these E. none of these

A. orbital electrons

Which moves faster in m/s on a merry-go-round: a horse on the inside or a horse on the outside near the rail? A. outside horse B. inside horse C. both move at the same speed in m/s

A. outside horse

When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas A. releases energy B. absorbs energy C. neither releases nor absorbs energy D. both releases and absorbs energy

A. releases energy

Heat energy travels from an object with high.... A. temperance to an object with a lower temperature B. temperature to an object with a lower temperature C. to an object around it independent of the other objects temperature D. none of these

A. temperance to an object with a lower temperature

Your weight is A. the gravitational attraction force between you and the Earth. B. a property of mechanical equilibrium C. equal to your mass D. all of these

A. the gravitational attraction force between you and the Earth

The attraction of a person's body toward Earth is called weight. The reaction to this force is A. the person's body pulling the Earth B. the Earth's surface pushing against the person's body C. The person's body pushing against Earth's surface. D. None of these

A. the person's body pulling the Earth

If you push an object twice as far while applying the same force you do A. twice as much work B. the same amount of work C. four times as much work D. half as much work

A. twice as much work

The reason the buoyant force acts upwards on a submerged object is that A. upward pressure against the bottom is grater than the downward pressure against the top of the submerged object B. if it acted downward, nothing would float. C. the weight of fluid displaced react with an upward force D. it acts in a direction to oppose gravity

A. upward pressure against the bottom is grater than the downward pressure against the top of the submerged object

During cold winter, winter pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this... A. water expands when freezing B. the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes C. water contracts when freezing D. the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart. E. none of these

A. water expands when freezing

Atmospheric pressure is caused by the A. weight of the atmosphere B. density of the atmosphere C. temperature of the atmosphere D. Effect of the sun's energy on the atmosphere

A. weight of the atmosphere

A scientific hypothesis may turn out to be right or it may turn out to be wrong. If it is a valid hypothesis, there may be a test for proving it.... A. wrong B. right C. all of the above D. None of the above

A. wrong

An object is pulled northward by a force of 15 N and at the same time another force of 25 N pulls it southward. The magnitude of the resultant force on the object is... A. 0 N B. 10 N C. 40 N D. 375 N

B. 10 N

Two identical blocks of iron, one at 10 degrees C and the other at 20 degrees C, are put in contact. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees C and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. This would violate the.. A. 1st law of thermodynamics B. 2nd law of thermodynamics C. both of these D. neither of these

B. 2nd law of thermodynamics

One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is A. 100 J B. 40 J C. 0 J D. 60 J

B. 40 J

A horse gallops a distance of 20 kilometers in a time of 30 minutes. Its average speed is... A. 20 km/h B. 40 km/h C. 10 km/h D. 60 km/h

B. 40 km/h

A projectile is launched vertically upward at 50 m/s. If air resistance is negligible, its SPEED upon returning to its starting point is A. less than 50 m/s B. 50 m/s C. more than 50 m/s

B. 50 m/s

A wooden block has a mass of 1000 kg and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's density? A. 2oo kg per cubic meter B. 500 kg per cubic meter C. 100 kg per cubic meter D. 1ooo kg per cubic meter E. none of these

B. 500 kg per cubic meter

A Mack truck and Volkswagen traveling at the same speed have a head-on collision. The vehicle that undergoes the greatest change in VELOCITY will be the... A. Mack Truck B. Volkswagen C. same for both

B. Volkswagen

A strong spring is stretched 10 cm by a suspended weight. If the weight is doubled, the spring will stretch... A. another 30 cm, making the total stretch 40cm B. another 10 cm, making the total stretch 20 cm C. Another 5 cm, making the total stretch 15 cm D. more than another 30 cm E. no more

B. another 10 cm, making the total stretch 20 cm

A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake A. becomes smaller as it rises B. becomes larger as it rises C. alternately expands and contracts as it rises D. rises to the top at constant volume E. none of these

B. becomes larger as it rises

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the greater increase in temperature will be.. A. aluminum B. copper C. both the same

B. copper

The chef at the infamous Fattening Tower of Pizza tosses a spinning disk of uncooked pizza dough into the air. The disk's diameter increases during the flight, while its rotational speed A. increases B. decreases C. remains constant

B. decreases

If the radius of the Earth somehow decreased with no change in mass, your weight would A. decrease B. increase C. no change

B. increase

For an action force, there must be a reaction force that A. is slightly larger in magnitude than the action force B. is exactly equal in magnitude C. is slightly smaller in magnitude than the action force D. always acts in the same direction

B. is exactly equal in magnitude

A temperature difference of 10 degrees Celsius is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the... A. Fahrenheit scale B. kelvin scale C. both of these D. neither of these

B. kelvin scale

When an iron bar is heated, it becomes A. smaller B. larger C. neither smaller or larger D. either smaller or larger, depending on the bar's thickness

B. larger

An object that has kinetic energy must be A. at rest B. moving C. falling D. at an elevated position E. none of these

B. moving

If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and... A. the planet would annihilate B. the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate C. an amount of planet matter equal to that of the astronaut would annihilate D. the astronaut would annihilate

B. the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be A. the white surface B. the black surface C. neither because there is no difference

B. the black surface

Strange as it may seem, it is just as hard to accelerate a car on a level surface on the moon as it is here on Earth. This is because A. the weight of the car is independent of gravity B. the mass of the car is independent on gravity C. Nonsense! A car is much more easily accelerated on the mood than on Earth

B. the mass of the car is independent on gravity

Which of the following is a scientific statement? A. There are things we will never know about B. The moon is made of green cheese C. Matter is filled with undetectable particles D. There are parts of the universe that will never be found by man E. None of these

B. the moon is made of green cheese

If you do work on an object in one-third the usual time, your power output is... A. the usual power output B. three times the usual power output C. one third the usual power output D. impossible to predict without additional informaton

B. three times the usual power output

An asteroid exerts a 360 N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. This force is directed... A. away from the asteroid B. towards the asteroid C. towards the sun

B. towards the asteroid

When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is A. halved B. unchanged C. doubled

B. unchanged

The density of a submerged submarine that is neither sinking nor floating to the surface, but remaining at the same depth, is about the same density of A. a crab B. water C. iron D. a floating submarine E. none of these

B. water

In the figure, a dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top partly because... A. it looks better B. water pressure is greater with increasing depth C. surface tension exists only on the surface of liquids D. water is denser at deeper levels E. none of these

B. water pressure is greater with increasing depth

Roll a bowling ball off the edge of a table. As it falls, its horizontal component of velocity... A. decreases B.. remains constant C. increases

B.. remains constant

What is the buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean? A. less than 10 tons B. more than 10 tons C. 10 tons D. depends on the density of sea water

C. 10 tons

What is the weight of a 200-kg bear? A. 20 N B 200 N C. 2000 N D. More than 2000 N

C. 2000 N

A truck is moving at CONSTANT VELOCITY. Inside the storage compartment, a rock is dropped from the midpoint of the ceiling and strikes the floor below. The rock hits the floor A. behind the midpoint of ceiling B. ahead of the midpoint of ceiling C. Exactly below the midpoint of ceiling D. none of these

C. Exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling

Compared to the recoiling rifle, the bullet fired has... A. a greater momentum B. a smaller speed C. a greater kinetic energy D. all of the above

C. a greater kinetic energy

A quantity of water has more entropy when it is.. A. at room temperature B. frozen ice C. boiling

C. boiling

When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up... A. by a force equal to its own weight B. bur nevertheless sinks C. by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced D. none of these

C. by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced

The first law of thermodynamic is a restatement of the... A. law of heat condition B. carrot cycle C. conservation of energy D. principle of entropy E. none of these

C. conservation of energy

Melting snow.. A. warms the surrounding air B. neither warms nor cools the surrounding air C. cooling the surrounding air

C. cooling the surrounding air

If a loaf of bread is compressed, its A. surface tension becomes less B. molecules becomes harder C. density increases D. density decreases E. none of these

C. density increases

If the mass of an object were to double while its volume remains the same, its density would... A. stay the same B. halve. C. double D. become four times as great

C. double

The chemical properties of matter come mostly from its A. protons B. neutrons C. electrons

C. electrons

When an automobile is braked to a stop, its kinetic energy is transformed to... A. stopping energy B. potential energy C. heat D. energy of motion E. energy of rest

C. heat

If one object has twice the mass as another object, it also has twice as much A. velocity B. acceleration due to gravity C. inertia D. volume E. all of these

C. inertia

Your feet feel warmer on a rug than a tile floor because a rug A. for the same mass has more internal energy than tile B. is usually warmer than tile C. is a better insulator than tile so your feet don't lose as much heat D. all of these E. none of these

C. is a better insulator than tile so your feet don't lose as much heat

Someone standing at the edge of a cliff throws one ball straight up and another ball straight down at the SAME INITIAL SPEED. Neglecting air resistance, the ball to hit the ground below the cliff with the GREATER SPEED will be A. the one thrown upwards B. the one thrown downwards C. neither, they will both hit with the same speed

C. neither, they will both hit with the same speed

It is correct to say the impulse is equal to... A. Velocity multiplied by time B. Momentum C. the change in momentum it produces D. the force multiplied by the distance the force acts

C. the change in momentum it produces

A ball is thrown upwards and returns to the same position. Compared with its original speed after release, its speed when it returns is about... A. twice as much B. half as much C. the same D. four times as much

C. the same

To catch a ball, a baseball player extends the hand forward before the impact with the ball and then let's it ride backward in the direction of the ball's motion. Doing this REDUCES THE FORCE of impact on the player's hand PRINCIPALLY because the... A. force of impact is reduced B. time of impact is decreased C. time of impact is increased D. relative velocity is less E. none of these

C. time of impact is increased

We are warmed by condensation because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies.. A. form an insulating layer on our bodies B. gain kinetic energy as they change state C. transfer some of their kinetic energy to us

C. transfer some of their kinetic energy to us

Say that an object is lifted 5 meters gains 400 J of potential energy. If the same object is lifted 10 meters. its potential energy gain is A. the same B. half as much C. twice as much D. four times as much E. more than four times as much

C. twice as much

Two billiard balls having the SAME mass and speed roll towards each other. What is their combined momentum after they meet? A. twice the sum of their original momentums B. half the sum of their original momentums C. zero D. impossible to determine without additional information

C. zero

A projectile is fired horizontally in a region of no air resistance. The projectile maintains its horizontal component of velocity because A. it has no vertical component of velocity to begin with B. the net force acting on it is zero C. it is not acted on by any forces D It is not acted on by any horizontal forces E. none of these

D It is not acted on by any horizontal forces

A hockey puck is set in motion across a frozen pond. f ice friction and air resistance are neglected, the force required to keep the puck sliding at a constant velocity is A. equal to product of its mass times its weight B. equal to its weight C. equal to its weight divided by its mass D zero

D zero

A metal block has a density of 5000 kg per cubic meter and a mass of 15,000 kg. What is its volume? A. 5 cubic cm B. 15 cubic meters C. 0.33 cubic meters D. 3 cubic meters E. none of these

D. 3 cubic meters

A player catches a ball. Consider the action force to be the impact of the ball against the player's glove. The reaction to this force is the.... A. Player's grip on the glove B. Muscular effort in the player's arms. C. Friction of the ground against the player's shoes D. Force the glove exerts on the ball E. None of these

D. Force the glove exerts on the ball

When a rocket ship accelerating in outer space runs out of fuel, it A. Continues to accelerate B. Accelerates for a short time, slows down, and eventually stops C. Accelerates for a short time, and then slows down to a constant velocity D. No longer accelerates

D. No longer accelerates

Atoms heavier than helium were made by... A. radioactivity B. radiant energy conversion C. photosynthesis D. Thermonuclear fusion found mostly in star interiors E. none of these

D. Thermonuclear fusion found mostly in star interiors

Which of the following descriptions VIOLATES Newton's first law of motion? A. a glass of water is sitting on at able in the dining care of a train. The train brakes as it near the station, and the glass slides forward. B. A child is sitting in the back seat of a car and is not wearing a seat belt. The car is traveling forward, and the driver suddenly applies the brakes. The child flies forward against the rear side of the front seat. C . a small suitcase is at the front of the overhead luggage compartment on an airplane. When the airplane begins to takeoff, the suitcase slides to the rear of the compartment. D. a rabbit's foot is hanging on a chain from the rearview mirror of a car. As the car accelerates forward, the rabbit's foot swings toward the windshield.

D. a rabbit's foot is hanging on a chain from the rearview mirror of a car. As the car accelerates forward, the rabbit's foot swings toward the windshield.

A car traveling along the highway needs a certain amount of force exerted on it to top it in a certain distance. More stopping force is required when the car has A. more mass B. more momentum C. less stopping distance D. all of these E. none of these

D. all of these

An object in mechanical equilibrium can be an object A. at rest B. having no acceleration C. moving at constant velocity D. all of these

D. all of these

Substances absorb heat energy by the process of... A. radiation B. convection C. conduction D. all of these

D. all of these

Which has a zero acceleration? An object A. at rest B. in mechanical equilibrium C. moving at a constant velocity D. all of these E. none of these

D. all of these

In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of A. Bernoulli's principle B. surface tension C. capillary action D. atmospheric pressure E. none of these

D. atmospheric pressure

According to Newton, doubling the distance between two interacting objects A. multiplies by 2 the gravitational force between them B. multiplies by 4 the gravitational force between them C. divides by 2 the gravitational force between them D. divides by 4 the gravitational force between them

D. divides by 4 the gravitational force between them

Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted to... A. solids B. gases C. liquids D. fluids, i.e. both gases and liquids E. none of the above

D. fluids, i.e. both gases and liquids

An object is propelled at a straight- line path in space by a force. If the MASS of the object somehow becomes TWICE AS MUCH with force remain unchanged, its acceleration A. stays the same B. doubles C quadruples D. halves E. none of these

D. halves

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a... A. high conductivity B. low conductivity C. high specific heat D. low specific heat

D. low specific heat

Twelve second after starting from rest, an object FALLING FREELY on Earth will have a speed of... A. 50 m/s B. 100 m/s C. 10 m/s D. more than 100 m/s E. not enough information is provided

D. more than 100 m/s

Which of the following are electrically neutral? A. proton B. electron C. ion D. neutron E. none of the above

D. neutron

A factor that USUALLY determines whether a substance is in the solid, liquid, gaseous or plasma state is its A. atomic number B. composition C. atomic shell configuration D. temperature E. none of these

D. temperature

The lowest temperature possible in nature is... A.-273 decrees C B. 0 degrees C C. 4 K

D. temperature

Evaporation is a cooling process because A. Heat is radiated during the process B. of conduction and convection C. the temperature of the remaining liquid increases D. the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid E. none of these

D. the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid

A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the A. density of surrounding air B. atmosphere pressure C. weight of the balloon and contents D. weight of air it displaces E. none of these

D. weight of air it displaces

Which one of the following is TRUE, according to Newton's laws of motion(remember all three laws). Ignore friction. A. a semitrailer truck crashes all the way thorough a wall. Since the wall collapses, the wall sustains a greater force than the truck does. B. two astronauts on a space walk are throwing a ball back and forth between each other. In the game of catch the distance between them remains constant C. Sam(18 years old and larger) and his sister(9 years old) go ice skating. They push off against each other and fly apart. Sam flies off with greater acceleration. D. A sports utility vehicle(SUV) hits a stationary motorcycle. Since it is stationary, the motorcycle sustains a greater force than the SUV does. E. None of these are true, according to the third law

E. None of these are true, according to the third law

Ice is put into a cooler to cool the contents. To speed up the cooling process, the ice can be... A. kept in one solid chunk B. kept out of contact with the food C. drained of ice water periodically D. wrapped in newspaper E. covered in salt

E. covered in salt

The main difference between gases and plasmas has to do with A. the kinds of elements involved B. inter-atomic spacing C. fluid pressure D. the proportion of matter to antimatter in the universe E. electrical conduction

E. electrical conduction

If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is an isotope of... A. boron B. lithium C. beryllium D. hydrogen E. helium

E. helium

When the distance between two stars decrease by half, the force between them... A. decreases by one-half B. decreases by one- quarter C. stay the same D. increases to twice as much E. increases to four times as much

E. increases to four times as much

Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the... A. ability of metals to transfer energy easily B. relatively high densities of metals C. similarity between thermal and electrical conductive properties D. high elasticity of metals E. looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms

E. looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms

Torque acting on an object tends to produce... A. velocity B. linear motion C. equilibrium D. a center of gravity E. rotation

E. rotation

The reason a life jacket helps you float is... A. the jacket has the same density as an average human B. if you sink, the jacket sinks C. the jacket makes you weigh less D. the jacket repels water E. the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone

E. the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone

Suppose that a tiny gun made of strong but very light material fire a bullet that is more massive than the gun itself. For such a weapon... A. Recoil problems would be lessened B. both conservation of energy and momentum would not hold C. conservation of energy would not hold D. conservation of momentum would not hold E. the target would be safer than the shooter because the weapon's recoil would be dangerous

E. the target would be safer than the shooter because the weapon's recoil would be dangerous