Physical & Chemical Properties and Changes
1.6 g/mL
What is the density of a liquid with a mass of 200g and a volume of 125mL?
Color
a change in this indicates a chemical change; by itself this is not a significant identifier of a substance
physical property
a diamond's hardness
mixture
all components keep their original properties
physical property
aluminum's high melting point
reactivity
an example of chemical property describing the ability of a substance to combine chemically
Chemical Properties of Matter Examples
Ability to Burn; Ability to Rust
centrifugation
method of separating a mixture based on density
evaporation
method of separating a mixture of a solid and water
chemical change
How can a chemical change be reversed?
Physical Properties of Matter Examples
Melting Point; Boiling Point; Density; Color, Conductivity, Ductile, Malleable
density= mass/volume
calculation of density from known mass and volume
mass = density x volume
calculation of mass from known density and volume
volume = mass/density
calculation of volume from known mass and density
Physical Property
can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance
Chemical Property
can be observed when substances react (combine) with another substance; as a result it becomes a new substance
Ability to react with acid
chemical property; describes how a substance reacts when exposed to an acid
Ability to Rust
chemical property; involves a substance (iron) reacting slowly with oxygen
Ability to Burn
chemical property; involves a substance reacting with oxygen quickly to produce light and heat
signs of chemical change
color change, odor change, gas production, heat production
Odor
how a substance affects the olfactory (smell) receptors; a change in this indicates a chemical change
lighter than air
physical property of helium which makes it a good choice for balloons
Ductile
physical property; ability to be drawn out into a wire
Malleable
physical property; ability to be flattened or spread out
Conductivity
physical property; ability to conduct heat or electricity
Solubility
physical property; describes how easily a substance dissolves when mixed with another substance
Magnetism
physical property; describes the attraction of a substance to a magnetic field.
Buoyancy
physical property; describes the tendency of a substance to float in water or another fluid.
Texture
physical property; how the surface of a substance feels
filtration
separation of a mixture by a filter
distillation
separation of a mixture by boiling and condensation
Boiling Point
temperature and pressure at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas
Melting Point
temperature and pressure at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
Density
the relationship between the mass of a material and its volume; D=m/v
element
types of matter represented by the periodic table; pure substance
