Physics 1-II Final Practice (Atomic Nature of Matter)

How many electrons can the innermost shell of an atom have?

2

Plasmas ___

Are like the matter in a star. Exist at high temperatures. Are a gas of free electrons and ions.

Explain why a cupful of toxic material accidentally spilled into the ocean is spread around and eventually found in every part of the world's oceans.

Atoms spread, and if the toxic material is accidentally spilled in one part of the ocean, it will eventually spread across the entire body of water, much like food coloring in a glass of water.

A nucleus contains particles that are generally classified as electrons. T/F

False

All matter is made of molecules. T/F

False

If one neutron is added to a hydrogen nucleus, the result is

Helium

Which of the following atoms is the lightest?

Hydrogen

Explain what plasmas are, how they are formed, and where they can be found.

Plasma is one of the four states of matter. This is usually made by heating gases to extremely high temperatures, and this is mostly found in stars and our sun.

How old are the atoms that make up the body of a 16-year-old student?

The atoms that make up the body of a 16-year-old student can date back to the beginning of our solar system, up to 4.6 billion years ago.

What makes an element distinct?

The number of protons

A nucleon can be either a neutron or a proton. T/F

True

The number of protons an atom has in its nucleus is the same as its atomic number. T/F

True

There is a fourth phase, called a plasma, that is not so common in our everyday world, yet it is the predominant phase of the matter in the universe. T/F

True

How many different elements are in a water molecule?

Two

The reason nuclei don't pack together more closely is

because of large electromagnetic repulsion forces

Elements that are above or below each other in the periodic table have one more or one less

electron shell

Atoms combine together to form

molecules

The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is because the atoms in the granite are

mostly empty space themselves

At the center of every atom is a mass-filled region called the

nucleus

Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because

of electrical forces

The charge on an atom that has one less electron than protons is

positive

Elements that are side by side in the periodic table have one more or one less

proton

Assuming all the atoms exhaled by Julius Caesar in his last dying breath are still in the atmosphere, then it is likely that we breathe one of those atoms

with each single breath