Physics ch. 12

Which of these is most elastic? 1. Water 2. Air 3. Steel 4. Putty

3. Steel

In 2009, one of the U.S. government's bailout packages was $700 billion when gold was worth $800 per ounce ($28.20 per gram). Calculate the mass in grams of $700 billion worth of gold.

m = 2.48×10^10 g

A certain spring stretches 6.8 cm when a load of 38 N is suspended from it. How much will the spring stretch if 56 N is suspended from it (and it doesn't reach its elastic limit)?

x = 10 cm

Distinguish between tension and compression. 1. A pulled-apart object is in tension; a pushed-together one is in compression. 2. Tension causes things to get shorter and wider; compression causes things to get longer and thinner. 3. A high-density object is under tension; a low-density one is under compression. 3. In tension, atoms are closer together; in compression, they are further apart.

1. A pulled-apart object is in tension; a pushed-together one is in compression.

Which of the following has the greatest density? 1. Gold 2. Uranium 3. All the same 4. Lead

1. Gold

Which of the following is an element? 1. Hydrogen 2. H2O 3. Carbon dioxide 4. A supernova

1. Hydrogen

The name given to the shape of a sagging rope supported at its ends is a __________. 1. catenary 2. parabola 3. hyperbola 4. semi-circle

1. catenary

Which investigator is credited for discovering Brownian motion? 1. Albert Einstein 2. Robert Motion 3. Robert Brown 4. John Dalton

3. Robert Brown

Dark matter is considered to be __________. 1. at the center of all atomic nuclei 2. a local phenomenon 3. plentiful in the universe 4. a form of dark energy

3. plentiful in the universe

In 2009, one of the U.S. government's bailout packages was $700 billion when gold was worth $800 per ounce ($28.20 per gram). If this amount of gold were in the shape of a cube, how long would each of its sides be?

L = 10.9 m

Is it tension or compression that strengthens an arch that supports a load? 1. Compression 2. Neither tension nor compression - it's the cement. 3. Both tension and compression 4. Tension

1. Compression

What happens to the volume of a loaf of bread that is squeezed? The mass? The density? 1. Decreases, stays the same, increases 2. Stays the same, increases, decreases 3. Increases, decreases, stays the same 4. Increases, stays the same, decreases

1. Decreases, stays the same, increases

Why do we say that a spring is elastic? 1. It does not obey Hooke's law. 2. When deformed, it does not return to its original shape. 3. When deformed, it returns to its original shape. 4. It is made of rubber.

3. When deformed, it returns to its original shape.

What is the volume of a sugar cube that measures 1 cm on each side? What is the cross-sectional area of the cube? The total surface area? 1. 1 cm3, 2 cm2, 6 cm2 2. 1 cm3, 2 cm2, 4 cm2 3. 1 cm3, 1 cm2, 1 cm2 4. 1 cm3, 1 cm2, 6 cm2

4. 1 cm3, 1 cm2, 6 cm2

Which of the following are negatively charged? 1. Protons 2. Neutrons 3. Atomic nuclei 4. Electrons

4. Electrons

What is Hooke's law? Does it apply to elastic materials or to inelastic materials? 1. Stretch is proportional to force for elastic and inelastic materials. 2. Stretch is proportional to force for inelastic materials. 3. Stretch is inversely proportional to force for elastic materials. 4. Stretch is proportional to force for elastic materials.

4. Stretch is proportional to force for elastic materials.

When a tree branch is bent, the region in the center of the branch is the __________. 1. compressed layer 2. tensile layer 3. elastic layer 4. neutral layer

4. neutral layer

The number of atoms in a common water molecule is __________. 1. two 2. four 3. one 4. three

4. three

How does the arrangement of atoms in a crystalline substance differ from the arrangement in a noncrystalline (amorphous) substance? 1. Atoms in crystals are in an ordered array. In amorphous materials, they are randomly distributed. 2. Atoms in crystals are closer together than atoms in amorphous materials. 3. Atoms in amorphous materials are in an ordered array. In crystals, they are randomly distributed. 4. Atoms in crystals are located in a cubic array. In amorphous materials, they are hexagonal.

1. Atoms in crystals are in an ordered array. In amorphous materials, they are randomly distributed.

What type of force holds atoms together in a crystal? 1. Electric 2. Gravitational 3. Magnetic 4. Electromagnetic

1. Electric

Why were so many vertical columns needed to support the roofs of stone buildings in ancient Egypt and Greece? 1. Stone breaks under tension. 2. Stone breaks along the neutral line. 3. Stone breaks under compression. 4. The columns are decorative elements.

1. Stone breaks under tension.

An important feature of atoms is that they __________. 1. have wave properties 2. can barely be seen with the naked eye 3. make up electric beams 4. are actually tiny solar systems

1. have wave properties

The charge in the nucleus of an antimatter hydrogen atoms is __________. 1. negative 2. neutral, no charge 3. positive 4. exotically different than positives and negatives

1. negative

As the text cites, atoms are incredibly tiny, numerous, perpetually moving, and what else? 1. New in science 2. Ageless 3. Mainly in the air 4. Migratory

2. Ageless

Which has more skin: an elephant or a mouse? Which has more skin per unit of body weight: an elephant or a mouse? 1. Elephant, both the same 2. Elephant, mouse 3. Elephant, elephant 4. Mouse, elephant

2. Elephant, mouse

Which is denser: an object that has a density of 1000 kg/m3 or one that has a density of 1 g/cm3? 1. 1 g/cm3 2. They are the same density. 3. One is weight density and one is mass density, so it is impossible to compare them. 4. 1000 kg/m3

2. They are the same density.

If you want to cool down a drink with ice, which of the following would make it cool faster and why? 1. Use one large lump of ice, because then you will have a larger amount of ice available to cool the drink. 2. Either a lump or an equal amount of crushed ice would produce the same cooling effect, because it is the amount that matters and not whether it is crushed or in one piece. 3. Crushing the lump into small pieces will put more of the ice's surface area is in contact with the drink.

3. Crushing the lump into small pieces will put more of the ice's surface area is in contact with the drink.

Which of these atoms has the largest number of neutrons in the nucleus? 1. Hydrogen 2. Carbon 3. Gold 4. Helium

3. Gold

Which of the following items would remain without rusting longer: a solid lump of steel, or steel wool that weighs the same amount? 1. Both the lump of steel and the steel wool would rust equally fast because the amount of steel in them is the same. 2. The steel wool would stay without rusting longer because there is not as much of it. 3. The lump of steel would stay without rusting longer, because not as much of it comes in contact with the air.

3. The lump of steel would stay without rusting longer, because not as much of it comes in contact with the air.

Why do we say that a blob of putty is inelastic? 1. It is made of rubber. 2. When deformed, it returns to its original shape. 3. When deformed, it does not return to its original shape. 4. It obeys Hooke's law.

3. When deformed, it does not return to its original shape.

The periodic table of the elements is a list of __________. 1. isotopes 2. atoms 3. ions 4. molecules

2. atoms

Which of the following has the greatest outer surface area? 1. A grape 2. A tiger 3. An elephant 4. A peach

3. An elephant

Why do French fries cook faster when they are cut into thinner pieces, and why do meatballs cook faster when they are flattened? 1. There is a smaller amount of surface area for the same amount of food in the thinner fries and flattened meatballs. 2. There is a greater amount of surface area for the same amount of food in the thinner fries and flattened meatballs. 3. There is less amount of food to cook in the thinner fries and flattened meat balls.

2. There is a greater amount of surface area for the same amount of food in the thinner fries and flattened meatballs.

If you want to light some wood on fire, what would most likely make the wood light, and why? 1. Either having the complete log of wood or small pieces of wood would work equally well, because it is the same amount of wood. 2. Using a complete log of wood will provide a larger amount of wood for lighting. 3. Breaking the log down into small pieces of wood will increase the amount of wood surface that can catch fire.

3. Breaking the log down into small pieces of wood will increase the amount of wood surface that can catch fire.