physics ch 16

between nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, radioactive by-products are more characteristic of nuclear a. fission b. fusion c. both d. none

a. fission

a proton has the greatest mass in the nucleus of a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

a. hydrogen

when two light atoms fuse together, mass a. is converted to kinetic energy or neutrons b. is created form energy of other forms c. remains the same d. is gained

a. is converted to kinetic energy of neutrons

in a mass spectrometer, a variety of singly-ionized atomic nuclei are directed into a magnetic field where they are deflected and strike a detecting screen. The particles to undergo the greatest deflection are the particles with the a. less mass b. greatest mass c. same for all

a. least mass

compared to the mass of a uranium nucleus before splitting, the pieces it splits into have a. less mass b. the same mass c. more mass

a. less mass

in nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reactions, the amount of mass converted to energy of other forms is a. less than 1% b. about 10% c. about 20% d. about 30% e. more than 30%

a. less than 1%

it's impossible for a hydrogen atom to emit an alpha particle a. true b. false

a. true

if an alpha particle and beta particle have the same energy, which particle will penetrate farther into an object a. alpha particle b. beta particle c. they both penetrate the same distance

b. beta particle

in both fission and fusion, mass a. is created from energy or other forms b. converts kinetic energy b. remains the same

b. converts kinetic energy

a nuclear process that has relatively few radioactive by-products is a. fission b. fusion c. both of these have comparable radioactive by-products

b. fusion

x-rays may be regarded as a. high frequency sound waves b. high frequency radio waves c. both of these d. none of these

b. high frequency radio waves

generally speaking, the larger a nucleus is, the greater its a. stability b. instability c. neither

b. instability

a nucleon has the least mass in the nucleus of a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

b. iron

the nucleus with the most tightly bound nucleon is a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

b. iron

detonation of fission type atomic bomb is started by a. splitting a small piece of uranium b. pressing together several small pieces of uranium c. igniting a small thermonuclear bomb d. turning on a laser cross fire e. none

b. pressing together several small pieces of uranium

electric forces within an atomic nucleus tend to a. hold it together b. push it apart c. neither of these

b. push it apart

deuterium and tritium are both a. forms of hydrogen b. isotopes of the same element c. both of these d. neither of these

c. both of these

in fissioning or uranium, a chain reaction is cause by a. the enormous energy release b. the kinetic energy of the decay products c. ejected neutrons d. the conversion of mass to energy e. none

c. ejected neutrons

which radiation has no electric charge associated with it a. alpha rays b. beta rays c. gamma rays d. all of these e. none

c. gamma rays

detonation of a fusion type hydrogen bomb is started by a. splitting a small piece of uranium b. pressing together several small pieces of uranium c. igniting a small thermonuclear bomb d. turning on a laser cross fire e. none

c. igniting a small thermonuclear bomb

uranium-235, uranium-238 and uranium-239 are different a. elements b. ions c. isotopes d. none

c. isotopes

the half-life of an isotope is one day. at the end of two days the amount that remains is a. none b. one-half c. one-quarter d. one-eighth e. none

c. one-quarter

a nucleon is either a. a positron or an electron b. a proton or an electron c. a neutron or an electron d. a proton or a neutron

d. a proton or a neutron

which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field a. alpha particle b. beta particle c. electron d. gamma ray e. all experience the same force

d. gamma ray

a chain reaction grows when the average number of liberated neutrons which go on to cause further fissions is a. zero b. less than one c. one d. greater than one

d. greater than one

different isotopes of an element have different number of a. protons b. hadrons c. photons d. neutrons e. none of these

d. neutrons

the half lives of elements beyond uranium are too short for these elements to occur in natural deposits. but elements below uranium that have equally short half lives do occur in natural deposits. this is because they are a. the small leftover of huge abundances when the earth formed b. subdued and preserved by pressures beneath the earth c. bound with longer-living elements d. the products of uranium decay

d. the products of uranium decay

the mass of an atomic nucleon is nearly a. twice the mass of an electron b. four times the mass of an electron c. a thousand times the mass of an electron d. two thousand times the mass of an electron

d. two thousand times the mass of an electron

the nucleus with the greatest mass is a. hydrogen b. iron c. lead d. uranium e. plutonium

e. plutonium