Physics Chapter 34

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standard voltage in the United States is

110-120v

current in laptops and cell phones is

DC

the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage impressed across the circuit, and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit

Ohm's Law

the relationship among current, voltage, and resistance

Ohm's Law

repeatedly reverses direction flow of charge

alternating current (AC)

SI unit used to measure electric current

ampere

equivalent to 1 Coulomb of charge per second

ampere

the source of electrons in a circuit is the...

conducting circuit material itself

particles within a solid conductor that carry charge throughout a circuit

conduction electrons

the damaging effects of electric shock are the result of ________ passing through the body

current

electric power formula

current X voltage

Ohm's Law mathematically

current= voltage/resistance

tiny electronic device that acts as a one-way valve to allow electron flow in only one direction

diode

flow of charge that always flows in 1 direction

direct current (DC)

the flow of electric charge

electric current

rate at which electrical energy is converted into another form such as mechanical energy, heat, or light

electric power

the resistance that a conductor offers to the flow of charge

electric resistance

when you plug a lamp in an AC outlet, what flows?

energy

T or F: the amount of charge that flows in a circuit does not depend on the voltage provided by the voltage source

false

what 2 forms of energy are produced when you turn on a light?

heat and light

what does a 60- hertz current mean

it means that the current alternates back and forth at 60 cycles per second

electric resistance is measured in units called ______

ohms

charge flows when there is a ______________________ between the ends of a conductor

potential difference

elements in a circuit that are used to regulate current

resistors

the resistance of some materials becomes zero at very low temperatures

superconductivity

charges flow _______ a circuit because of an applied voltage _______ the circuit

through, across

equivalent resistance

to calculate in series: sum of the values in parallel: half of the value of either resistor

T or F: a pulsating electric field can travel through a circuit at nearly the speed of light

true

T or F: energy is transported through connecting wires of a circuit at nearly the speed of light

true

T or F: the potential energy per coulomb of charge available to electrons moving between the terminals of a battery or generator is the voltage

true

something that provides a potential difference

voltage source

the net charge in a current- carrying wire

zero


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