PHYSICS EXAM
What is a disadvantage of the peer review process?
B
What is the function of a control in a scientific investigation?
B
A long, straight wire carries a current that produces a 4.5x10-8 T magnetic field 1.4 m from the wire. What is the current flowing in the wire?
C
. Rosa is in a recording studio. She puts on headphones and sings into a microphone. Her voice is output to a loudspeaker. Her voice is recorded on a DVD using a beam of light called a laser. Which table correctly names the transducers and the energy conversions that occur?
a
1 watt of power is equal to
a
A 12.0 A current is flowing through a 6.25 T magnetic field at a 60.0° angle between the current and the magnetic field lines. The length of the wire carrying the current is 3.22 meters. What is the magnetic force on the wire?
a
A 5.2-m-long wire has 1.5 A flowing through it. How far away from the wire is the magnetic field when its magnitude is 7.5x10-7 T?
a
What is the magnetic force (in newtons) on an uncharged particle moving at 9.8 x 105 m/s through a 5.0 T magnetic field at an angle of 45°? Round to the nearest whole number.
0
Two long, parallel wires carry currents of 5.28 mA and 3.45 mA in opposite directions. How far apart are the wires (in meters) if the force per unit length is 1.55 × 10-11 N/m? Answer with three significant digits.
0.235
Two long, parallel wires carry currents of 155 A and 210 A in opposite directions. If the wires are separated by 25 mm, what is the magnitude of the force per unit length (in newtons per meter) between the wires? Answer with two signficant digits.
0.26 N/m
A boy pushes a box (m = 2.0 kg) with a net force of 5.0 N. How far has the box been pushed if the box starts from rest and has a final velocity of 3.0 m/s? Round your answer to the nearest tenth in meters.
1.8 m
George, an astronomer, finds a new moon orbiting the planet Saturn at a radial distance of 135,000 km. He knows that the mass of Saturn is 568.3 × 1024 kg, and is able to figure out that the mass of the moon is 86.70 × 1012 kg. What is the gravitational force that keeps the moon orbiting? Answer with three signficant digits.
1.80 × 1020 N
A box is pulled to the right with a force of 100 N at an angle of 60° with the horizontal for 20 m on a frictionless surface. How much work is done on the box?
1000 j
If 225 N of force pushes an object 63.0 meters in 125 seconds, how much power is generated? Write the answer in watts and round to the nearest whole number.
113 watts
A 2.0 kg block is raised to the top of a 7 m cliff. The rock falls off the cliff. Calculate the velocity of the block right before it hits the ground. Round the answer to the nearest whole number in m/s.
12 m/s
A 550 W heater uses a 34 heating coil to produce heat. What is the net charge that passes through the heating coil in 1 hour? (Write the answer in coulombs, and round to two significant digits.)
14,000C
A 30.0 m long wire has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 25 mm. The resistivity of the metal is 2.44 10-8 m. If the wire is hooked up to the positive and negative terminals of a 3.0 V battery and no other resistors are in the circuit, what will be the current in the circuit? (Write the answer in amperes with one signficant digits.)
2,000A
How many significant figures are there in the number 201,000? (Write your answer as a number.)
3
Greta and her friends have to push her car to a service station one day when it breaks down. They apply a total force of 1120 N to the car for 194 m. It takes them 12 minutes to get to the station. How much power do Greta and her friends generate while pushing the car? Write the answer in watts and round to the nearest whole number.
302 watts
A 6.3-m long wire has 4.8 A flowing through it. The magnetic field is 9.2 µT at some distance, d, away. What is the magnetic field strength (in µT) at twice that distance away, 2d? Answer with two significant digits.
4.6 µT
A wire carried 1.3 A of current that is directed south. A positive 2.3 C charged particle is placed at point A, which is 0.075 m from the current-carrying wire. The charged particle is moving west with a velocity of 6.8 × 105m/s. What is the force acting on the charged particle? Write your answer in newtons. Write your answer in newtons with two significant digits.
5.4 N
When a small toaster is connected to a 130 V power source, 330 C of charge pass through the toaster each minute. What is the power rating of this toaster? (Write the answer in watts, and round to three significant digits.)
715 w
A boy is pushing forward on a crate with a force of 100 newtons. The reaction force is the
A
A projectile is shot at an angle of 15.0° above the horizontal and lands 163 m away. What was the projectile's initial velocity? Round the answer to two decimal places.
A
A student performs an experiment to determine how drop height affects rebound height of a ball. What is the control in this experiment?
A
A zero (0) is a significant figure every time it is
A
An object definitely accelerates if
A
Different religions each practice similar styles of meditation that include sitting still, controlling one's breathing, and repeating words or sounds over and over again. Over the past forty years, many scientists have concluded that this type of meditation has positive effects on human health. A scientific conclusion about the effects of meditation can include inferences made from
A
How can a measuring tool be improved to decrease scientific uncertainty?
A
How many significant figures would be in the result of 14.0 x 68?
A
In scientific studies, precision is
A
In which type of experiment is one variable adjusted to see the results on a second variable?
A
Padmaja is observing how the air in a room changes in reaction to a heating and air conditioning system. She wants to know how quickly the whole room's temperature increases or decreases when the thermostat on the system is changed to a new temperature. She sets up a digital thermometer at one end of a 6 m wall. At the other end of the wall is a vent that releases warm or cool air into the room depending on how the system is set. Padmaja says that this vent is releasing "fresh" air into the room. There is also a vent on the other side of the room that sucks in old air when "fresh" air enters the room. What is a source of uncertainty as Padmaja measures the temperature?
A
What value represents the acceleration due to gravity (m/s²) in the free fall equation below?
A
While studying a small tomato plant, what question would a physicist most likely ask?
A
Why is the value of acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s²) a negative number?
A
Which process could lead to the establishment of a new way of thinking about and studying a phenomenon? Check all that apply.
A and C
Which equations are useful in calculating energy values of a planetary system? Check all that apply.
A,B,C
A boat pulls a parasailer a horizontal distance. The parasailer is at a height, , from the water. The rope attached to the parasailer makes an angle, , with the water. Which equation would be best to calculate the horizontal distance traveled by the parasailer being pulled by the boat?
B
A box started at rest and moved 32 m at a constant acceleration of 1.20 m/s2. How long did it take the box to move this distance?
B
A motorcycle's speed is increased from 25 m/s to 45 m/s over a distance of 55 m. How long does this take? (Assume that the acceleration is constant.)
B
A quantity that has both size and direction is called
B
A ruler shows tick marks every half of a centimeter. Each tick mark is labeled with its value in centimeters. What is the accepted range of a measurement taken with this ruler?
B
A scientist is conducting an experiment to determine how temperature affects the expansion of a metal. After the protocol for the trials has been developed, what is the next step in the experimental process?
B
A television commercial claims that a new pain reliever for muscle aches is safer and more effective than all other common pain relievers, such as aspirin. Which question should be asked in order to determine if this is a scientifically supported claim?
B
A theory must be
B
An object accelerating from rest at a constant rate travels 28 m in 11 s. What is its final velocity?
B
For the equation v2 = v02 + 2a(x-x0) to be used, the acceleration must be
B
Jesse is deciding which bathroom scale to use to measure himself. One is a digital scale that shows weight in pounds. It does not show any numbers beyond the decimal point. This scale is new. The other scale is an antique, non-digital slide scale that shows values to the tenth of a pound. This scale has not been calibrated in over thirty years. Which scale is most likely more accurate?
B
Julio wants to figure out how long it will take a train traveling at an average velocity of 40 km/hr to reach a city that is 100 km away. Due to stops and other trains, the train speeds up and slows down along its journey. Why is Julio unable to use the equation to calculate the time the train will take?
B
Keiy is using four types of scales and balances and various weights to attempt to empirically measure the strength of Earth's gravitational field. He sets the balances up on a table on a hard floor in his living room and begins to measure. Keiy knows that the accepted value is 9.8 m/s2, but his measurements keep resulting in a strength of 9.69 m/s2. Which is a source of uncertainty that is likely affecting Keiy's measurements?
B
Nuclear power generators can produce incredible amounts of energy. They are much more efficient than a power generator that uses non-renewable fuel sources, such as oil. However, nuclear power generators have some negative effects too. What is one example of a negative effect of a nuclear power generator?
B
Read this excerpt from an article about black holes. Black holes are invisible because they have so much gravity that nothing escapes. Not even light can escape or bounce off. So how do scientists know that black holes exist if they are invisible? Gravity is caused by matter, and as matter increases, the pull of gravity increases too. Stars are born when enough matter collects that gravity makes it collapse into a hot, dense protostar. When the star gets big enough and hot enough, the central core has enough energy to fuse hydrogen atoms into helium atoms. These reactions release energy that pushes matter out, fighting the force of gravity and keeping the star from collapsing into itself. After many millions or billions of years, the star runs out of hydrogen and energy. Then the star "dies" and collapses into a dense little ball with tons of gravity. Albert Einstein's theory of relativity predicted that black holes would have to exist if a dead star had enough gravity. Using Einstein's theory, astronomers calculated that if a star more than three times as heavy as our sun died, the force of gravity pulling matter in could overwhelm any other force pushing matter out. Scientists cannot see gravity, but they can see its effects. The gravity of a black hole will swallow matter and light that drift close enough to it. Some light passing by a black hole can be far enough away that it could avoid being sucked in, but the path of the light would still be bent by gravity. What is most likely true about light and matter?
B
Scientific uncertainty is defined as
B
The components of light have been argued by many scientists. In the seventeenth century, Newton believed that light was a particle, but Robert Hook and Christiaan Huygens argued for the wave model of light. For the next two hundred years, most physicists agreed with Newton, until Thomas Young proved the wave model with his double slit experiment. What does the history of the development of the light theory indicate?
B
The graph below shows the different velocities traveled by a car on a drive. Which statement is true?
B
The oil that is found underground and then processed into gasoline is a limited resource; it cannot be replaced after it is all used. Physicists are working to find a solution to this issue. Which technological advancement would solve the most problems associated with the world's decreasing supply of oil?
B
The speed of light is extremely fast. Light travels over 186,000 miles per second. The only thing that can travel this fast is energy in the form of light. Physicists use this understanding while studying the light projected by very distant stars in order to map the universe, determine the motion of galaxies, and draw conclusions about the history and origin of the universe. This study is called cosmology. Even before scientists studied the speed of light, the motion of stars and planets was vital to the development of the study of physics. However, biologists generally don't study cosmology. What best explains how cosmology relates to the scientific domains of physics and biology?
B
What is the process of scientists checking each other's work called?
B
Which best describes a way that advancing technology with physics can have a negative effect on humans?
B
Which equations represent the relationship between displacement, velocity, and time?
B
Which world-changing invention was most likely developed thanks to discoveries of physicists?
B
What subjects are studied in physics? Check all that apply.
B, D, E, F
A projectile is shot at an angle of 30° above the horizontal at 50 m/s. How far away does the projectile land? Round the answer to two decimal places.
C
A rocket starts at rest and reaches a speed of 250 m/s in 5.0 s. What is its average acceleration?
C
A truck is stopped in 9.3 seconds from an initial speed of 16 m/s. What is the acceleration of the truck?
C
At the end of World War II, after conflicts in Europe had ended, battles continued between the United States and Japan. The conflict ended in 1945 when the US dropped atomic bombs on two cities in Japan, resulting in over 200,000 deaths. These bombs were developed using breakthrough discoveries in nuclear physics pioneered by scientists including Albert Einstein. What best describes a negative impact of twentieth-century discoveries in nuclear physics?
C
Calibrating a measuring tool, such as a spring scale, will help
C
Coal is a substance that can be used as a fuel in engines when energy is released from the substance. Which branches of science would most likely be concerned with studying the results of different methods for burning coal?
C
Imagine measuring the weight of a 1 cubic meter crate when the crate has a collection of 20 bouncing balls constantly bouncing and striking different spots on the inside of the crate. Which would be a source of uncertainty while measuring the crate's weight?
C
Manuel and Hector are each measuring objects in a physics lab by using spring balances to weigh objects. Manuel's spring balance is shown on the right. It has fewer tick marks than Hector's spring balance, which is on the left. When they turn in their measurements to the teacher, Dr. Einhorn, she discovers that the spring in Hector's balance had been stretched too far in the previous lab, so it was stretching more than it should have for each object Hector measured. What best describes the accuracy and precision of the measurements Manuel and Hector made in the lab?
C
Many scientists get together to discuss the results of an experiment. Which is the most likely outcome at the conclusion of the meeting?
C
Nuclear chemistry is a subtopic of chemistry because it is the study of different chemicals' structures and how changes in the structures affect surrounding matter, energy, forces, and motion. What best describes how nuclear chemistry relates to physics?
C
Read this excerpt from an article about the planet Mars. Mars' complexity goes well beyond its surface. Much of the red planet was formed from volcanic material. The southern part of Mars appears to have formed from volcanic activity. This part of Mars has an ancient crust that is mainly mafic in composition and contains high levels of iron and magnesium. The lowlands in the northern parts of Mars are younger and consist mostly of felsic rock, which is high in potassium, silicon, and aluminum. In addition to its volcanic landscape, Mars also has an amazing system of canyons known as the Valles Marineris. Scientist have ruled out water as the reason for the formation of these canyons. Instead, they theorize that the canyons were formed from the splitting of the Martian crust due to the cooling of the planet. Valles Marineris runs 2,500 miles long at a depth of 4 miles, dwarfing the Grand Canyon back on Earth, which is only 500 miles long and 1 mile deep. When considering the geology of Mars, one of the most pressing questions scientists face is the existence of liquid water. Ice caps are located at both the north and south poles of the planet, and evidence suggests that water lies deep below the Martian surface. Recent evidence may point to the existence of great bodies of water that once covered the planet. The discovery of water on Mars could aid scientists in determining whether life ever existed on the planet or whether it could exist in the future. For now, it remains clear that, given the inhospitable conditions of the planet's surface, no life currently exists there. Given the factors necessary for life to exist on Earth, and given the information about Mars in this excerpt, what is the best explanation for why any life existing on the surface of Mars in the past was destroyed?
C
Solve this subtraction problem by using the appropriate amount of significant figures. https://media.edgenuity.com/evresources/3211/3211-01/3211-01-05/3211-01-05-assessment/3211-01-05-09.PNG
C
The precision of a graduated cylinder is +/- 0.3 mL. The accepted value for the volume of a certain sample is 23.67 mL. Which measurement falls within the accepted range for this sample?
C
What is a simplified version of a complicated process in nature?
C
Which is an advantage that scientists have today that they did not have one hundred years ago?
C
Which is most likely a scientific limitation while doing work in a physics lab?
C
Which is most likely part of a scientific investigation?
C
Which resource is most likely to present pseudoscientific ideas?
C
A cannonball is shot into the air and follows a typical path. What is true about the cannonball's acceleration?
D
A measurement that is more scientifically accurate than others can be described as
D
A moving car slows to a stop. What is the direction of the acceleration of the car?
D
A projectile is fired horizontally from the top of a 122.7 m structure with an initial speed of 49 m/s. The projectile travels a horizontal distance of 200 m from the bottom of the structure. What is the velocity of the projectile right before it hits the ground? Round the answer to three significant digits.
D
A projectile is shot with an initial velocity of 28.3 m/s at an angle of 45.0° above the horizontal. How far away will the projectile land? Round your answer to two decimal places.
D
A scientist develops a new drug that reduces the side effects of cancer treatments. The scientist divided the study participants into two groups. Which experimental design will give the scientist valid results?
D
A stone is thrown straight up. While the stone is rising, its acceleration is
D
Before the 1600s, scientists believed the geocentric theory of the universe, in which the Sun revolved around Earth. The invention of the telescope led to the development of the heliocentric model of the universe. Why did the heliocentric model replace the geocentric theory?
D
Coal and oil have been burned for decades to produce electricity for buildings. However, the Earth's supply of coal and oil can run out. Therefore, these are called non-renewable energy sources. Some studies conclude that these energy sources will run out in this century. What is an example of how physics is being used to create a solution to the fuel problem?
D
Computer simulations are commonly used to model scientific experiments. Consider a simulation that allows students to change the temperature of an ideal gas with a fixed volume to see the effects on the pressure on the gas. What is a disadvantage of using this computer simulation?
D
Equations describing motion in the horizontal direction usually involve
D
In a science lab working with toy cars, students are asked to determine the relationships between the amount of time that passes after each car is turned on and the distance that it travels. Consider the experimental designs of four different groups of students in this lab. Which group's experimental design will best justify their conclusions about the relationships between time passed and distance traveled?
D
In the graph above, deceleration is
D
Jesse is able to do all of his work from home because he works on a computer and uses e-mail and other Internet-based processes to communicate with his company. The technology to make this possible is based on discoveries from physics and has many positive effects, such as saving time, money, and fuel. However, there are negative effects as well. Which is most likely a negative effect that Jesse experiences while doing all of his work from home?
D
Physicists can typically use models in which air resistance is neglected. Air resistance slows down a falling object due to the object's shape. Many physics formulas ignore air resistance when calculating the rate of falling objects. What is the rationale behind ignoring air resistance in certain physics models?
D
Solve this multiplication problem by using the appropriate amount of significant figures. https://media.edgenuity.com/evresources/3211/3211-01/3211-01-05/3211-01-05-assessment/3211-01-05-10.PNG
D
The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion is
D
The zeros in the number 347,000 are
D
What does x indicate on the vector below?
D
What is an indication that a conclusion is pseudoscientific?
D
Which equation would be best to use to solve the following physics problem? While accelerating at a constant rate of 6 m/s² from 12.0 m/s to 18.0 m/s, a car moves over a distance of 60.0 m. How much time does this take?
D
Which is a cause of uncertainty when working with this ruler?
D
Which is a characteristic of good scientific research?
D
Which statement correctly identifies the relationship between displacement and velocity vectors?
D
Why do scientists use models?
D
A 45 kg crate is pushed along the ground at a constant velocity. The force of kinetic friction on the crate is 350 N. If the crate is pushed 1.75 meters in 2.5 seconds, what is the power that is acting on the crate?
a
A 75 kg basketball player jumps up 1 m above the ground. When the player is 1 m above the ground, what is the Earth's acceleration toward the player that is caused by the player's gravitational field? (Earth's mass is 5.97 × 1024 and its radius is 6371 km.)
a
A ball travels around a circle that has a radius of 2.00 m with a velocity of 10.0 m/s. How much work is done on the ball as it moves around the circle?
a
A box with a mass of 5.0 kg is pulled to the right 2.0 m. The box starts from rest and has a final velocity of 1.2 m/s. A 3.5 N force of friction acts on the box. What is the change in gravitational potential energy of the box?
a
A girl is carrying a heavy block in her hand when her hand accidentally hits a wall. When her hand is suddenly squeezed between the block and the wall, it hurts. How do Newton's laws explain why the block hurts her hand?
a
A long, current-carrying wire points into the page. The magnetic field around the wire can best be represented as
a
A planet is orbiting a sun in a distant galaxy in an elliptical orbit. When the planet is closest to the sun, it can cover the longest distance during one Earth year. In this time, it moves a distance, x, along its orbital path and sweeps out an area, y. What represents the area that the planet would sweep out while traveling the shortest distance that it can go in one Earth year?
a
A soccer ball is kicked with a velocity of 25 m/s at an angle of 45° above the horizontal. What is the vertical component of its acceleration as it travels along its path?
a
A spring has a spring constant of 120 N/m. How much elastic potential energy does it have when it is stretched by 12 cm?
a
According to the right-hand rule, if the index finger indicates the direction of the velocity of a positively charged particle, then the thumb indicates
a
An electrician is calculating the resistivity that a metal used in a long, circular conducting wire. He has measured the circumference of the conductor, and he has measured the resistance inherent in the wire when 1 V is supplied to it. What other variable would be most useful for the electrician to determine the metal's resistivity?
a
An electrician is trying to determine which material to use for a wire in order to result in a current of 136 A. She knows that the wire needs to have a cross-sectional area of 65 mm2 and a length of 45 m. Which material most likely results in a 136 A current from a 1.5 V battery?
a
Ariana is working to calculate the power of a baseball pitching machine. The machine pushes a ball that is at rest so that it is going a high speed when it exits the machine. The machine pushes it horizontally. Ariana first finds the mass of the ball, the amount of time that the ball is in contact with the machine, and how far the ball moves while it is in contact with the machine. What else does Ariana need to know to calculate the power?
a
Aroya arrives late to her physics class, so she misses the title of the lecture. The notes she takes after arriving are below. -calculated by -a combination of potential and kinetic -binds planets to their suns and moons to their planets What should Aroya title her notes?
a
Conductivity and resistivity are both determined by
a
Huang and Maurice are two friends who are wondering what the gravitational force between them is. Huang's mass is 54.5 kg and Maurice's mass is 48.9 kg. What gravitational force does Huang exert on Maurice when the two are standing 2 meters apart?
a
If a net force acting on an object is zero, then the velocity of the object must be
a
In a New York City skyscraper, a 550 kg elevator carries 7 passengers up to the 53rd floor. The combined mass of the passengers is 455 kg. The maximum power delivered by this elevator's motor during this trip is 148 kW. What is the best estimate of the elevator's average speed while carrying these passengers?
a
In a certain process, fuel is burned to heat water. The water is converted into steam, which turns a turbine. The turbine produces electrical energy. Which system is responsible for this process?
a
On an Atwood machine, two masses are connected by a massless rope over a frictionless pulley. m2 is twice the size of m1. What is the magnitude of each mass's acceleration? Round to one decimal place.
a
Physicists are trying to find the mass of a particle, so they use a device called a mass spectrometer. In this device, a magnetic field makes a charged particle move in a measurable circle. They find that a particle with a charge of 2.5x10-17C and a velocity of 6.33x104 m/s moves in a circle with a radius of 6.5x10-5 m when it enters a 3.70 T magnetic field. What is the mass of this particle?
a
Rosa is baking a cake. Which list correctly identifies the transducers used in the process and the energy conversions associated with each?
a
Sally sits in a 456 kg car on a frictionless roller coaster. She has just come to the bottom of a 27 m hill. If her speed was nearly 0 m/s at the top of the hill, what is her approximate speed now?
a
Students are calculating the gravitational force exerted by one ball on another ball. The balls are 12 meters apart from each other, and there is a thick 1000 kg brick wall between them. What is the gravitational force that one ball exerts on the other?
a
The current of an electric circuit is defined as
a
The distance between a spaceship and the center of the Earth increases from 2 Earth radii to 6 Earth radii. By what factor does the force of gravity acting on the spaceship change?
a
The electric field lines of a conductor are
a
To calculate the magnetic force on a wire, Ramiro needs to know the magnitude of the electric current. If Ramiro knows how much charge (q) passes through the wire each second (T), which formula can he use to find the magnitude of the current (I)?
a
Two blocks are connected by a string, as shown in the figure. Neither block is moving. The inclined plane makes an angle of 42°. Assuming that the plane is frictionless, what is the mass of the hanging block? Round to two decimal places.
a
Two equal masses are precisely 1 m apart from each other. The gravitational force each exerts on the other is exactly 2 N. What is the value of one of the masses?
a
Two forces act on an object. A 10 N force is directed north, and a 5 N force is directed south. The object moves at constant acceleration of 2 m/s2. What is the mass of the object?
a
Two long, parallel wires carry the currents IA and IB. They have a force per unit length F/l, and they are separated by a distance d. If the distance between the wires doubles, what happens to the force per unit length?
a
What causes a car to accelerate forward on a level, straight road?
a
What is the SI unit for elastic potential energy?
a
What is the magnetic force on a 1.28x10-11 microcoulomb charged particle moving at 2.0 km/s parallel to a 4.5 T magnetic field?
a
What is the most common energy carrier that is purposefully formed by the conversion of other types of energy?
a
When a mass of 0.75 kg is added, the spring (k = 675 N/m) hangs down 35.0 cm. What is the spring's elastic potential energy when it is pulled down to the 65.0 cm point?
a
Which best describes geothermal energy?
a
Which equation is most useful when calculating elastic potential energy?
a
Which is the primary source of energy for Earth?
a
Which statement best describes conservation of energy?
a
Which statement best describes the conservation of energy in this frictionless roller coaster system?
a
Why can power and velocity each be considered rates?
a
Which situations show work being done in a scientific sense? Check all that apply.
a, c , g
What must be true about a particle in order for it to experience a magnetic force while in a magnetic field? Check all that apply.
a, c, d,
Which values must be known in order to calculate the magnetic force exerted on a wire in a magnetic field? Check all that apply.
a, c, d, e,
In which cases does conservation of mechanical energy apply? Check all that apply.
a,b,e
A 2.5-m-long wire carries 1.5 A of current. What is the magnetic field 4.7 cm from the wire?
b
A 25 kg child sits on top of a slide and has 650 J of gravitational potential energy. How high is the slide?
b
A 3570 kg mass is 20.0 m away from a 2210 kg mass. What is the gravitational force between these two masses?
b
A 475 kg roller coaster starts from rest at point W. What is the best estimate of the magnitude of the change in potential energy as the roller coaster moves from point W to point Z.
b
A ball is thrown up and returns to the ground. A plot of distance vs. time is shown below. At what time does the ball have the greatest gravitational potential energy?
b
A box is being pushed up a hill by a truck at a certain acceleration. Ignoring the force of friction, which free body diagram best represents this situation?
b
A boy on a roof throws one ball downward and a second identical ball upward. The ball thrown downward hits the ground with 100 J of kinetic energy. If both balls are thrown at the same speed and there is no air resistance, what is the kinetic energy of the second ball just before it hits the ground?
b
A boy standing on a scale with both feet reads his weight as 600 newtons. If he balances with just one foot on the scale, the reading on the scale will be
b
A child is on a swing. When he is 0.75 m from the ground, he has 325 J of gravitational potential energy. What is the mass of the child?
b
A circuit is powered by an 8.8 V battery. The current initially coming out of the battery is measured as 3.6 A. What is the total resistance in the circuit?
b
A conductor can be charged by induction by
b
A high jumper leaps over a 2.5 m bar. What is his approximate vertical velocity just before landing?
b
A negatively charged particle is traveling in a magnetic field with these directions for the particle's velocity vector (v), the magnetic field lines (B), and magnetic force vector (F). Looking at this diagram, what best describes the motion of this particle?
b
A person is pushing a couch up the side of a ramp into a moving van. He stops for a rest and removes his hands from the crate. In order for the crate to remain at rest, the force of
b
A pitcher accelerates a baseball from rest to 40 m/s in 0.06 s. The pitcher does 116 J of work on the ball. What is the mass of the ball?
b
A planet, Y, is moving in a circular orbit around the Sun. If its distance from the Sun is four times the distance of the Earth to the Sun, what is Y's period in Earth years?
b
A positively charged particle is moving in a circle in a magnetic field near the surface of Earth. When the particle's velocity vector is toward the west, the magnetic force vector is directly up away from the ground and toward the sky. How does the vector of this magnetic field compare to Earth's internal magnetic field?
b
A projectile is launched with an initial velocity of 60.0 m/s at an angle of 37.0º above the horizontal. How far has the object traveled horizontally when it is at its maximum height? Round the answer to one decimal place.
b
A resistor is connected to a battery. When electrons first leave the negative terminal of the power source, they travel north. Which direction is current flowing at the point that is nearest the negative terminal?
b
A rock is shot from a slingshot at ground level. It is shot at an upward angle and follows a normal pathway. If the rock lands 500 m away, how far had the rock traveled when it reached the highest point?
b
A rubber ball is dropped on the floor. The rebound speed is one half the speed it had just before hitting the floor. The ball will rise to
b
A science fiction video game lets players travel through different "universes" that each feature different deviations from the way physics works in the real world. In the Red Universe, all physical formulas are the same as in the real world, but some physical constants have been changed. For example, in the Red Universe, an 85,730 kg space shuttle is attracted to a 4,630,000 kg space station by a gravitational force of 4.78 × 10-5 N when they are 785 m apart. In the Red Universe, what is the gravitational force between this space station and a 65,200 kg space shuttle when they are 905 m apart?
b
A slingshot uses a form of elastic potential energy like a spring. Which statement best describes the energies in a slingshot?
b
A soccer player kicks a ball from the ground with an initial velocity of 25 m/s at an angle of 37° above the horizontal. What are the vertical and horizontal components of the initial velocity to the nearest m/s?
b
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a tower at the same instant that another stone is dropped vertically. Which object will be traveling faster when it hits the ground?
b
A student has measured that it takes 6.7 seconds for 10.5 coulombs to flow through a circuit. What is the current in the circuit?
b
An 11.50 kg mass on a flat, frictionless surface is acted upon by a force applied at an angle of 10° above the horizontal. The mass is accelerating at a rate of 2.23 m/s². What is the magnitude of the force that is being applied at an angle?
b
Current is moving north in a conductor. What is the direction of the magnetic field at point A?
b
Current is moving west in a conductor. What is the direction of the magnetic field at point A?
b
Emilio has a mass of 52.0 kg. He is running 3.0 m/s. What is his kinetic energy?
b
Ernesto is attempting to solve the physics problem below. A woman is pushing a 15 kg object up an incline of 26° on a frictionless ramp. How hard would she have to push if she wanted it to move at a constant speed? Ernesto begins to solve the problem and uses the equation P=mg cosΘ. When he plugs in the values from the problem, he comes up with P=15(9.8)cos26, which leads him to the answer of 132 N. What mistake did Ernesto make?
b
For safety reasons, the speed of a child at the bottom of a playground slide cannot exceed 6.0 m/s. What is the maximum height of the slide? (Ignore friction.)
b
If a car accelerates from rest to 20 m/s eastward, then the car must have a net force acting on it that is
b
If a machine does J of work in 2.50 min, what is the machine's power?
b
If l = 4.33 A in a circuit, how much time will it take for 13 C to flow through the circuit?
b
If the same net force is applied to a 7 kg object and a 21 kg object, then
b
If the velocity of the bob of the pendulum is 3.00 m/s at point B, what is the height of the bob at point C?
b
Irina, a video game designer, is creating a solar system for an adventure game set in space. She develops two planets, one with a mass of 5.8 × 1024 kg and the other with a mass of 7.2 × 1023 kg. The planets are 1.2 × 1011m apart. She needs to determine the gravitational force between the planets in order for the game to work properly. Which expression should Irina use to find the numerical value of the gravitational force?
b
Mary is trying to solve the physics problem below. Two blocks are connected by a string and are motionless. Block 1 has a mass of 12 kg and is resting on an inclined plane that makes an angle of 40°. At the end of the incline, there is a frictionless pulley with a block of unknown mass suspended downward. Assuming that the plane is frictionless, what is the mass of the hanging block? Mary starts to solve the problem by drawing the picture and then free body diagrams. After analyzing the system, she writes (12kg)(9.8m/s2)cos40 = m2g. What mistake did Mary make?
b
Negative work is done on an object when
b
Newton's law of universal gravitation states that the gravitational force between two masses is directly proportional to
b
One of Kepler's laws is represented by the proportionality below. https://media.edgenuity.com/evresources/06e3bf9b819778cd3d9925a1382f2df4.png Which law is this?
b
The force required to overcome static friction is greater than the force required to overcome kinetic friction. This means that
b
The form of energy associated with an object's motion is known as
b
The free body diagram represents a box being pulled to the right for 5 m. How much work is done by the force of friction?
b
The planet Mars has a mass of 6.42 × 1023 kg, and its radius from center to surface is 3389 km. Mars has two moons in orbit about the planet. The closer, larger moon is named Phobos, and its mass is 1.07 × 1016 kg. What is Phobos's acceleration toward Mars when it is 5987 km from the surface of Mars?
b
The reaction to a girl pushing on a box is
b
The swing of a pendulum reaches a height of 1.00 m above its lowest position. What is its speed at its lowest position?
b
This image represents the pathway of an arrow shot from a bow. Which scenario best explains the projectile shown?
b
Two asteroids are traveling at the same speed in the same direction. They are 3.87 × 105m away from each other. One asteroid's mass is 1.32 × 109kg, and the other asteroid's mass is 8.93 × 106. What is the gravitational force between the two asteroids?
b
Two large crates are experiencing a gravitational force of 1.87 × 10-4 N toward each other, represented by the force vector in this image. What is the value of M2?
b
Two parallel wires carry currents of 122 mA and 175 mA in the opposite direction. The wires are separated by 33.4 cm. What is the magnetic force per unit length between the two wires?
b
Two vans are on perpendicular roads. One van has a mass of 1205 kg and is 65 km due west from the intersection. The other van has a mass of 1830 kg and is 75 km, north, from the intersection. What is the best estimate of the force of gravity between these two vans?
b
Two very large crates are sitting across a field from each other. Calculate the gravitational force between the two crates.
b
Two weights are connected by a light string that hangs over a massless pulley. Weight A rests on a frictionless inclined plane that makes an angle of 71º above the horizon. Weight B is suspended by the string on the other side of the pulley. The weights are not moving. If weight B has a mass of 11.6 kg, what is the mass of weight A? Round to two decimal places.
b
Use Kepler's law to find the time (in Earth's years) for Mars to orbit the Sun if the radius of Mars' orbit is 1.5 times the radius of Earth's orbit.
b
What is a device that converts input energy in one form into a different form of output energy?
b
What is an advantage of fossil fuels?
b
What is the SI unit for kinetic energy?
b
What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of a newly discovered planet if its mass is 1.50 1022 kg and its radius is 1.50 106 m?
b
What type of energy is seen in this object?
b
Which process is responsible for the energy release of a uranium atom?
b
Which set of equations relates the watt to the base units of mass (kg), distance (m), and time (s)?
b
Which situation most likely represents motion in two dimensions?
b
Work, according to physicists, is defined as
b
Yossi is pushing a heavy suitcase along the ground. Yossi is pushing the suitcase at an angle down and forward to make it move at a constant velocity forward. If Yossi knows the force of his push and the velocity of the suitcase, what must first be determined to calculate Yossi's power while the suitcase moves?
b
physical property called power is best defined as
b
Which of the following have the net magnetic field pointing into the page at point A? Check all that apply
b, c,
A 0.5 kg ball is dropped from rest from the top of a 2.0 m tall building. What is the magnitude of the work done by the force of gravity after the ball drops 1.0 m?
c
A 0.50 kg ball is lifted to a height of 3.0 m. What is the gravitational potential energy of the ball?
c
A 10.2 kg box is held in place on a smooth ramp by a rope parallel to the incline and attached to a stake at the top of the ramp. What is the tension in the rope if the angle of inclination of the ramp is 35º?
c
A 1680 kg car is carrying a 72 kg passenger. The car puts out 2850 N of force while driving 15 m/s. What is the power of the car's motor while driving 15 m/s?
c
A 171 N force is being applied to a 900 N crate. While the force is applied, the crate slides across the floor at a constant velocity. What is the magnitude of the frictional force on the crate?
c
A 2 kg bucket is suspended by a light rope that passes over a pulley. If the rope is tugged and the bucket is accelerated upward 1 m/s2, the tension on the rope will
c
A 2.0 kg ball is moving at 4.0 m/s. What magnitude of work is needed to stop the ball?
c
A 5 kg mass is dropped from a platform and strikes the ground in 4 seconds. If a second 5 kg mass is shot horizontally from the same platform, it will hit the ground in
c
A 60 kg skateboarder is at the top of a ramp with a slope of 15°. If the skateboarder begins riding the board down the ramp, how long would it take to reach a velocity of 15.22 m/s? (Ignore friction and round to one decimal place.)
c
A ball is being spun around on a string as shown. If the string breaks at point R, the ball will travel in the direction shown by the arrow labeled
c
A ball is thrown up and comes back down. Which student correctly identifies the signs of work done by the force of gravity?
c
A boy pushes on a 10 kg box, causing it to accelerate 2 m/s2. The net force on the box is
c
A constant 10 A current flows in a circuit with a resistance of 200 . The net charge passing through any point in the circuit during a 1 minute interval is
c
A crate slides down a 35° ramp at a constant velocity. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the crate and the ramp? Round to two decimal places.
c
A force of 16.0 N is applied at an angle of 60° above the horizon to a 1.50 kg mass sitting flat on a horizontal surface. What is the acceleration of the mass along the horizontal surface? (Ignore frictional forces.)
c
A long wire carries current I. The magnetic field strength is B at distance r away from the wire. If the current were doubled and the distance were cut in half, what would be the new magnetic field strength?
c
A long, straight wire produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field forms
c
A machine generates 15 kW of power while pushing an object in a straight line at 31 m/s. What force is the machine using to push the object?
c
A particle is traveling in a 3.83 T magnetic field at an angle of 60 to the field lines. The particle has a charge of 2.75 × 10-18C, and the magnitude of its velocity is 42,000 m/s. What is the magnetic force on this particle?
c
A roller coaster car at rest at the top of a hill starts rolling down the hill and reaches a speed of 20.0 m/s at the bottom of the hill. Assuming the track is frictionless, what was the speed of the car when it was halfway down the hill?
c
A student performed an experiment in which he added different weights to different springs. The student pulled the weights down to different distances, released them, and then recorded the period as each weight moved up and down in simple harmonic motion. He conducted many trials and recorded the average period time for each weight in this table. Which weight had the greatest elastic potential energy at the bottom of its motion?
c
Aaron runs into his house and heads up the stairs. When he runs up the stairs, he raises his 115 kg body up 2.75 m in 1.33 s. His vertical motion is upward at a constant velocity. What is Aaron's power while running up the stairs?
c
According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two masses is inversely proportional to
c
An 11 kg weight is pushed up a ramp with an incline of 15°. The weight is being pushed by a horizontal force of 118 N. What is the component of force that is pushing in the direction of motion?
c
An astronomer is comparing the space objects below. The astronomer is working to identify the dwarf planet, Pluto, which is the least tightly held by the gravitational pull produced by the Sun's kg mass. Which object did the astronomer identify as Pluto?
c
An object of mass m is lifted to a height y where it has gravitational potential energy Ug. If the same mass is lifted to 3y, what is the new potential energy?
c
At some point between the Earth and the moon, the gravitational pulls of each cancel out and result in a net gravitational acceleration of 0. Considering that the mass of the moon is 1/81 the mass of the Earth, how far along the path from Earth to the moon does the gravitational acceleration equal 0?
c
Bob pushes a box on a rough surface a distance, d, with a force, F. Then he pushes the box on a smooth surface with the same force, but it travels twice the distance. The work done on the box is
c
Consider the position of point Z in this electric circuit. In which direction is current flowing at point Z?
c
Four circuits use four different kinds of metal in their wires. The wires each have the same long length, and the voltage supplied to each circuit is the same. The wire that has the ability to move the most charge the most quickly will have
c
If the power of an engine is known and the amount of time that the engine exerts this power is known, what can be calculated?
c
In a current-carrying wire, resistance occurs because
c
In a current-carrying wire, the ratio of the current density to the magnitude of the electric field is called the wire's
c
In a non-isolated system, the energy transferred to the environment equals
c
In order for a magnetic field to exert a force on an electric current, the current must
c
Noah and Alina each carry 5.0 kg of books up one flight of stairs. Noah carries his books in 5.0 s, and Alina takes 10.0 s. Who does more work on the books?
c
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants under the sun make the sugars necessary for growth and repair. What type of energy transfer occurs during photosynthesis?
c
Roberto is trying to solve this physics problem: A projectile is fired at a velocity of 300 km/hr. In 5 minutes, the projectile is 1 km above the ground and has traveled 25 km horizontally. What is the speed of the projectile when it hits the ground? He draws this diagram to help solve the problem. What could Roberto have done differently to better represent the projectile?
c
Shona is playing in the outfield during a softball game. When she catches a ball, there is an action force of 100 newtons on her glove. What is the reaction force?
c
The free body diagram represents a box being pulled to the right. Which force does positive work?
c
The horizontal component of a projectile's initial velocity is 50 m/s, and the vertical component is 120 m/s. To the nearest m/s, what is the magnitude of the initial velocity?
c
The parabolic path of a projectile assumes
c
The word "normal" in the phrase "normal force" indicates that the force
c
Two bodies, masses m1 and m2, attract each other with force F. If one of the masses is tripled, the new gravitational force will be
c
Two long, parallel wires carry a current I1 and I2 out of the page. The wires are separated by a distance d. What is the direction of the magnetic field at I1 caused by I2?
c
Two long, parallel wires carry a current of 5 A in the same direction. At what point is the net magnetic field zero?
c
Two long, parallel wires carry the currents IA and IB. They have a force per unit length, , and they are separated by a distance, d. Which set of currents would result in four times this force per unit length if the wires remain the same distance apart?
c
What is common to all fossil fuels?
c
What is the change in kinetic energy of a 2.0 kg ball moving whose velocity increases from 0 m/s to 4 m/s?
c
When a 0.150 kg mass is hung from a spring with a spring constant of 25 N/m, the spring stretches down 5.9 cm. What is the magnitude of the force acting on the spring?
c
Where is the error in this table?
c
Which describes energy at the moment a roller coaster pauses at the peak of the coaster hill?
c
Which equation can be used to find power, P, in terms of force, distance, and time?
c
Which is an example of a system that converts solar energy into electrical energy?
c
1 kilowatt hour is equal to
d
A 1 kg ball is falling freely toward Earth. The action force is on the ball toward the Earth. What is the reaction force?
d
A 123.4 kg crate on a flat surface is acted upon by a force applied at an angle of 53° above the horizontal. The crate is accelerating at a rate of 0.3 m/s². What is the magnitude of the force that is being applied at an angle? Round to two decimal places.
d
A 1235 kg car is at rest on the road. The car's tires hold the body of the car 0.355 m above the ground. What gravitational force does the body of the car exert on the Earth? (Earth's mass is 5.97 × 1024 and its radius is 6371 km.)
d
A 2.0 m long pendulum is released with a push when the string is at an angle of 25 from the vertical. If the initial speed of the pendulum is 1.2 m/s, what is its speed at the bottom of the swing?
d
A 600 kg object moving toward Earth experiences a gravitational field strength of 2.34 m/s2 at a point along its path. How far is this point from the center of the Earth? (Earth's mass is 5.97 × 1024 kg.)
d
A copper box, brass box, and aluminum box of the same mass are at rest on a steel plane. One side of the plane begins to lift, creating a ramp. The brass box starts to slip at an angle of 27°, the copper box starts to slip at an angle of 30°, and the aluminum box begins to slip at an angle of 31°. Rank the boxes according their coefficients of static friction from the highest to the lowest.
d
A current of 6.9 A flows through a 10.0 m wire that lies perpendicular to a 4.5 T magnetic field. What magnetic force is exerted on the wire?
d
A particle with a charge of 4.5x10-18C has a velocity of 2.5x104m/s while traveling in a magnetic field. The field's strength is 3.05 T, and the particle experiences a magnetic force of 3.26x10-13N. What is the angle of this particle's motion compared to the magnetic field?
d
A skydiver is jumping out of a plane at a height of 5000 m above Earth's surface. While calculating the skydiver's acceleration toward Earth at that height, which value can be ignored?
d
A spring has 12.5 J of potential energy when it is pulled 14.7 cm from its equilibrium position. What is the value of the spring constant?
d
A spring has a spring constant of 5500 N/m. How far is the spring from the equilibrium position when it has 25 J of elastic potential energy?
d
A student performed an experiment in which he released different balls from different heights and calculated the velocity right before each ball hit the ground. He performed ten trials for each ball and height setup, and then he made this table showing the averages of the measured velocities for each setup. Which setup had the greatest gravitational potential energy?
d
A student rolls a marble (mass = 0.25 kg) down a ramp at different heights and calculates the velocity of the marble at the bottom of the ramp. In which trial does the force of gravity do the most work?
d
A transducer is shown below. Why is this classified as a transducer?
d
If a horizontal force moves a crate across the floor and another force is applied at an angle above the horizontal, the force of kinetic friction
d
If the action force is a player kicking a soccer ball, then the reaction force is
d
In a nuclear power plant many energy transformations occur. The diagram below shows the process that produces energy in a nuclear power plant. The uranium rods are used in process 1, and electricity is produced in the generator. What is the correct sequence of energy conversions that occur in a nuclear power plant?
d
In an electric circuit, 12 amperes is flowing at point A. How many coulombs of charge pass through point A in 4 seconds?
d
In which diagram does the line represent the semi-major axis used to calculate the period of an orbit?
d
Is it possible to have negative gravitational potential energy?
d
Julien is working on his physics homework, and one question provides him with the power of an elevator, the force that it exerts while going up, and the distance that it moved while taking passengers a certain distance. If Julien knows the force, the distance, and the power, what can he calculate about the motion of the elevator?
d
Newton's shell theorem states that the net force of gravity exerted by a uniform spherical shell of matter on a particle within the shell is
d
Orbits are elliptical with two foci, one of which is the Sun. This statement is known as Kepler's
d
The ampere (A) is the scientific unit for current. 1 ampere is equal to
d
The electric field inside a conductor is
d
The weight of a 0.5 kg object on the surface of Planet X is 20 N. If the radius of the planet is 4.0 × 106 m, what is its mass?
d
Two 40.0 kg masses are 350.0 m apart. What is the gravitational force between the masses?
d
Two masses are released from the top of a tower. One slides down a frictionless ramp and the other falls straight down. Which one is moving faster when it reaches the bottom?
d
What is a disadvantage of using wind power?
d
What is the acceleration of a 0.200 kg ball that is thrown with a net force of 80 newtons?
d
What is the force on a 8.75x10-6C charged particle moving at 3.60 km/s perpendicular to a 3.44 T magnetic field?
d
What is the net force (F) on a 15 kg object at rest on a horizontal surface with a normal force of N?
d
What type of energy production is described in the table?
d
When a car is pushed by a tractor with a force, F, the car exerts a force against the tractor that
d
When discussing a gravitational field, the term strength refers to a value of
d
Where does the kinetic energy come from in a planetary system?
d
Which charged particle is most likely to experience a magnetic force?
d
Which equation can be used to calculate power?
d
Which is an example of a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy? a ball rolling down a hill
d
