Physics Final Circular Motion

Which of the following is due to inertia? a. A ball whirled in a circular motion stays in one plane. b. A ball whirled in a circular motion experiences centripetal acceleration directed toward the center of motion. c. A ball whirled in a circular motion experiences a centripetal force directed toward the center of motion. d. A ball whirled in a circular motion will move off in a straight line if the string breaks.

d. A ball whirled in a circular motion will move off in a straight line if the string breaks.

Kepler's laws of planetary motion reconciled a. Ptolemaic theory with Copernican theory. b. Ptolemaic theory with Copernicus' data. c. Copernican theory with Newton's law of universal gravitation. d. Copernican theory with Tycho Brahe's data.

d. Copernican theory with Tycho Brahe's data.

Evidence confirms that gravitational mass a. depends on gravitational field strength. b. varies with location. c. depends on free-fall acceleration. d. equals inertial mass.

d. equals inertial mass.

When a person holds a ball above Earth's surface, the system contains gravitational potential energy. Where is this potential energy stored? a. in the ball b. inside Earth c. in the person holding the ball d. in the gravitational field between Earth and the ball

d. in the gravitational field between Earth and the ball

When a car makes a sharp left turn, what causes the passengers to move toward the right side of the car? a. centripetal acceleration b. centripetal force c. centrifugal force d. inertia

d. inertia

A centripetal force acts a. in the same direction as tangential speed. b. in the direction opposite tangential speed. c. perpendicular to the plane of circular motion. d. perpendicular to tangential speed but in the same plane.

d. perpendicular to tangential speed but in the same plane.

The speed of an object orbiting another object depends on a. only the mass of the orbiting object. b. only the mass of the object being orbited. c. the masses of each object and the distance between them. d. the mass of the object being orbited and the distance between the objects.

d. the mass of the object being orbited and the distance between the objects.

If you were to stand on a bathroom scale in an elevator that is accelerating downward, the bathroom scale would measure a. your weight. b. your mass. c. the force due to gravity between you and Earth. d. the normal force between you and the scale.

d. the normal force between you and the scale.

Which of the following statements is correct? a. The farther the force is from the axis of rotation, the more torque is produced. b. The closer the force is to the axis of rotation, the more torque is produced. c. The closer the force is to the axis of rotation, the easier it is to rotate the object. d. The farther the force is from the axis of rotation, the less torque is produced.

a. The farther the force is from the axis of rotation, the more torque is produced.

How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between the objects doubles? a. The force decreases by a factor of 4. b. The force decreases by a factor of 2. c. The force increases by a factor of 2. d. The force increases by a factor of 4.

a. The force decreases by a factor of 4.

Newton's law of universal gravitation a. can be used to derive Kepler's third law of planetary motion. b. can be derived from Kepler's laws of planetary motion. c. can be used to disprove Kepler's laws of planetary motion. d. does not apply to Kepler's laws of planetary motion.

a. can be used to derive Kepler's third law of planetary motion.

Tides are caused by a. differences in the gravitational force of the moon at different points on Earth. b. differences in Earth's gravitational field strength at different points on Earth's surface. c. differences in the gravitational force of the sun at different points on Earth. d. fluctuations in the gravitational attraction between Earth and the sun.

a. differences in the gravitational force of the moon at different points on Earth

What is the centripetal acceleration of a skater moving with a tangential speed of 2.0 m/s in a circular path with radius 2.0 m? a. 1.0 m/s2 b. 2.0 m/s2 c. 4.0 m/s2 d. 8.0 m/s2

b. 2.0 m/s2

Which of the following correctly expresses Kepler's second law? a. Planets travel in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus. b. A planet sweeps out equal areas of its orbit in equal time intervals. c. A planet's orbital period is proportional to the planet's distance from the sun. d. A planet's orbital period is independent of the planet's mass

b. A planet sweeps out equal areas of its orbit in equal time intervals.`

Centripetal acceleration must involve a change in a. an object's tangential speed. b. an object's velocity. c. both an object's speed and direction. d. the radius of an object's circular motion

b. an object's velocity.

What is the centripetal force that holds planets in orbit? a. inertia b. gravitational force c. planetary force d. Kepler's force

b. gravitational force

Centripetal force can be calculated from centripetal acceleration by a. dividing by the mass. b. multiplying by the mass. c. squaring the acceleration and dividing by the radius. d. squaring the acceleration, multiplying by the mass, and dividing by the radius.

b. multiplying by the mass.

What term describes a change in the speed of an object in circular motion? a. tangential speed b. tangential acceleration c. centripetal acceleration d. centripetal force

b. tangential acceleration

If the torque required to loosen a nut on a wheel has a magnitude of 40.0 N•m and the force exerted by a mechanic is 133 N, how far from the nut must the mechanic apply the force? a. 1.20 m b. 15.0 cm c. 30.1 cm d. 60.2 cm

c. 30.1 cm

How would the speed of Earth's orbit around the sun change if Earth's distance from the sun increased by 4 times? a. It would increase by a factor of 2. b. It would increase by a factor of 4. c. It would decrease by a factor of 2. d. The speed would not change.

c. It would decrease by a factor of 2.

According to Copernicus, how do planets move? a. Planets move on small circles called epicycles while simultaneously orbiting Earth. b. Planets move in circular orbits around Earth. c. Planets move in circular orbits around the sun. d. Planets move in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus.

c. Planets move in circular orbits around the sun.

What term describes a force that causes an object to move in a circular path? a. circular force b. centripetal acceleration c. centripetal force d. centrifugal force

c. centripetal force

The force that Earth exerts on the moon a. is greater than the force the moon exerts on Earth. b. is less than the force the moon exerts on Earth. c. is equal in magnitude to the force the moon exerts on Earth. d. causes tides.

c. is equal in magnitude to the force the moon exerts on Earth.

What is the speed of an object in circular motion called? a. circular speed b. centripetal speed c. tangential speed d. inertial speed

c. tangential speed

What does G stand for? a. free-fall acceleration b. gravitational field strength c. the constant of universal gravitation d. gravitational force

c. the constant of universal gravitation