physio, ch. 1 mastering
You want to display data on the finish times of the 10 fastest race horses in a single race at the Kentucky Derby.What type of graph would be best to display this information?
Bar graph
The study of body function in a disease state is
Pathophysiology
Which word best describes variability in homeostatic setpoints as a result of living in different environments?
acclimatization
________ are kept within normal range by physiological control mechanisms which are used if the variable strays too far from its ________
Regulated variables, setpoint
Which of the following are used to keep our systems at or near their setpoints?
Feedback loops
Which of the following is a buffer zone between the outside world and most of the cells of the body?
extracellular fluid
The following is a list of several levels of organization that make up the human body. 1. Tissue 2. Cell 3. Organ 4. Molecule 5. Organism 6. organ system. The correct order from the smallest to the largest is
4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5.
Which of the following best describes the concept of negative feedback as it relates to homeostasis?
A negative feedback response demonstrates a fluctuation around a setpoint.
Which is the best example of the law of mass balance?
Eating a salty meal causes the kidney to secrete sodium.
Excretion is a function of the body. Which of the following would be considered excretion?
Movement of salt from sweat glands to the surface of the skin.
Questions 16 through 19 are based on the following situation: You have been invited to take part in an exercise study assessing the effect of a newly developed sports drink on athletic performance. Both sports drinks are marketed as enhancing aerobic capacity if consumed immediately prior to exercise, such that the same exercise can be performed with a smaller increase in heart rate and respiration. After consuming either the new beverage or the control beverage, you will run 20 minutes on a treadmill at a pace determined by the investigator. The study is being conducted by a graduate student. You point out to the graduate student that the control beverage, a popular drink among the athletes on campus, is readily recognizable, whereas the test beverage is a nasty greenish brown color. You warn the experimenter that the results might be affected by a __________ effect.
PLACEBO
Oxytocin is a hormone that is released in response to cervical dilation. It in turn causes more uterine contractions that will further dilate the cervix. What type of feedback loop does oxytocin trigger?
Positive feedback
You have collected these data from 50 of your fellow students, some of whom are sophomores and others juniors: the number of process maps/flow charts each student created while studying for the physiology exam and the score each student earned on the exam. You predict that exam scores are higher for students who created more maps/charts. These data are best represented with which type of graph?
Scatterplot
The hormone cortisol is secreted in a circadian rhythm, with the highest levels at breakfast time and lowest around midnight. What statement below is the most likely explanation of this observation?
The homeostatic setpoint for cortisol varies over a 24-hour cycle.
You have collected these data from 50 of your fellow students, some of whom are sophomores and others juniors: the number of process maps/flow charts each student created while studying for the physiology exam and the score each student earned on the exam. You predict that exam scores are higher for students who created more maps/charts. What is the independent variable?
The number of maps/charts
Which of the following systems does NOT exchange material with the internal and external environments?
circulatory system
The law of mass balance states
if a substance is to remain constant any gain must be offset by an equal loss.
Homeostasis is the ability of the body to
quickly restore changed conditions to normal.
Which system has components that include the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes?
the immune system
Physiology is the study of
the normal function of living organisms.
Which of the following best describes the clearance concept?
the volume of blood cleared of a substance per unit time