Physio Lab 11 - Respiratory Physiology and PhEx 7 - Respiratory System Mechanics

Pneumothorax

Air in the pleural cavity caused by a puncture of the lung or chest wall and leading to a lung collapse is known as ___ ?

Residual Volume RV

Amount of air REMAINING in the lungs after forceful and complete expiration is known as the ___ ___ ?

Forced Vital Capacity FVC

Amount of air that can be expelled when the subject takes the deepest possible inspiration and forcefully expires as completely and rapidly as possible is known as ___ ___ ___ ?

Expiratory Reserve Volume ERV

Amount of air that can be forcefully expired after a normal tidal volume expiration is known as the ___ ___ ___ ?

Inspiratory Reserve Volume IRV

Amount of air that can be forcefully inspired after a normal tidal volume inspiration is known as the ___ ___ ___ ?

Type 2

Surfactant is made by which type of alveolar cells ?

Respiration rate

The FREQUENCY of breathing within 1 MINUTE is also called ___ ___ ?

Tidal Volume TV

The amount of air (in milliliters) that is moved in or out of the lungs with each breath under resting conditions is known as ___ ___?

Lung Compliance

The ease with which the lung is able to fill with air, is affected by the Distensibility (elastic recoil) of the lung tissue and the surface tension in the alveoli, is known as ___ ___ ?

Emphysema

The loss of elastic recoil in lung tissue that destroys the walls of the alveoli, usually associated with smoking. This condition is known as ___ ?

Ventilation

The movement of air into and out of the lungs is known as breathing or ___ ?

Alveolar Surface tension

The polar attraction of liquids, water molecules are more attracted to each other rather than the molecules in gas is called Cohesion or ___ ___ ___ ?

Transmural pressure

The pressure difference that occurs across the airway wall, keeping it in a state of elastic tension is called ___ ___ ?

Intrapleural pressure

The pressure in the pleural cavity is called the ___ __ ?

Lung Elasticity

The tendency of the lungs to return to their original size after distension is called ___ ___ ?

Partial Pressure

The term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood that contribute to the total pressure is known as the ___ ___ ?

Minute Ventilation

Total VOLUME of air inhaled and exhaled each MINUTE is called ___ ___ ? Note: ? (ml/min) = TV (ml/breath) x BPM (breaths/min)

Forced Expiration

When abdominal wall muscles and the internal intercostal muscles also contract during expiration to force additional air from the lungs is it called ___ ___?

Inspiration

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, the volume in the thoracic cavity increases , allowing atm gas to enter the lungs, is a process called ___ ? Hint: Phase 1 of breathing

Expiration

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax, the pressure in the thoracic cavity increases as the volume decreases, forcing air out of the lungs, is a process called ___ ? Hint: Phase 2 of breathing

Chloride Shift

carbonic anhydrase is in RBC's so at the tissues to balance bicarbonate ions diffusing out of cells (because CO2 enters RBC, carbonic anhydrase converts, bicarbonate diffuses out to plasma) (vice versa at lungs), Cl- enters. This process is known as ___ ___ ?

Active

Inspiration is considered an (active/passive) process?

Total Lung Capacity TLC

Maximum amount of air contained in lungs after a maximum inspiratory effort is called the ___ ___ ___ ? Hint: ??? = TV + IRV + ERV + RV

Vital Capacity VC

Maximum amount of air that can be inspired and then expired with maximal effort is called the ___ ___ ? Hint: ?? = TV + IRV + ERC

Forced Expiratory Volume FEV1

Measures the amount of the vital capacity that is expired during the first second of the FVC test and known as ___ ___ ___ ?

Atelectasis

A collapsed lung is also termed ___ ?

Surfactant

A detergent like mixture of lipids and proteins that DECREASES surface tension by reducing the attraction of water molecules to each other is known as ___ ?

oscilloscope

A device which converts sound waves into an electrical signal on a screen.

Acute Asthma Attack

Bronchiole smooth muscle spasms and airways become constricted, reducing diameter, also becoming clogged with thick mucus secretions. This condition is known as ___ ___ ___ ?

Passive

Expiration is considered an (active/passive) process?