PHZB 605 Exam 1 - Body Fluids
Volume-Osmolarity diagrams are provided for initial and equilibrium conditions and are to be used for the next 3 questions. - dehydrated - drinking a lot of water without peeing - sea water
Dehydrated: -decrease ECF volume -increase ECF mOsm/Kg (due to increase in solute conc.) -increase ICF mOsm/Kg --> equilibrium -decrease ICF volume Drinking a lot of water w/o peeing: -increase ECF volume -decrease ECF mOsm -decrease ICF mOsm -increase ICF volume Trapped at sea-- forced to drink see water GUESS: Cells would shrink -increase ECF volume -increase ECF mOsm -decrease ICF volume -increase ICF mOsm
Lymphatic fluid is considered a component of which body fluid compartment?
Extracellular
Red Blood Cells (RBCs) contribute towards which body fluid compartment?
Extracellular
In examining the substances listed the Table to the right, which substance concentration would be considered outside of its normal range?
Intracellular Fluid concentration Na+ 10 Cl- 4 HCO3- 10 K+ 140 Ca2+ 0.0001 Mg2+ 50 PO4-, SO4- 150 Proteins 40 Glucose 20 Extracellular Fluid concentration Na+ 145 Cl- 105 HCO3- 24 K+ 4 Ca2+ 2.4t/1.2ub Mg2+ 1.2 PO4-, SO4- 8 Proteins 5 Glucose 90
Plasma osmolality is typically measured to be 300 mOsm/L whereas the Interstitial fluid may be closer to 290 mOsm/L. The difference in osmolality between these two compartments is due to which of the following described processes?
More proteins in the plasma that can't cross to get to interstitial fluid — increasing the osmolality
The body systems regulate water balance most readily by which process?
Osmosis
Salts are dissolved in H2O in a sphere of hydration by which described process?
Osmosis: Sphere of Hydration - electrostatic attraction between water and NaCl - negative water charges align with positive Na+ ions - positive water charges align with negative Cl- ions
Please use the figures and information below to answer the next 2 questions. A patient who was described as part of the crew painting the Clark Memorial Bridge arrives at the ER in somewhat of a stuporous state. The co-worker who is with the man says that his buddy had not really had any fluid that he knew of over the entire morning. The ER staff runs the following dye dilution tests to ascertain the body fluid compartment volumes. The data is presented graphically. QUESTION 1: The patient's total body, extracellular and plasma compartment volumes were determined to be which of the following "rounded" answer choices? QUESTION 2: After reviewing the above report for accuracy, the clinical preceptor then asks the medical student to determine the intracellular volume change in this patient from what is considered to be the standard man. Which answer choice represents the difference in intracellular volume requested by the clinician?
QUESTION 1: Tritiated Water: Total Body Fluid (expected value: 40 L) Inulin: Extracellular Body Fluid (expected value: 14 L) Evans Blue Dye: Plasma Body Fluid (expected value: 3 L) Amount injected (mg) Volume (mL) = -------------------------------- Final Concentration (mg/mL) QUESTION 2: Intracellular = Total Body Fluid - Extracellular Body Fluid Change in ICF = 25 L - measured ICF (L)
Osmosis may be described best by which of the following statements?
The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from where water IS to where water IS NOT. Water moves due to Brownian Motion AND the attractive electrochemical forces generated by an unequal Sphere of Hydration around dissolved solute molecules/ions on one side of the semipermeable membrane
The Transcellular body fluid compartment in a normal, healthy, 70 kg male would be closest to which of the following volumes? - Name all other compartments and associated volumes
Transcellular 1 L Extracellular 14 L - interstitial 11 L - Plasma 3 L - Lymph Intracellular 25 L
Using the data presented in the accompanying table, which of the following when dissolved in 1 L of H2O would most closely approximate the osmolality of plasma?
given gms: gms/MW=m -- Osmolality=im(symbol) 300 mOsm/L = Plasma Osmolality
