Planting and Maintaining Trees and Shrubs

Ball

(including balled and burlapped) refers to soil encasing roots of plants being transplanted. the ball of soil around the roots, which keeps them from being disturbed is often bound in burlap or similar mesh material

Site Evaluation

1.slope 2.hardiness zone 3.soil type 4.exposure 5.amount of light 6.drainage 7.space or size 8.soil pH/ Nutrient availability

volcano mulching

the heaping of mulch around and againast a tree trunk. the resulting cone of mulch, which resembles a volcano, keeps the bark wet and provides an environment for disease organisms which can cause wood decay

staking

the practice of driving a pole or rod into the ground close to the stem of a young plant providing support during its vertical growth

tamping

the practice of firming loosened soil into which seeds or transplants have been placed

grafting

the process of implanting a scion (a detached living portion of a plant) into a growing plant (called the stock) so that cambium layers make contact with each other, thus allowing the scion to obtain nourishment (water and nutrients) from the stock

root-bound

undesirable condition of a plant that has grown too long in a container so that its roots have become "chocked"

sun scald

when radiant heat from the sun strikes a newly exposed or frozen plant or the fruit of a plant tissue is destroyed and the plant or fruit is said to be sun-scalded. a plant may appear to have sun scald if subjected to very high temperatures or extreme winter cold, resulting in damage to the bark

frost

temperature below the dew point, causing freezing condition and a covering of minute ice particles on exposed objects

plant spacing

the distance in inches or feet between individual plants growing in a row.

trunk flare

the flare is the spreading portion at the base of a tree trunk that connects with the roots

root pruning

a method for fostering the development of a branch root system, helpful in transplanting or as a method of invigorating the plant

heeling in

a method of storing plants temporarily by burying or covering their roots with materials such as sawdust or soil

dwarf

a plant which is undersized for its age, but is at the same time strong and healthy

pot-bound

a potted plat, the roots of which have become thickly matted

Clump

an aggregate of crowns or roots, able to be easily divided or moved

Heaving

occurs in winter as a result of alternate freezing and thawing.

deep rooted

plants with deeply growing roots as contrasted with roots growing on or close to the surface

lifting

refers to the digging of a plant that has to be replanted

row spacing

distance in inches or feet between plant rows

monoculture

growing only one type of plant. has an effect that is the opposite of biodiversity and can sometimes be responsible for the spread of plant disease

contour planting

horizontal planting in row that follow the contours of a slope or grade to better control water drainage and erosion of soil

Bare root

in the wintertime or in early spring, many varieties of deciduous plants are sold with their roots bare. dormant plants are dug from the soil, have their roots cleaned and trimmed, and are prevented from drying out until the time they should be planted