poli sci exam 2
single-member district electoral systems tend to produce
2 or 2 plus party systems
in democratic societies, large political parties are typically
2 plus party systems aimed at the idea that parties are coalitions of interest groups
under which of these systems is party discipline likely to be highest
a highly centralized system in which candidate selection is in the hands of party leadership
interest groups typically approach ___ looking for a favorable interpretation of existing rules and regulations
administration
In the USA today, which of the following characteristics would make a person less likely to vote?
age (young), education, how far away a poll place is, males voting less, weekday voting, politics is boring, negative ads
in proportional representation systems that use party lists, what types of individuals can expect to be at the top of those lists
people with long term party experience, loyalty
countries that use single member districts tend to have ___ systems
majoritarian
polls can track public opinion as well as
shape it
if a "first past the post" country has three viable political parties, but no one ever reaches 50 percent of the vote, what is the most likely result over time
smaller parties will merge with one another
which method of polling is best but is very expensive and time-intensive
surveying responders in person
which of the following is a product of a single-member district electoral system
the first-past-the-post two party system
single member districts produce winners based on
the plurality of votes
what group or groups do interest groups tend to over-represent
the wealthy and businesses
more women than men have voted in recent u.s. elections, reflecting the task that
they have higher education/ went to college
which of the following is true about the average ballot in europe
80% turnout, choice of party, limit advertising, automatic registration, elections on sundays
if you were interesting in designing a country with moderate, centrist, and pragmatic politics, what feature would you be most likely to support
?? i think this is your own opinion ???? i say automatic registration and voting on weekends
which of the following is not a result of proportional representation electoral systems
ARE: multimember districts- each district sends several representatives to parliament instead of just one party lists
which of the following is not a political negative effect of interest groups playing an active role in politics
ARE: skewing policy, stalemating political power, scandal
when the number of parties is greater than five or six, Sartori finds that parties compete in a __ manner
Center-fleeing
According to Sartori, parties become more moderate when competing in a ________ manner.
Center-seeking
party systems are most easily categorized by the number of parties in them. a system with several parties contesting elections but only one of them ever winning is called a ___ system
Dominant Party
how does education affect the likelihood that people will vote
Education increases the sense of participation, which makes people more likely to follow political news and more likely to vote.
which statement explains why the issue of access challenges the pluralist theory
Pluralists assume that all groups have access to policy makers when some groups are actually shut out of the system almost entirely
which statement helps to explain why Sweden has a higher voter turnout rate than the united states
Sweden has a rather complete political spectrum
what is one reason that in most of the world, cities have higher voter turnouts than rural areas
Urbanites tend to be better educated.
interest groups in the united states tend to over-represent
business interests and wealthy people
in most democratic countries, major parties attempt to be ___ to win a large number of votes
catchall
churches, clubs, businesses and soccer leagues are all elements of
civil society
on a left-right ideological spectrum, which types of parties are farthest left
communist party
___ look(s) for individuals' views about specific leaders, events and issues
culture
which statement explains why public opinion is an important consideration for both democratic and authoritarian governments
democracy- public opinion can be seen as backup and a detailing device for inputting mass views into politics, a way to fine tune elections authoritarian- lack of public support could end this regime
___ details, legally, how elections are run
electoral system
to prevent interest groups from influencing politics, it would be necessary to curtail their
freedom of expression
what range below contains the ideal number of survey respondents for an accurate reflection of public opinion in a large population (millions)
in the thousands
which of the following is a disadvantage of single member district electoral systems
inaccurate, unfair, boring
people with more ___ and higher ___ are more likely to vote and participate in politics
income; education
a pollster can decrease a poll's margin of error by
increasing the sample size
which of the following is a reason that the telephone survey is the most common polling method in the united states
inexpensive
what does public opinion polling provide that election results cannot
insight into citizens' views on specific issues
_____ is a non publicly accountable organization that attempts to promote a shared private interest by influencing public policy outcomes
interest group
which of the following would you expect to see in a country with routinely high voter turnout
may have a sort of political fever in which partisan politics may become too intense
in the usa today, cities have __ turnouts than rural areas because
more; they are closer to voting polls
political parties differ from interest groups because parties
must win elections to influence policy
what is american voter's general response to ballots
never a high voter turnout
which of the following is a function of political parties
nominate candidates
which of these is a strategy that interest groups tend to avoid
nominating a candidate to run for public office
which of the following is viewed as a disadvantage of proportional representation electoral systems
not accountable, not stable, parties splinter
elections rarely show
opinion
which is a major shortcoming of a government that is heavily influenced by interest groups
people do not have the resources to organize into a group that can influence government
suppose you belong to a single-issue interest group with very little funding. which of these is your best approach to influencing public policy
perform high profile acts of civil disobedience
which term describes a democratic system where all kinds of people with different opinions and values compete to influence government government policy
pluralist society
which of these statements describes the theory of countervailing power regarding interest groups
pluralist theory- interest groups face off against each other and are forced to come to a consensus
studies of _____ look for basic, general values on politics and government
political culture
which of these is a characteristic of single party systems
political system in which a single party controls every level of government and is the only legal party and elections are rarely competitive
Citizens' reactions to current, specific issues and events is called
public opinion
studies of ___ look for individuals views about specific leaders, events, and issues while studies of ___ look for basic, general values on politics and government
public opinion; political culture
in the united states today, which of the following factors would make a person more likely to vote
race& ethnicity ; older, educated, wealthy, urban/suburban, female, registered, non minority
the most accurate public opinion polls utilize which of the following methods
random sampling (mail/online/phone)
"________________ voting" refers to voters choosing whether or not to vote for a candidate based on overall incumbent performance, especially in regard to the economy.
retrospective
