Political Science, Ch 3 (Marone)

the national government has tight control of states through orders or mandates, often without accompanying financial resources.

Coercive Federalism

must approve interstate compacts before they can take effect

Commerce

defines obligations and powers of both the national and state governments.

Congress

guarantees that the citizens of each state are afforded the same rights as citizens of other states.

Constitution of the United States

__________ federalism is defined as a flexible relationship between the national and state government in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs.

Cooperative

is a legal process whereby an alleged criminal is surrendered by officials of one state to officials of the state in which the crime allegedly occurred

Extradition

14) What historical event gave rise to greater cooperation between levels of government? a. Revolutionary War b. Civil War c. World War I d. Great Depression

Great Depression

are the functions and actions that Congress could perform in order to exercise its enumerated powers.

Implied Powers

defined as a strict separation of powers between the national and state governments in which each layer has its own responsibilities and reigns supreme within its constitutional realm

Layer-Cake or Dual Federalism

The case that laid the groundwork for a central bank and a unified economy in the United States

McCulloch v. Maryland

17) Which era of federalism favors high levels of national funding and a high degree of national supervision? a. dual federalism b. cooperative federalism c. New Federalism d. "New" New Federalism

New Federalism

occurs when a national law or regulation takes precedence over a conflicting state or local law or regulation.

Preemption

Is defined, by the Supreme Court in Gibbons v. Ogden, as intercourse among the states.

Privileges and Immunities Clause

26) Unlike their counterparts, _________ provide a fixed amount of funds for specific government programs, thus not automatically covering everyone who qualifies. a. grants-in-aid b. block grants c. specific-use grants d. categorical grants

block grants

27) Which kind of grants have low levels of national supervision and high levels of national funding? a. grants-in-aid b. block grants c. specific-use grants d. categorical grants

block grants

10) Which of the following is not an example of a reserved power? a. organizing state elections b. coining money c. public education d. public health

coining money

21) The United States has always emphasized a. community participation over centralized administration. b. centralized administration over community participation. c. community participation over decentralized administration. d. decentralized administration over community participation.

community participation over centralized administration.

3) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of federalism? a. coordination across levels of government b. protecting individual rights c. providing sources of innovation d. responsiveness to local needs

coordination across levels of government

13) The ___________ clause says that the national government may wield powers "necessary and proper" to support its function. a. supremacy b. full faith and credit c. elasticity d. inherent powers

elasticity

19) Which of the following is the federal government responsible for? a. education b. town governments c. internal improvements d. establishing election policy

establishing election policy

1) Which level(s) of government is/are responsible for regulating business? a. federal b. state c. local d. federal and state

federal and state

11) Being able to use your driver's license in any state is an example of the _____ clause. a. necessary and proper b. full faith and credit c. supremacy d. inherent powers

full faith and credit

22) Federal funds that came with specific instructions about how to spend the money were known as a. grants in aid b. block grants c. Pell grants d. specified grants

grants in aid

15) Which of the following is a key feature of New Federalism? a. grants in aid b. heavy use of block grants c. limited state income tax d. increased income tax

heavy use of block grants

6) Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of federalism? a. coordination b. individual rights c. poor policies d. inequalities across layers

individual rights

25) Congress's authority to establish a national bank exemplifies its ________ powers. a. concurrent b. inherent c. reserved d. delegated (K)

inherent

2) Which of the following is not a granted power to Congress? a. organizing state elections b. handling US foreign policy c. establishing post offices d. raising an army

organizing state elections

18) When the national government sets goals for programs and expects the state to achieve them they are practicing a. cooperative federalism b. progressive federalism c. new federalism d. original federalism

progressive federalism

12) Under dual federalism, which of the following is NOT one of the three major areas of responsibility for the federal government? a. international relations b. internal improvements c. regulating commerce between the states d. providing public education in the states

providing public education in the states

4) "Laboratories of democracy" relates to which advantage of federalism? a. choosing between communities b. protecting individual rights c. providing sources of innovation d. responsiveness to local needs

providing sources of innovation

7) Which of the following describes competition between states and localities, where providing better social services for poor people will drive out businesses and attract poor people? a. coordination b. race to the bottom c. poor policies d. inequalities across layers

race to the bottom

16) Which of the following is NOT a good example of an unfunded mandate? a. reducing federal funding for food stamps b. first responders subsidies c. No Child Left Behind Act d. increasing the minimum wage

reducing federal funding for food stamps

20) The juxtaposition that shapes American politics, governing practices, and policy making is best demonstrated by the phrase: a. relatively strong nation, relatively weak national government. b. weak nation, strong national government. d. relatively weak nation, relatively strong national government. c. strong nation, weak national government.

relatively strong nation, relatively weak national government.

8) Building railways, borrowing money, and regulating business are examples of ___________ powers. a. police b. reserved c. inherent d. concurrent

reserved

5) Citizens in Massachusetts desiring greater government involvement in social policies than those in Montana reflect which advantage of federalism? a. choosing between communities b. protecting individual rights c. providing sources of innovation d. responsiveness to local needs

responsiveness to local needs

23) According to the authors, Americans _________ and _______ governing power more extensively than any other modern country. a. separate, divide b. combine, distribute c. decentralize, divide d. none of the above

separate, divide

29) Taking a state policy that works well and creating a national policy is an example of how the federal government a. creates fairness b. equalizes resources c. resolves problems of coordination d. standardizes best practices

standardizes best practices

28) Public education would be a good example of what kind of power or powers? a. federal b. state c. concurrent d. local

state

31) Most American court cases are adjudicated in a. federal courts b. military courts c. state courts d. international courts

state courts

30) The Constitution is the final law of the land based on the a. necessary and proper clause b. supremacy clause c. full faith and credit clause d. commerce clause

supremacy clause

24) A reason for historical shifts in the Supreme Court can be traced to a. state courts b. the bureaucracy c. the party in power d. the president

the party in power

9) When the federal government requires all schools hire new teachers but does not provide funding for the teachers this is a(n) a. funded mandate b. taxable mandate c. check mandate d. unfunded mandate

unfunded mandate