POLS 207 EXAM 2 Participation Chapter 4

All of the following are intrinsic rewards of voting EXCEPT A. direct personal benefits. B. patriotism. C. sense of duty. D. allegiance to democracy.

A

At the founding of this country, voting was limited to males who met all of the following qualifications EXCEPT A. occupations in the legal profession. B. twenty-one years of age. C. resided in the voting district for a certain period. D. owned a considerable amount of land.

A

Grassroots lobbying is often very effective in bringing specific issue positions to a legislator's attention because A. legislators pay attention to their constituents. B. form letters are very compelling. C. legislators ignore the opinions of their constituents. D. people are not allowed to make direct contact with their legislators.

A

Lobbyists spend the bulk of their time on A. monitoring the content and progress of bills affecting their clients. B. hosting fundraisers and receptions. C. recruiting candidates for office. D. organizing protests on behalf of their clients.

A

Nonviolent protests are constitutionally protected by the A. First Amendment to "peaceably assemble." B. Fourth Amendment to "protect against search and seizure." C. Fifth Amendment protections against self-incrimination. D. Eighth Amendment prohibiting "cruel and unusual punishments."

A

One of the effects of the Twenty-Sixth Amendment has been A. greater turnout among college students compared to young workers. B. more support for the Democratic Party. C. more support for liberal causes. D. all of the above.

A

The diversification of state economies A. highly correlates with weaker interest group systems. B. does not correlate with weaker interest group systems. C. is unrelated to the level of influence interest groups have in a particular state. D. highly correlates with strong interest group systems.

A

The major drawbacks to voting online include all of the following EXCEPT A. a possible decrease in voter turnout. B. inability to accurately verify a voter's identification. C. difficulty preventing hackers from "stealing" an election. D. increasing the "digital divide" that exists between rich and poor in America.

A

The most politically powerful age group in the states is A. senior citizens. B. young college students. C. voters under 40 years of age. D. voters under 30 years of age.

A

The textbook defines voter turnout as A. the percentage of the voting age population that votes. B. the percentage of registered voters that cast ballots. C. the raw number of people who vote. D. the number of senior citizens who vote.

A

The object of the Fifteenth Amendment was to extend the franchise to former black slaves and A. discourage them from running for political office. B. prohibit voter discrimination on the basis of race. C. limit the number of whites who could vote. D. grant suffrage to women.

B

The political influence of Hispanics in state government is still very limited for all the following reasons EXCEPT A. lower Hispanic voter turnout. B. strong Hispanic voter unity. C. many Hispanic resident aliens who are ineligible to vote. D. language barriers.

B

Voter participation rates among Hispanics are A. higher than those for African Americans. B. lower than those for African Americans. C. higher than those for whites. D. lower than those for Asians.

B

Which of the following is not an example of an organization of people who band together in an attempt to influence public policy? A. political action committees B. partisan politics C. political parties D. interest groups

B

While there is a general impression that all lobbyists have a corrupting influence on the political system, most lobbyists actually A. buy votes on issues from elected officials. B. provide an informational service to public officials. C. have no influence on the process at all. D. are truly corrupt.

B

A form of protest that involves breaking "unjust" laws and actively seeking punishment to emphasize the injustices of the law is known as A. confrontation. B. violence. C. civil disobedience. D. civil obedience.

C

All majority-minority districts A. have been deemed unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. B. do not qualify as racial gerrymanders. C. provide greater opportunities for minorities to get elected. D. are not comprised of a majority of racial or ethnic minorities.

C

Higher voter turnout levels in some states can be attributed to A. little or no party competition. B. stringent voter registration requirements. C. states with strong party organizations. D. states with a less educated and poorer population.

C

Interest group strength in the states can be attributed to all of the following explanations EXCEPT A. economic diversity. B. party strength. C. governmental unification. D. professionalism.

C

Interest groups employ all of the following tactics to influence public policy EXCEPT A. public relations campaigns. B. giving PAC donations to candidates. C. running candidates for the purpose of controlling government. D. schmoozing with elected officials

C

Most states require some kind of voter registration in order to A. know how the voters live. B. provide addresses for telemarketing. C. prevent fraud. D. assist the national census.

C

One of the most effective ways southern state legislatures legally disenfranchised black voters was through A. simplified registration procedures. B. a motor voter requirement. C. the "white primary." D. an "open primary."

C

Overall, what interest groups are most numerous in state politics? A. Environmental interests B. Social interests C. Economic interests D. Educational interests

C

The real key to success in protest activity is found in the A. level of violence that occurs. B. opposition of the governor to protest group demands. C. media coverage of protest group activity. D. opposition of the legislature to protest group demands.

C

When comparing different interest group systems throughout the states, A. there is no visible difference in the relative level of interest group influence. B. all have dominant interest group systems that exert considerable influence over policy making. C. interest groups vary in their level of policy impact categorized as either dominant, complementary, andsubordinate systems. D. all have subordinate systems in which interest groups have little policy influence or impact.

C

Which of the following explanations is NOT a reason why historically fewer women participated in politics than men? A. Women were socialized into more "passive" roles. B. Women with children and family responsibilities did not have the opportunity to fully participate in politics. C. Women were forbidden to hold elective office in accordance with the U.S. Constitution. D. Women did not have educations or occupations equivalent to those of men.

C

A major factor contributing to the growing strength of interest groups in the states can be explained by the A. stricter lobbyist registration procedures. B. lenient rules promoting bribery and corruption. C. decreasing role in campaign finance. D. increasing role in campaign finance.

D

Congressional acts protecting the voting strength of racial minorities have included which of the following "tests"? A. "Intent" test B. "Effects" test C. "Totality of circumstances" test D. All of the above

D

Increasing voter turnout may be accomplished by A. same day voter registration. B. personal contacts made by candidates or political parties. C. increased media coverage of elections. D. all of the above.

D

Nonvoters tend to be A. younger. B. less educated. C. Independents. D. all of the above.

D

Often the objective of a protest is to A. demonstrate satisfaction with the status quo. B. focus on the diversity of the group. C. assist the ratings of the news media. D. acquire bargaining power by otherwise powerless groups.

D

Taking advantage of their political experiences, many successful professional lobbyists are A. political science professors. B. corporate CEOs. C. citizens with political grievances. D. former elected officials.

D

The 2000 presidential election demonstrated the need for reform in A. states' electoral systems. B. media coverage because of the flaws in exit polling data used to "call" an election. C. how ballots are cast and counted. D. all of the above.

D

The Nineteenth Amendment constitutionally guarantees voting rights for A. former slaves. B. nonproperty owners. C. eighteen-year-olds. D. women.

D

The gender gap is evidenced by which of the following differences? A. Women are more likely than men to vote for Democratic candidates. B. Women are more likely than men to be affiliated with the Democratic Party. C. Women legislators tend to give children's issues a higher priority than men. D. All of the above

D

Voting consistently in state and national elections is called A. active political participation. B. selective political participation. C. obsessive political participation. D. sustained political participation.

D

States have largely lost their monopoly in determining voting qualifications for all of the following reasons EXCEPT through A. constitutional amendments. B. state statutes. C. congressional statutes. D. Supreme Court decisions.

B

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 accomplished all of the following EXCEPT A. the abolishment of literacy tests. B. a ban on poll taxes. C. the replacement of some local registrars with federal registrars. D. a simplified registration procedure.

B

A legislature with higher legislator salaries, full-time responsibilities, and significant resources is referred to as a/n A. amateur legislature. B. professional legislature. C. satisfied legislature. D. efficient legislature.

B

A voter who seeks to maximize personal benefits and minimize costs is viewed as a/n A. personal voter. B. rational voter. C. irrational voter. D. dedicated voter.

B

An interesting phenomenon is that weak party states frequently have A. weak interest group systems. B. strong interest group systems. C. interest groups that exert no influence over the policy making process. D. strong competitive political parties.

B

Legislation mandating states provide people the opportunity to register to vote at drivers' license and welfare agencies is commonly known as the A. "Licensed Voter" Act. B. "Motor Voter" Act. C. Civil Rights Act. D. Voting Rights Act.

B

PAC contributions are heavily weighted in favor of A. challengers over incumbents. B. incumbents over challengers. C. minority party candidates in the state legislature. D. no one because they are not a major source of funding.

B

Popular participation in government is the very definition of A. politics. B. democracy. C. voting. D. lobbying.

B

Requiring state lobbyists to register and submit reports about their membership and finances is designed to A. restrict their contacts with state officials. B. spotlight the activities of lobbyists. C. reveal the corruptive practices of politicians. D. focus on the need for higher lobbying fees.

B

State legislatures tend to have more conflicts of interest than Congress largely due to A. a lack of legislation outlawing bribery. B. the sheer number of part-time lawmakers. C. the absence of conflicts of interest. D. campaign contributions.

B

The cost of securing public safety during protest activities is the primary responsibility of A. the federal government. B. state and local governments. C. the news media. D. the protestors.

B