Populations Bio 101

Which of the following statements about human population growth is true? (a) human population size has increased faster and faster throughout human history (b) during a demographic transition, birth rates typically drop first due to the availability of the reliable contraception (c) human population size on Earth today is at equilibrium (d) demographic transition is a transition from high birth rates and high death rates to low birth rates and low death rates

d

An important reason that human birth rates today far outstrip death rates in developed countries is ______

increased health care

The human population on Earth is expected to reach 9.5 billion people by______

2050

fertility rate

in a human population, the average number of children produced by a woman over her life time

Which of the following is the most accurate comment on Earth's carrying capacity for people? (a) our technology has allowed us to keep increasing K (b) when it comes to humans, the concept of K is irrelevant (c) the human population is still a long way from K (d) K is smaller now than it was thousands of years ago

a

Which of the following would likely decrease the Earth's human carrying capacity? (a) increasing meat production (b) improving agricultural technology to increase sustainability crop yields (c) reducing fossil fuel consumption (d) delaying the age of first reproduction

a

demographic transition

a shift from zero population growth in which birth rates and death rates are high to zero population growth characterized by low birth and death rates

Which of the following increases population growth? (a) the increased availability of birth control (b) delayed age at first reproduction (c) medical advances that decrease infant mortality (d) an increase in the death rate, perhaps due to war or epidemics

c

population momentum

in a population in which r=0, the continuation of population growth as girls in the pre reproductive age group reach their reproductive years

age structure

the number of individuals in different age groups in a population