Posi2310 test 3

There are roughly ______ registered lobbyists who work in Washington

12000

What percentage of party activists work within local political party organization?

95%

Countries with multiparty system tend to have what kind of electoral system?

A proportional representation system

Support for poverty programs is highest among which religious denominations?

Catholics, Jews

Which of the following explain why Europeans with less education and income vote at higher rates in their countries than their American counterparts?

Class based European organizations encourage participation Americans face more voter registration requirements

The _______________ Party had the platform that was skeptical of a centralized government, advocated for state rights, and had party strength in small farmers.

Democratic-republican

Even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?

Encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party Drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the major candidates

Even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?

Encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates

True or False: Americans in the lowest 20 percent of income earners have the highest levels of participation in the united states.

False

The text explores which three major frames of reference through which Americans evaluate political developments?

Ideological leanings group attachments partisanship

Which of the following has the lowest voting rates?

Independents

Americans' opinions about politics are formed in large measure through which of the following frames of reference?

Leaning toward particular ideologies, identifying with political parties

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true?

Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office. Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns

Which of the following d policy makers rely on when they want to develop and implement policies that reflect the views of the public?

Opinion polls

A _______________ is a coalition of interests joined to get its candidates for public office elected.

Political party

Which statements best describes the prevalent view of the public concerning protest activists in the United States?

Protest activity should be tolerated

Which are the major political parties in the united states?

Republican party democratic party

The in-party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on

The conditions of the economy

What law did congress enact in 1993 that required states to allow people to register to vote when applying for a driver's license or public assistance?

The motor voter act

Which of the following statements about political and community leaders are true.

The president has the greatest influence on public opinion, They influence people's opinions, Their influence depends on their standing with the public

Democratic voters tend to live in which of the following regions?

West coast Northeast Northern midwest

People who believe that citizens ought to participate in political affairs are likely to describe voting as an exercise in

civic duty

True or false The internet has overtaken television as the principal medium of election politics

false

Era of Jacksonian Democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extension of voting rights to citizens without property, contributed to an almost ____________ Increase in election turnout.

fourfold

Although some people believe it is insignificant, which of the following may result if IDs are not required for voting?

increased fraud

Which of the following refers to how strongly people feel about their positions on an issue-- for example, "very important" or "not important at all"

intensity

An organization that seeks to influence government decision making is referred to as a

interest group

To date, the internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for

mobilizing supporters fundraising

A public opinion _________ is designed to estimate the views or sentiments of the public.

poll

In what area has virtual participation been a tangible asset for political campaigns?

small-donor fundraising

Primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the top two finishers compete in the general election are called_________ primaries

top two

True or false: Rather than being the result of an abrupt shift to a single disruptive issue, realignments are caused by gradual changes in response to several issue

true

Americans participate more in politics than do citizens of other western democracies except in which of the following activities?

turning out to vote on election day

current election laws in the United States favor

two party system

Suffrage is the right to______________.

vote

Which of the following are examples of the effect economic class has no political opinion?

Income levels affect Americans' opinions on some public policy issues, Welfare assistance has a higher support among lower-income Americans than higher-income Americans.

Very similar to interest groups, political parties are known as _______________ because they act as a major connection between "the people" and the government.

Linkage mechanisms

Approximately 95% of party activists work at the ________ level of the political party organizational structure.

Local

Who led the impassioned plea for tougher gun control measures after the Parkland shooting?

Parkland students

Which of the following ranks the amount of media coverage of candidates from highest to lowest?

Presidential candidates senate house

_______________ is a type of third/minor party that was created as a result of a split within one of the major parties.

Splinter party

Which of the following is NOT a part of the current Democratic Party agenda?

Traditional/family values

True or False: Americans are often inconsistent in their government policy preferences.

True

True or false: The accuracy of a poll is reduced when respondents express an opinion on an issue even though they have not thought about the issue before.

True

The proportion of eligible adult citizens who actually vote in a given election is known as____________________.

Voter turnout

The __________ Party was created mostly to function as a political opposition to President Andrew Jackson and his Democratic Party.

Whig

Unlike CNN ,Fox News was launched with the purpose of

adopting a partisan approach to the news

Which of the following is NOT a part of the current Republican Party agenda?

advocacy for labor unions

Which of the following would be considered expressions of public opinion?

approval ratings for a city's mayor Participating in a telephone poll concerning candidates for national election turnout at a political rally

Which of the following voting blocs has moved heavily into the Democratic Party since the 1960s?

black Americans

Political parties and their ability to control politics in the United States have been weakened by ___________ centered campaigns

candidate

Over 70 percent of Americans' political participation via community activities takes place in which of the following?

civic organizations church related groups school-related groups

What protest movement of the modern era has had the most lasting effect?

civil rights

Which of these groups vote at above average rates?

college-educated individuals upper-income Americans

Where in American politics is the impact of public opinion felt most clearly?

congress

Which of the following refers to a situation in which multiple group loyalties diminish a person's identification with a single group?

crosscutting

Since the great Depression, Which party's agenda has included a strong commitment to provide a safety net for the most vulnerable members of society

democratic

The civil war triggered a party realignment. What were the two major parties following this realignment period?

democratic and republican party

Which of the following forms of political participation require citizens to spend a comparatively large amount of personal resources?

demonstrating for political causes volunteering in a political campaign

The Black Lives matter movement has sought, primarily, to highlight

disparities in local officials' treatment of black and white citizens

state parties are involved with which of the following activities

election of us senators voter registration

Third parties that break off from the one of the two dominant parties are known as

factional parties

Super PACs are legally forbidden from which of the following?

giving money directly to candidates giving money directly to political parties

The tea party movement did not support which of the following policies?

higher taxes government subsidies for health insurance

The Occupy Wall Street movement was aimed predominantly at which issue?

income inequality

Senior citizens in the United States have a __________ rate of voter turnout than voters under the age 30 do.

much higher

Most partisan internet sites also take the _________ approach described in the tuffs University study

outrage

__________________ is an election or a set of elections in which the electorate responds strongly to an extraordinarily powerful issue that has disrupted the established political order.

party realignment

What is the process by which we develop our political values and opinions?

political socialization

Opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?

republican

_________ error (accuracy of a poll) is expressed as a plus or minus percentage

sampling

Party identification can affect ___________ perception, the process whereby people choose from incoming information those elements that support the things they already believe.

selective

Which of the following arguments drew large support for passing the Twenty-Sixth Amendment, granting eighteen year olds the right to vote?

since eighteen year olds were eligible for the draft, they should also be able to vote

_____________________ is the form of electoral system in which the candidate with the most votes in a district wins the office.

single-member district

Many voters cast a _________, where they only vote for candidates of one party

straight ticket

More people in the United States participate in election campaigns than people in others countries do because

the United States has more elected posts than other countries do

In terms of political socialization, which of the following is considered a primary agent?

the family

What is the key to a poll's accuracy?

the size of the sample

America's plurality, or winner take all, system of electing candidates works to the disadvantage of

third parties

Why did the communist movement fail in America?

Its goals were at odds with American values.

Match each philosophy accordingly

Populism- Political philosophy expressing support for greater economic equality and for traditional social values Libertarianism-Political philosophy that supports individual liberty in both social and economic areas of life Economic Liberalism- Political philosophy that believes the government should aid those in need Economic Conservatism- Political philosophy that believes that the free market should dictate the workings of the economy

Why do men and women differ in their political opinions?

Their political opinions reflect their gendered positions in society, which tend to differ.

Which of the following statements are true regarding U.S. elections?

They allow voters to choose party nominees. They are held more frequently than in other countries.

A group that raises and spends money for the purpose of influencing the outcome of an election is known as

a political action committee

The elimination of the ______________ meant that radio stations no longer had to air a conservative if they aired a liberal one

fairness doctrine

True or false: Todays candidates are more likely than before to owe their nomination to the efforts of their political party organization.

false

Our tendency to grow up as Democrats or Republicans is often established by

family

Which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?

federalists democratic- republicans

Which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?

focus of the campaign length of the campaign amount of money required

The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a(n)_____________ gap

gender