post midterm 8-13

Holometabolous

A form of insect development in which metamorphosis is complete, following four stages of development: egg → larva → pupa → adult

Hemimetabolous

A form of insect development in which metamorphosis is incomplete, lacking a pupal stage

Ametabolous

A form of insect development in which there is no metamorphosis and immature individuals appear very similar to adults

False

A nematode is a segmented worm.

False

A polychaete is a pseudocoelomate.

Segmentation

A primary characteristic of the phylum Annelida is:

Batesian mimicry

A type of mimicry in which a harmless species looks like a species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to predators.

True

Arthropods are the most abundant and diverse animals on Earth.

Males significantly preferred the smaller female (-), whereas females significantly preferred the showier male (+).

Based on what you learned from the PowerPoint on the fish choice experiment, what is your interpretation of the results of this graph?

Ecdysis

Because the exoskeleton is rigid, arthropods must shed it periodically to grow in a process known as molting, or __________.

uterus Clonorchis

Check two boxes: Identify the organism, and the part that is colored brown. (black)

mantle; muscular foot; visceral mass

Choose the main parts uniting the various groups of mollusks.

carapace/Antenna/Telson/Uropod

Crayfish body part

True

Deuterostomes are said to have indeterminate development. This mean that the fate of embryonic cells is not determined until late in development. If cells are separated during early embryonic development then those cells can become genetically identically multiple individuals.

True

Development of the embryo in birds, mammals, turtles, lepidosaurs, and crocodilians occurs in amniotic membranes.

earthworm cross section

Dorsal blood vessel; Typhlosole; Coelom; Ventral nerve cord

madreporite; plate that regulates water pressure in the water vascular system

Echinoderm body plan;

Segmentation Chitinous exoskeleton Three tagmata Cephalization & sense organs Jointed appendages

Features of the arthropod body plan include:

False

Fungi are plants.

Opisthokonta

Fungi are within the lineage:

True

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.

a notochord was present during their larval stage

How come tunicates and lancelets are classified as chordates even though they have no backbone?

Cephalopoda; Bivalvia

Identify the two classes shown (octopus and clam).

False

In contrast to Mammalia and Aves, the Lepidosaurs are both endothermic and homeothermic.

Deuterostoma

In echinoderms and chordates, following gastrulation, the blastopore becomes the anus and the mouth forms from a break in the archenteron. The clade united by this kind of development is collectively name the

Molting the outer cuticle

In nematodes, ecdysis refers to:

ectomycorrhizal relationship

In this photo, a fungus cloaks the roots of a conifer. What kind of relationship is this?

Hirudin

Leeches use an anticoagulant called _________________ to prevent their host's blood from clotting.

poisonous

Many species in the phylum Basidiomycota are known to be:

Anthozoa

Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.

Hydrozoa

Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.

Scyphozoa

Match each specimen from phylum Cnidaria to its class.

Coelomate

Match the correct answer to the correct body plan, A through

Pseudocoelomate

Match the correct answer to the correct body plan, A through

acoelomate

Match the correct answer to the correct body plan, A through

Crypsis

Match the correct strategy to photos 1-4

Crypsis 2

Match with background

False

No living cephalopods have an external shell.

Sample Size

Number of variable within a group

cellular

Sponges (Porifera) are said to have which level of organization?

head; foot

Squid and octopuses are in Phylum Cephalopoda. What is the derivation of the name "Cephalopoda"?

False

The body plan of cnidarians is composed of two cell layers, the epidermis (from ectoderm) and the gastrodermis (from endoderm). Therefore, these simple animals are triploblastic and have well developed organ systems.

Paraphyletic; it excludes insects

The informal group 'crustacea' is _______ because ________

Cnidocytes

The organism above contains stinging cells that allows it to catch prey and that also give the phylum its name. What are these cells called?

fruiting body

The reproductive structure of a fungus that contains many hyphae and produces spores

asexual production of a new polyp

This is a Hydra whole mount. What is taking place on the left?(the fat head)

False

Unique characteristics for the mammals include hair, mammary glands, and being endothermic and homeothermic. No other chordates are endothermic and homeothermic.

ostia; osculum

Water flow is an important aspect of any sponge's life. The water flows in through the ____________, and out through the ____________.

Head, thorax, abdomen

What are the three tagmata of insects?

An oligochaete lacks parapodia

What is one difference between a polychaete and an oligochaete?

stomach; foot

What is the Greek/Latin derivation of the name gastropod?

Chilopoda

What is the class of this organism?

Nematoda

What is the phylum of this organism?

Telson; Part B

What is the structure indicated by the arrow?

cnidocyte

What is this unique stinging cell called that is possessed by Cnidarians?

the one with the most negative answer and least error bar.

Which of the bars represents a treatment with a significantly negative effect on heart rate: A, B, C, or D?

Trematoda

Which of these taxa is characteristically (almost entirely) parasitic?

budding yeast(c,d) the ones that looks like a peanut shape

Which yeast cells are budding: A, B, C, D, or E?

to give a reliable baseline for comparison on how an organisms reacts under "normal" circumstances so that it becomes possible to compare treatment groups to an untreated group

Why is it important that you have a control group in an experiment?

So we are accurately measuring which half of the tank the fish is in.

Why, in the guppy choice experiment, is it important that the tank be centered over the red line?

confidence interval

approximately the meant +- 2*standard error

squid external

arms/eye/mantle/siphon/tentacle

Zygomycota

bread molds

Ophiuroidea

brittle stars

Basidiomycota

club fungi

Crustose

crust like

Mycelium

densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus

Porifera structure

flagellum;food particles;choanocyte;amoebocyte;collar

bivalvia dissection

gills/posterior retractor/anterior retractor muscle/mantle/posterior adductor/labial palps/foot/anterior adductor muscle

Foliose

leaf-like lichen

tube feet

movement and suction

Diploid

mushroom

haploid mushroom (B)

mushroom

squid internal

penis/gonad(testis)/kidney/intestine

Ascomycota

sac fungi

Holothuroidea

sea cucumbers

Crinoidea

sea lilies and feather stars

Asteroidea

sea stars

Enchinoidea

sea urchins and sand dollars

fruticose

shrub-like

Standard Error

the standard deviation of items divided by the square root of the sample size

Mullerian mimicry

two or more unpalatable species resemble each other

mean

value sum/sample size