Practice Assessment: Drug Class Focus Renal

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for bumetanide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

"report changes in hearing" Rationale: high-ceiling loop diuretic. promotes diuresis by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the thick ascending limp of the loop of Henle

A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of lactulose to a client who has cirrhosis. The client states, "I don't need this medication. I am not constipated." The nurse should explain that in clients who have cirrhosis, lactulose is used to decreased levels of which of the following components in the bloodstream?

ammonia Rationale: lactulose prevents absorption of ammonia in the colon. Ammonia in the bloodstream occurs in the liver

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has liver failure with ascites and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

decreased sodium level Rationale: potassium-sparing diuretic that inhibits the action of aldosterone, resulting in an increased excretion of sodium

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for colchicine orally to treat gout. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following findings is an adverse effect of colchicine?

diarrhea Rationale: GI effects

A nurse is caring for a client whose serum potassium level is 5.3 mEq/L. Which of the following scheduled medications should the nurse plan to administer?

furosemide Rationale: furosemide results in loss of potassium from the nephron as part of its diuretic effect. Can lower potassium levels

A nurse is assessing a client who has HF and is prescribed furosemide. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication?

leg cramps

A nurse is caring for a client who has HF and a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following lab values should then nurse review before administering furosemide?

potassium Rationale: loop diuretic, excretion of potassium

A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?

potassium Rationale: loop diuretic, promotes the excretion of potassium

A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?

vancomycin Rationale: an antibiotic

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ciprofloxacin to treat an uncomplicated UTI. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

"Monitor tendon pain" Rationale: can cause tendinitis and tendon rupture

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse should plan to administer the client's PRN bethanechol when the client reports which of the following manifestations?

an inability to void Rationale: cholinergic medication that stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, thus improving the tone and motility of the smooth muscles of the urinary tract enough to initiate urination.

A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who takes furosemide. The nurse should recommend which of the following foods as the best source of potassium?

bananas Rationale: increase potassium

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who is receiving IV therapy. The nurse should recognize that which of the following findings indicates fluid volume excess?

bounding pulse pitting edema crackles upon auscultation

A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and a new prescription for ondansetron to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea. For which of the following adverse effects should then nurse monitor?

headache Rationale: analgesic relief is often required

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?

hematocrit (Hct) Rationale: antianemic medication that is indicated in the treatment of clients who have anemia due to reduced production of endogenous erythropoietin, which may occur in clients who have end-stage renal disease or myleosuppression from chemotherapy.

A nurse is caring for a client who has HF and is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

hyperuricemia Rationale: uric acid, notify the provider for any tenderness or swelling of the joints

A nurse is caring for a client who has HF and a new prescription for furosemide. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?

hypokalemia