Practice Exam 2

NCPDP

the only standards development organization that focuses on pharmacy service. it works to develop & maintain standards for each step in the prescribing process. it has also established e-prescribing standards known as SCRIPT.

You have been asked to prepare 20 mL of a drug dilution of 50 mg/mL from a stock solution of 2 g/5 mL. How many milliliters of diluent will be needed?

use formula: (IS)(IV)=(FS)(FV), where 2g/5ml is initial strength, 20mL is the final volume, and 50mg/ml is the final strength, which yield an initial volume of 2.5ml. final volume (20ml)- initial volume (2.5ml)= amount of diluent (17.5ml)

sharps container

used needles should be disposed in a red plastic sharps container to prevent individuals from being injured by needles.

You have a 10% solution of dextrose. How many grams of dextrose are in 500 mL of this solution?

w/v% is defined as the number of grams/100 mL. Calculate using the following formula: Final volume × Percent (expressed as a decimal) = Amount of active ingredient: 500 mL × 0.1 = 50 g.

TRICARE

was formerly known as Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS)

AAC

ACTUAL ACQUISITION COST is the price that is paid for a drug after all discounts and costs have been applied

AWP

AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICE is the national price is the national calculated average price that a pharmacy might pay for a given size of drug

Osteoporosis medications

Actonel, Evista, and Fosamax

medication indicated to prevent stroke

Aspirin, Coumadin, Plavix

diphenhydramine

Benadryl

The infusion rate of an IV is over a 12-hour period. The total exact volume is 800 mL. What would be the infusion rate in mL/min?

Calculate rate/hour and then divide by 60 min/hr: 800 mL/12 hr = 66 mL/hr; 66 mL/hr/60 min/hr = 1.11 mL/min.

which of the following is not a medical doctor?

Chiropractors are not medical doctors and are unable to prescribe medications, an ophthalmologist's specialty is eye diseases, psychiatrists are concerned with affective disorders, and veterinarians are medical doctors for animals.

Biaxin

Clarithromycin-macrolide antibiotic

Medicare Part C (Medicare + Choice)

provides health care options in addition to those covered under Medicare Parts A & B.

What term describes the willingness of the patient to take a drug in the amounts and on schedule as prescribed?

Compliance is an act of adhering to particular directions. The ease of administration is a factor in a patient's compliance of taking a medication. Both first and second pass are components of pharmacokinetics

What would be the infusion rate for a 50 mg/mL magnesium sulfate solution to provide 1.2 g/hr?

Convert grams to milligrams (1.2 g × 1,000 mg/g = 1,200 mg). Use a proportion to calculate the volume to be infused (50 mg/1 mL = 1200 mg/X mL, where X = 24 mL).

Primary literature

provides the original reports of scientific clinical, technical, and administrative research projects

How much dextrose does 1 L of D10W contain?

D10W stands for 10% dextrose dissolved in water. w/v% is the number of grams dissolved in 100 mL of solution. Set the problem where 10 g/100 mL = X g/1000 mL, X= 100 g.

medication for an individual with hpyertension

Diphenhydramine, Ibuprofen, Loperamide

Dirithromycin

Dynabac-macrolide antibiotic

Erythromycin ethylsuccinate

EES-macrolide antibiotic

maximum number of different items that may be ordered on a form 222

Form 222 is for ordering schedule II medications, the maximum number legally allowed on form 222 is 10. ref: controlled substances act of 1970

GPOs

Group Purchasing Organization negotiate prices for hospitals

DEA Form 224

registers a pharmacy with the DEA

The following describes the system approach to medication errors

It involves analyzing, categorizing, & evaluating the error to develop processes & procedures to prevent the error from occurring again; not used to punish the individual.

Examples of a decentralized automated dispensing system

McKesson Acudose-Rx, Omnicell SureMed, and Pyxis MedStation

MARs

Medication Administration Records are administered by NURSES. Physicians diagnose and prescribe, pharmacists dispense, and pharmacy technicians assist pharmacists in performing their duties.

regarding patient profile

OBRA '90 requires all patients receiving prescriptions in a pharmacy have a patient profile.

What does the term "overhead" refer to in business?

Overhead is the sum of all the expenses in a business. Examples of overhead found in a pharmacy include the salaries of all the employees, cost of inventory, expense-associated utilities, supplies, licenses, and computer hardware and software.

Which of the following terms refers to the requirements that patients, providers, or institutions must meet before the insurance company will approve diagnostic testing, hospital admissions, or inpatient or outpatient surgical procedures?

Preauthorization refers to the requirements that patients, providers or institutions must meet before the insurance company will approve diagnostic testing, hospital admissions, or inpatient or outpatient surgical procedures.

MAOIs & SSRIs

should not be taken together. an MAOI must be washed out of the body before SSRI treatment is initiated. This washing-out period is approximately 2 weeks

guaifenesin

Robitussin or Humibid

Rx

Rx means to TAKE s given product of a given strength and quantity.

not considered a scheduled medication

STAT & NOW doses, first does & loading doses, one-time doses, specifically time doses, on-call medications, time-sequenced or concomitant medications, medications administered at specific times to ensure accurate drugs levels, PRN medication, and investigational drugs

SDS

Safety Data Sheets contain information about hazardous products

What does Syrup USP contain

Sucrose in water

appropriate auxiliary labels for sulfasalazine

Sulfasalazine may cause photosensitivity to an individual if he or she is exposed to direct sunlight; one should drink plenty of water to prevent crystals from developing in the kidneys. Sulfasalazine has the tendency to change the color of one's urine from a yellow to an orange-brown color.

benzonatate

Tessalon

HCFA

The Health Care Financing Administration is responsible for approving hospitals for Medicaid reimbursements.

TJC

The Joint Commission initiated the use of the 'do not use' list to be included in all TJC formularies to assist in eliminating prescription errors

Reasons why a drug manufacturer would recall a particular drug product

The Pure Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 defined both adulteration and misbranding. Adulteration is concerned about the medication's purity, and misbranding involves truthful disclosure through labeling. The drug batch being contaminated is an example of adulteration. Incorrect drug labeling and the drug product being packaged or produced incorrectly are examples of misbranding

You have received a prescription for amoxicillin 500 mg po. The patient is unable to chew or swallow capsules or tablets. How many milliliters should be given in each dose if the concentration is 125 mg/5 mL?

The problem can be solved using a proportion: 125 mg/5 mL = 500 mg/X mL, where X = 20 mL.

A manufacturer's invoice totals $500.00 with the term 3% net. How much should be remitted to the manufacturer if it is paid in 30 days?

The term 3% net means that a purchaser can reduce a purchase by 3% if he or she pays within a stated period (30 days in this case). Multiplying $500.00 by 0.03 = $15.00 (amount of discount). Invoice - Discount = Amount to be remitted ($500.00 - $15.00 = $485.00).

hydrocodone & chlorpheniramine

Tussionex

Azithromycin

Zithromax or Z-Pak-macrolide antibiotic

SCRIPT

a e-prescribing standard that was established by NCPDP. SCRIPT standards facilitate the transfer of prescription data among pharmacies, prescribers, intermediaries, and payers.

Benztropine (Cogentin)

an anticholinergic is used to treat some of the adverse effects of antipsychotics, such as trembling

Vitamin C, B1, & D

are measured in milligrams

ASO

automatic stop-order

verapamil

brands names: Calan & Isoptin

HIPPA

requires health care organizations to create privacy practices that are appropriate for the services offered, educate employees about privacy practices, have a privacy official oversee the privacy practices, carefully control breaches of privacy, and notify patients about how their info can be disclosed or used

Standing Order

calls for receiving a specific drug at a specific time each day

Eligibility

can be verified by contacting the "help desk" either over the telephone, through a voice-automated system or electronically.

Pharmacy automation

can compound, package, dispense, distribute and store medication

Night blindness

caused by a deficiency of vitamin A

Rickets

caused by a deficiency of vitamin D.

how many times may a controlled substance with 5 refills be transferred to another pharmacy?

controlled substances can be transferred only one time!

Medicare Part A

covers hospital, nursing facility, home health, hospice, and inpatient care.

Medicare Part B

covers outpatient services, physcian services, and durable medical equipment.

Medicare Part D

covers prescription medications

Pediapred

prednisolone

Deltasone

prednisone

Coordination of benefits

prevents duplicate payment for the same service

Manufacturers and wholesalers

primary source of medication for medication for community pharmacies

Velocity Report

provides a measure of the rate of work accomplished per iteration unit of time

Beriberi

deficiencies of vitamin B1

Scurvy

deficiencies of vitamin C

"high-alert medication"

drug classifications considered as "high-alert classifications" include antithrombotic agents (heparin) oral hypoglycemic agents (metformin), and adrenergic antagonists (propranolol)

ISMPs "do not crush" list

established a list of medications that should never be crushed before administration because of a variety of reasons, including slow-release dosage form, extended-release dosage form, enteric-coated dosage form, may irritate the mucous membranes, rate of absorption may be increased, coating of tablet may release the drug over a period of time, taste, skin irritant, liquid filled sublingual dosage form, film-coated dosage form, effervescent tablet, teratogenic effect, and local anesthesia of the oral mucosa.

generic name for Amaryl

glimepiride

generic name for Glucotrol

glipizide

generic name for Micronase

glyburide

PSTAC

has established HIPPA-compliant Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) billing codes for pharmacists when performing Medication Therapy Management (MTM) services

PAR report

identifies the PAR level for each medication in stock. Periodic Automatic Replacement and is used in inventory management in the practice of pharmacy

BS on a patient's chart

indicates blood sugar

What is the correct meaning for signa in the following prescription: "Timoptic 0.25% 15 mL, i gtt ou bid"?

instill 1 drop in each eye twice per day

Zetia

is a bile acid sequestrant that is used in the treatment of high cholesterol

Pseudoephedrine

is a central nervous stimulant that excites the heart, resulting in the heart's pumping harder at an increased rate.

80/20 report

is a detailed summary of purchasing history based on the 80/20 rule, designated medications that account for 80% of the drug costs for that period of time.

Modified unit-dose system

is a drug distribution system that combines unit-dose medications blister packaged onto a multiple-dose card instead of being placed into a box. They are referred to as punch cards, bingo cards, or blister packs and may contain 30, 60, 90 units on one card.

Compliance report

is a report summarizing all items that were not purchased on bid.

chain pharmacy warehouse

is a secondary vendor for a particular chain

centralized system

is an example of automated dispensing system, is located in a central pharmacy that is used to improve the manual unit-dose cart-fill process

Vertical airflow hood

is similar to the horizontal except that the air cannot be recirculated into the room. This air goes through two HEPA filters and is released into an open area or is vented to the outside.

waiting period

is the amount of time an individual must wait to become eligible for insurance coverage

DEA Form 41

is used for the destruction of controlled substances

DEA Form 106

is used to report the theft of controlled substances

Eskalith

lithium

IV

means INTRAVENOUS

"hs"

means at the hour of bed or hour of sleep

os

means left eye

U&C on billing prescriptions

means the charge is the usual and customary charge, which a patient would pay if his or her third-party payer were not involved in the transaction

Vitamin E

measured in international units.

drug classifications that would not be on automatic stop orders in a hospital

medication for the treatment of diabetes are not included on automatic stop orders in hospitals. ABX, anticoagulants, and antihistamines would be on Automatic stop orders

MDI

metered-dose inhaler

generic name for Glucophage

metformin

Medrol

methylprednisolone

DEA Form 222

orders schedule II medications,

direction of airflow in a horizontal laminar airflow hood

outside air flows into the back of the horizontal airflow hood, through the hood's HEPA filter, and out toward the opening, and the air is recirculated into the room.

"pr"

per rectum