Practice Quiz Chapter 21
Central chemoreceptors are most sensitive to changes in __________.
PCO2
The three nasal conchae:
superior, middle and inferior
During inspiration, after leaving the larynx, air enters the __________.
trachea
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?
trachea
If the atmospheric pressure is 770 mm Hg and oxygen represents 13% of the total, then the partial pressure of oxygen is __________.
100 mm Hg
Calculate the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) If the vital capacity (VC) is 4000 ml, the tidal volume (TV) is 500 ml and the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is 1000 ml.
2500 ml
The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in systemic arterial blood is __________.
40 mm Hg
Which of the following chemical equations shows what happens to part of the CO2 picked up by blood in tissues?
CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 - → H+ + HCO3-
The neurons that control the basic rhythm for breathing are located in the __________.
RRG
Microvascular complications in diabetes lead to the walls of capillaries becoming abnormally thick. How will this affect tissue gas exchange?
The greater distance for diffusion will decrease the efficiency of diffusion.
Hyperventilation leads to __________.
a decrease in hydrogen ion concentration
Which of the following is not one of the functions of the respiratory system?
assist with the flow of arterial blood
Most of the oxygen transported by blood is __________.
bound to hemoglobin
An increase in blood PCO2 will cause __________.
decrease in blood pH
Which of the following muscles is involved in normal quiet inspiration?
external intercostal muscles
If peripheral chemoreceptors detect low PO2, the effect or response will be __________.
hyperventilation
Hypoventilation causes __________.
increase in PCO2
There will be __________ carbon dioxide dissolved in water at partial pressure of 45 mm Hg than at partial pressure of 40 mm Hg.
more
Compared to bronchi, bronchioles have __________.
more smooth muscle
During inspiration __________.
the volume of the lungs increases and the intrapulmonary pressure decreases