Practice Test Answers PDF

Jan is a child with a visual impairment. Which of the following is the best way for Jan's parents to assess her recreation and leisure skills?

A checklist from the expanded core curriculum - The correct answer is (C). Recreation and leisure skills are a part of the expanded core curriculum (ECC) for visually impaired children and Jan's parents can use a developmental checklist to ensure that Jan is learning these skills. (A) is incorrect because a classroom visit might provide information about Jan's academic and social skills, but would be unlikely to focus on recreation and leisure skills. (B) is incorrect because the counselor might provide information on improving recreation and leisure skills, but would not be able to describe Jan's current recreation and leisure skills. (D) is incorrect because a trained specialist is not likely to provide any additional information than the parents could gather using a checklist from the expanded core curriculum.

Jodeen is a 7-year-old who has been evaluated and found to have a mild expressive language delay. Her hearing is normal, and her functioning in all areas other than expressive language is age appropriate. Which of the following placements would be most appropriate for Jodeen?

A full-time general education placement with speech and language services - The correct answer is (C). Since Jodeen's functioning is age appropriate in most respects, it is probable that she could work at the level of the class in a general education setting if she were provided with appropriate support services to address her expressive language deficit. There is no clear justification for a full-time special education setting, as in (A), as the initial placement for a young child with a very specific expressive language delay and no other disability. There is no evidence that Jodeen needs support for reading, so (B) and (D) are not correct.

Mary is a seventh-grade student who has a specific learning disability. Her mathematics achievement score indicates that she has a stanine of 9. Which of the following mathematics classes is most appropriate for Mary?

Advanced mathematics - The correct answer is (D). Mary's achievement score indicates high mathematical ability; 9 is the highest possible stanine score. Based on the information presented, the most appropriate placement is the advanced class. (A), (B), and (C) are not appropriate based on her high mathematical ability. Despite her learning disabilities, it is entirely possible that she could, perhaps with support, undertake an advanced class in an area of strength.

A checklist from the expanded core curriculum

An end of chapter test - The correct answer is (A). Summative assessments are given to test student learning relative to the curriculum, and a chapter test assesses knowledge of the entire chapter. (B) is incorrect because writing sentences using spelling words is an example of an instructional activity, not a summative assessment. (C) is incorrect because homework is used as a follow-up to classroom instruction. (D) is incorrect because practicing a skill is part of instruction, not assessment.

What is the most commonly co-occurring type of disability associated with emotional and behavioral disorders?

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - The correct answer is (B). Many children with emotional and behavioral disorders act impulsively, have short attention spans, and often exhibit anxiety, thus allowing the co-occurring classification of ADHD. (A), (C), and (D) are incorrect because although they may be comorbid with an EBD, none of them are the most commonly co-occurring disability.

As an intervention, response cost is best suited for which of the following purposes?

Decreasing the incidence of angry outbursts - The correct answer is (C). Response cost needs to be tied to the occurrence of a specific, observable behavior. The behaviors that are identified in (A), (B), and (D) would not benefit from the use of response cost.

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 provides students who attend a school that receives federal funds with protection against which of the following?

Discrimination based solely on an individual's disability -The correct answer is (A). The premise of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act is that a qualified individual cannot be denied participation because of a disability if the school receives federal funds. (B), (C), and (D) are incorrect because Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act does not relate to discrimination based on gender, citizenship, or socioeconomic status.

Which of the following conditions is frequently attributable to Trisomy 21?

Down syndrome - The correct answer is (A). There are several possible causes of Down syndrome, with the most common being trisomy 21, the failure of one pair of parental chromosomes to separate at conception. (B) is not correct because PKU is caused by a defect in the gene that helps create the enzyme needed to break down phenylalanine. (C) is not correct because Klinefelter syndrome occurs when a boy is born with one or more extra X chromosomes. (D) is not correct because Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition that alters development in females.

Which of the following statements best defines the ecological perspective on emotional and behavioral disorders?

Emotional and behavioral disorders involve interactions between the child and the child's social environment. - The correct answer is (B). The ecological perspective emphasizes the importance of interactions between the child and the child's environment in emotional and behavioral disorders. (A) is not correct; the ecological perspective on emotional and behavioral disorders does not refer to the influence of toxins in the physical environment. Neither (C) nor (D) defines this perspective.

Which of the following is the best rationale for using task analysis in instructing students with disabilities?

Instruction is delivered in steps that are easily achievable and that promote student success. - The correct answer is (A). Instruction that is provided in steps that are easily achievable and that promote student success are two key justifications for the use of task analysis. (B) is incorrect because, although the skill it describes is a possible benefit of using task analysis, it is not the basic rationale for the use of task analysis. (C) is not correct because the learning of classification skills is not a primary objective of task analysis. (D) is not correct because individualization of instruction is always important in instructing students with disabilities.

Which of the following supports is most likely to help Beth, a middle-school student with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), be successful in her new placement?

Providing Beth with a visual schedule of daily activities - The correct answer is (B). Research has indicated that children with autism spectrum disorder prefer routines and structure in daily academic life. Using the visual schedule will help Beth anticipate the routine and become more accustomed to the new environment. (A) is not correct because reducing a child's school attendance to a half-day would not help her adjust to the new environment. (C) is not correct because taking Beth on a tour of the school would be useful but it is not a long-term support like a visual schedule. (D) is not correct because providing time away would not help Beth adjust to her school. Instead, this would limit interactions with peers and teachers, which would inhibit the adjustment process.

Trish is a sixth-grade student who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). She has difficulty maintaining eye contact and makes impulsive comments during lessons. Which of the following behavioral strategies would best help Trish?

Providing Trish a visual menu of appropriate behaviors - The correct answer is (B). A visual reminder can increase appropriate behavior. (A) is not correct because a peer buddy should not be given the task of keeping another student on task. (C) is not correct because that is not an appropriate strategy for Trish. (D) is not correct because that strategy is not related to the behavior.

Which of the following techniques is likely to be most successful in helping learners with intellectual disabilities to retain previously acquired skills?

Providing periodic review of lessons - The correct answer is (C). Once a skill has been mastered, the teacher can best assure its retention by providing additional meaningful learning situations in which the student can recall and use the skill. (A), (B), and (C) are not correct because they would not assist learners in retaining previously acquired skills.

Jen, a sixth-grade student, receives special education services under the category of specific learning disability. Jen's IEP states that written assignments will be completed using word processing and speech recognition software. Which of the following is most likely to promote successful use of assistive technology?

Providing software for home use - The correct answer is (B). The student will be able to practice using the same programs at school and home, thus reinforcing her writing skills. (A) is incorrect because limiting homework does not help her to use the writing programs. (C) is incorrect because although typing practice is useful, it does not help her to use the programs, one of which is voice recognition software and does not require typing. (D) is incorrect because the accommodation of choice will not promote more successful use of assistive technology.

Which of the following is most clearly an example of a student using inappropriate syntax?

Saying, "Me sister shoes new happy" - The correct answer is (C). Using inappropriate syntax involves not following rules for the correct arrangement of word sequence.

Students with learning disabilities are more likely than students without disabilities to exhibit which of the following?

Selective attention disorders - The correct answer is (C). Students with learning disabilities are likely to lag behind other children in their ability to identify and focus on the key aspects of a task while disregarding the less important aspects of that task. (A) is incorrect because it has not been proven that students with learning disabilities are more likely than other students to have either left-brain or right-brain dominance for learning. (B) is incorrect because students with learning disabilities do not necessarily have difficulty with long-term memory retrieval. (D) is incorrect because there is no clear evidence to suggest that students with learning disabilities are more gifted than others in artistic expression.

Which of the following is legally required to initiate a formal evaluation for a student suspected of having a specific learning disability?

Signed parental permission - The correct answer is (A). Written consent by a parent or guardian is required to refer a student for a formal evaluation to determine whether special education services are appropriate. (B) is incorrect because the consent must be written, not verbal. (C) is incorrect because although school personnel can initiate a referral, written consent must be given by a parent/guardian to follow through with the screening. (D) is incorrect because a physician's input can be valuable; however, it does not initiate the referral process or provide consent for screening.

Which of the following is an example of functional language training for a child who is nonverbal?

Teaching the child to point to the sink when he or she wants a drink of water - The correct answer is (D). Functional language training involves giving children a means of influencing and interacting with the environment. (A), (B), and (C) are not correct because teaching children to make sounds or imitate words in isolation does not fulfill the goal of functional language training.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about what IDEA requires for any IEP?

The IEP must be in effect before special education services or related services are provided. - The correct answer is (C). According to IDEA, an IEP must be in effect before special education and related services are provided to an eligible student. None of the other choices is required. The objectives in an IEP are ordinarily for a single year, so (A) is not correct. (B) is not correct because what IDEA requires is that an IEP include a statement of the services and aids to be provided to the child. For some students with disabilities, this will include assistive devices, but many students with disabilities do not require such devices. Although special education teachers certainly have access to their students' IEPs, IDEA requires that regular education teachers and other service providers who are responsible for implementing a student's IEP have access to it as well, so (D) is not correct.

An IEP must include which of the following components?

The present levels of academic achievement and functional performance - The correct answer is (A). As mandated in IDEA, a Present Levels of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance (PLAAFP) statement is a required component of any IEP.

What is the teacher's primary role when conflicts arise during unstructured playtime in a prekindergarten inclusion setting?

To help children develop appropriate ways to resolve conflict -The correct answer is (A). Early childhood is a time to learn respectful communication and social skills through play and structured activities. (B) is incorrect because good manners and etiquette vary by culture and are best taught in informal home situations. (C) is incorrect because prekindergarten students need free play, which should not be restricted due to common conflicts. (D) is incorrect because teacher intervention is not always needed when conflicts arise; children should be encouraged and supported in solving basic conflicts.

Which of the following would be an important daily-living skill for a high school student with an intellectual disability?

Using a microwave oven - The correct answer is (B). Being able to heat up food would allow the student a measure of independence. (A), (C), and (D) are incorrect because they are not daily-living skills.

Shania is a tenth-grade student classified with a specific learning disability (SLD). She receives direct reading instruction in decoding skills to facilitate word recognition of vocabulary words. Shania's instruction represents

a remedial approach -The correct answer is (A). Remedial instruction is one-on-one or small-group instruction that focuses on the needs of the individual student. (A), (B), and (C), are not characteristic of the type of instruction that is being provided.

Using a student's classwork as a means to evaluate progress and adapt instruction is known as

curriculum-based assessment - The correct answer is (A). All student work reflects the curriculum; thus, the assessment is curriculum- based. (B) is incorrect because standardized tests compare students' data with those of other students in the same age-group. (C) is incorrect because summative assessments are used to determine whether the student is meeting the curriculum requirements; it is not used to guide instruction. (D) is incorrect because guided practice is a teaching strategy used to provide instruction, not evaluate progress.

A well-made teacher-developed test is generally preferred to a standardized achievement test when measuring learning mastery because it

has better content validity - The correct answer is (D). Learning mastery generally refers to those lessons taught in the classroom. A teacher-developed test is more likely than a standardized achievement test to assess students' mastery of those lessons and is therefore more likely to have better content validity. (A) is not correct because all tests should be intended to yield true scores. (B) is not correct because interrater reliability is determined by the degree of agreement among raters. (C) is not correct because that is more characteristic of a norm- referenced assessment.

On the basis of such cases as Hudson v. Rowley (1982), the courts have determined that "appropriate education" means that

learners with disabilities will have the same achievement opportunities as peers - The correct answer is (C). IDEA states that each student must be placed in the least restrictive environment in which the unique needs of the student can be met.

In full inclusion settings, the most appropriate role for the special education teacher is to

plan instruction with the general education teacher and co-teach all students in the class - The correct answer is (A). In inclusion settings, an appropriate role for the special education teacher is as a co-teacher with the general education teacher. Although the special education teacher may have primary responsibility for behavior management with certain special education students, the teachers should share responsibility for both behavior management and academic content. The special education teacher should not be the assistant to the general education teacher, so (B) is not correct. While the special education teacher may observe the general education teacher and offer recommendations on working with classified students, this is done in the role of collaborating professional, not in the role of evaluator, so (C) is not correct. (D) is not correct because, although the special education teacher may have primary responsibility for behavior management with certain special education students, the teachers should share responsibility for both behavior management and academic content.

Under the provisions of IDEA, an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) for a 2-year-old child is most likely to include

plans for making the transition into preschool - The correct answer is (B). According to IDEA, the IFSP must include plans for making the transition from early intervention services into preschool. (A) is not correct because IFSPs do not include budgets. (C) and (D) are not correct because they are optional and are not likely to be documented in an IFSP.

To promote the transfer of word attack skills to newspaper reading, a middle school teacher of students with intellectual disabilities is most likely to

select articles from the local newspaper for students to read - The correct answer is (B). One component of successful transfer of learning is the similarity between the situation on which a skill is learned and the situation to which it is to be applied. (A), (C), and (D) are not correct because they are activities that would most likely not promote word attack skills.