PREPU- Chpt.2
Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
General systems theory
A nurse observes that the past five clients referred from a community clinic have been treated for drug and/or alcohol overdose. Based on this information, the nurse assumes that the clinic specializes in the treatment of substance use. This is an example of what type of reasoning?
Inductive reasoning
A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting
Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.
What is the central theme of Florence Nightingale's nursing theory?
Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment.
A nurse researcher is planning to test the effect of a breathing exercise on older adults' stamina. What type of research study should the nurse conduct?
Quantitative
A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?
Traditional knowledge
Which criterion is not used for critically evaluating websites when doing a literature review?
Accessibility
A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?
Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.
A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?
General systems theory
A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?
Assisting the client to the bedside commode
Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?
Authoritative knowledge
A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?
Chromium supplements
Which is the theory that describes the maturation of humans through stages?
Developmental theory
Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?
Drug metabolism
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:
Erikson
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process
Evaluating practice change
What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?
Evidence based practice
Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?
Evidence-based research
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?
National Institute of Nursing Research
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.
Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?
Nursing research
Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?
Nursing theory
A nurse is developing a foreground question for nursing research using the PICO model. Which component would be represented by the statement, "a 45-year-old male with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation"?
P
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown
A nurse researcher is collecting nominal data. What type of research is being conducted
Qualitative research
The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?
Qualitative research
A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?
Scientific literature review
The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?
Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.
A nurse is formulating a clinical question in PICO format. Which is represented by the letter I?
Treatment of interest
The nurse is preparing to submit a research project to the institutional review board (IRB). The nurse understands that if the IRB were to reject the research project, it would most likely be for which reason?
The project lacks sufficient safeguards to protect human subjects.
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Traditional knowledge
A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?
Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.
One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:
generate knowledge to guide practice.
Which is most similar to a nursing model?
nursing theory
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:
use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
