PrepU Nutrition
Which adverse effects occur when there is too rapid an infusion of TPN solution? a) negative nitrogen balance b) hypoglycemia c) hypokalemia d) circulatory overload
d) circulatory overload
A nurse is caring for an elderly client with a pressure ulcer on the sacrum. When teaching the client about dietary intake, which foods should the nurse emphasize? a) Legumes and cheese b) Fruits and vegetables c) Whole grain products d) Lean meats and low-fat milk
d) lean meats and low-fat milk
A student with type 1 diabetes tells the nurse she is feeling light-headed. The student's blood sugar is 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L). Using the 15-15 rule, the nurse should give: a) 15 g of carbohydrate and retest the blood sugar in 15 minutes. b) 15 g of carbohydrate and 15 g of protein. c) 15 mL of juice and give another 15 mL in 15 minutes. d) 15 oz of juice and retest in 15 minutes
a) 15 g of carbohydrate and retest the blood sugar in 15 minutes
A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client with hypoglycemia. To control hypoglycemic episodes, the nurse should recommend: a) consuming a low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet and avoiding fasting. b) eating a candy bar if light-headedness occurs. c) increasing saturated fat intake and fasting in the afternoon. d) increasing intake of vitamins B and D and taking iron supplements
a) consuming low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet and avoiding fasting
Which nutritional deficiency may delay wound healing? a) Lack of calcium b) Lack of vitamin C c) Lack of vitamin E d) Lack of vitamin D
b) lack of vitamin C
A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and the nurse is concerned about the complication of fluid volume overload. Which of the following nursing actions is most appropriate in the administration of TPN to prevent this complication? a) Reduce the ordered flow rate by half. b) Use an infusion pump to administer the TPN solution. c) Continuously monitor the infusion rate. d) Weigh the client every day
b) use an infusion pump to administer the TPN solution
A client with severe inflammatory bowel disease is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). When administering TPN, the nurse must take care to maintain the ordered flow rate because giving TPN too rapidly may cause: a) dumping syndrome. b) constipation. c) air embolism. d) hyperglycemia.
d) hyperglycemia
A client develops chronic pancreatitis. What would be the appropriate home diet for a client with chronic pancreatitis? a) a low-protein, high-fiber diet distributed over four to five moderate-sized meals daily b) A diabetic exchange diet distributed over three meals and two snacks daily c) A high-calcium, soft diet distributed over three meals and an evening snack daily d) A low-fat, bland diet distributed over five to six small meals daily
d) low-fat, bland diet distributed over five to six small meals daily
Which statements by the mother of a toddler should lead the nurse to suspect that the child id at risk for iron deficiency anemia? Select all that apply. a) "He drinks over three cups of milk per day." b) "I can't see enough apple juice in the house; he must drink over 10 oz a day." c) "He refuses to eat more than two different kinds of vegetables." d) "He doesn't like meat, but he will eat small amounts of it." e) "He sleeps 12 hours every night and takes a 2-hour nap."
A and B
The nurse advises a client recovering from a myocardial infarction to decrease fat and sodium intake. Which foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Select all that apply. a) Bacon b) Pepperoni pizza c) Soft drinks d) Apple juice e) Cheese f) Oatmeal
A, B, C, E
During the nurse's assessment of a client who has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa, the nurse evaluates certain assessment findings that accompany binge eating. Which are most applicable? Select all that apply. a) Normal weight b) Guilt c) Dental caries d) Weight loss e) Self-induced vomiting f) Introverted behavior
A,B, C, E
A client is admitted with multiple pressure ulcers. When developing the client's diet plan, the nurse should include: a) steamed broccoli. b) ground beef patties. c) ice cream. d) fresh orange slices
b) ground beef patties
Which f the following foods should the nurse encourage the mother to offer th her childs with iron deficiency anemia? a) rice cereal, whole milk, and yellow vegetables b) potato, peas, and chicken c) macaroni, cheese, and ham d) pudding, green vegetables, and rice
b) potato, peas, and chicken
What are important nursing care measures for a client with diabetes who is admitted with end-stage renal failure? a) Monitor for hypotension and maintain accurate intake and output records. b) Restrict sodium and potassium and restrict fluids as ordered. c) Prepare for temporary peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis. d) Provide a diet high in protein and restrict fluids as ordered.
b) restrict sodium and potassium and restrict fluids as ordered
The nurse is developing a care management plan with a client who has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). What should the nurse should instruct the client to do? Select all that apply. a) Lie down after consuming each meal for 30 min. b) Avoid beverages that contain caffeine. c) Use over-the-counter (OTC) antisecretory agents rather than prescriptions. d) Avoid a diet high in fatty foods. e) Avoid all alcoholic beverages. f) Eat three meals a day, with the largest meal being at dinner in the evening
B, D, E
The nurse is teaching an adolescent with celiac disease about dietary changes that will help maintain a healthy lifestyle. Which of the following foods can the nurse safely recommend as part of the adolescent's diet? Select all that apply. a) Pizza b) Corn c) Bagels d) Apples e) Potatoes
B, D, E
A client is admitted to the psychiatric clinic for treatment of anorexia nervosa. Which actions are most important for the nurse to perform at this time? Select all that apply. a) Encourage the client to keep an accurate recording of her food and fluid intake b) Weigh the client daily after the evening meal c) Assess the client's serum albumin and electrolyte levels d) Restrict the client's physical activities e) Monitor the client's vital signs
C, E
A mother and grandmother bring a 2-month-old infant to the clinic for a routine checkup. As the nurse weighs the infant, the grandmother asks, "Shouldn't the baby start eating solid food? My kids started on cereal when they were 2 weeks old." Which response by the nurse would be appropriate? a) "Babies can't digest solid food properly until they're 3 or 4 months old." b) "Introducing solid food early leads to eating disorders later in life." c) "The baby is gaining weight and doing well. There is no need for solid food yet." d) "Things have changed a lot since your children were born."
a) "Babies can't digest solid food properly until they're 3 or 4 months old."
A nurse is administering total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to a client hospitalized with severe anorexia nervosa. Which laboratory finding would alert the nurse to a potential problem? a) Decreased magnesium level b) Decreased CD4 cell counts c) Elevated glucose levels d) Elevated phosphate level
a) decreased magnesium level
When developing a teaching plan for the mother of an infant about introducing solid foods into the diet, which of the following measures should the nurse expect to include in the plan to help prevent obesity? a) decreasing the amount of formula or breast milk intake as solid food intake increases b) introducing the infant to the taste of vegetables by mixing them with formula or breast milk c) mining cereal and fruit in a bottle when offering solid good for the first few times d) using a large-bowled spoon for feeding solid foods during the first several months
a) decreasing the amount of formula or breast milk intake as solid food intake increases
When counseling an obese adolescent, the nurse should advise the client that which complication is the most common? a) lifelong obesity b) GI problems c) orthopedic problems d) psychosocial probles
a) lifelong obesity
A home health nurse who sees a client with diverticulitis is evaluating teaching about dietary modifications necessary to prevent future episodes. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching? a) "I'll increase my intake of protein during exacerbations." b) "I'll snack on nuts, olives, and popcorn during flare-ups." c) "I should increase my intake of fresh fruits and vegetables during remissions." d) "I'll incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids into my diet.
c) "I should increase my intake of fresh fruits and vegetables during remissions."
A client with diabetes mellitus has had declining renal function over the past several years. Which diet regimen should the nurse recommend to the client on days between dialysis? a) A low-protein diet with an unlimited amount of water b) No protein in the diet and use of salt sparingly c) A low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water d) A high-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water
c) a low-protein diet with a prescribed amount of water
The nurse is planning care for a client with osteomyelitis. The client is taking an antibiotic, but the infection has not resolved. The nurse should advise the client to: a) ask the health care provider (HCP) for a change of antibiotics. b) use herbal supplements. c) eat a diet high in protein and vitamins C and D. d) encourage frequent passive range-of-motion to the affected extremity
c) eat a diet high in protein and vitamins C and D
A severely dehydrated adolescent admitted to the hospital with hypotension and tachycardia undergoes evaluation for electrolyte disturbances. Her history includes anorexia nervosa and a 20-lb (9.1-kg) weight loss in the past month. She is 5′ 7″ (1.7 m) tall and weighs 80 lb (36.3 kg). Which nursing intervention takes highest priority? a) Addressing the client's low self-esteem b) Regularly monitoring vital signs and weight c) Initiating caloric and nutritional therapy as ordered d) Instituting behavioral modification therapy as ordered
c) initiating caloric and nutritional therapy as ordered
A primiparous client is on a regular diet 24 hours postpartum. She is from Guatemala and speaks only Spanish. The client's mother asks the nurse if she can bring her daughter some "special foods from home." The nurse responds, based on the understanding about which principle? a) The client's health care provider (HCP) needs to give permission for the foods. b) This is permissible as long as the foods are nutritious and high in iron. c) The mother can bring the daughter any foods that she desires. d) Foods from home are generally discouraged on the postpartum unit.
c) the mother can bring the daughter any foods that she desires
Pancreatic enzyme replacements are prescribed for the client with chronic pancreatitis. When should the nurse instruct the client to take them to obtain the most therapeutic effect? a) in the morning and at bedtime b) three times daily between meals c) with each meal and snack d) every 4 hours, at specified times
c) with each meal and snack
Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priority for a client with hyperthyroidism? a) Risk for imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess b) Disturbed body image related to weight gain and edema c) Risk for impaired skin integrity related to edema, skin fragility, and poor wound healing d) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
d) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to thyroid hormone excess
One month following a subtotal gastrectomy for cancer, the nurse is evaluating the nursing care goal related to nutrition. What indicates that the client has attained the goal? The client has: a) regained weight loss. b) resumed normal dietary intake of three meals a day. c) controlled nausea and vomiting through regular use of antiemetics. d) achieved adequate nutritional status through oral or parenteral feedings
d) achieved adequate nutritional status through oral or parenteral feedings
A client receiving chemotherapy is nauseated and has lost 15 pounds (6.8 kg) in one month. Which nutritional instruction would the nurse include in the plan of care? a) Eat hot or cold foods b) Eat two large meals per day c) Encourage fluids with meals d) Eat frequent but small meals
d) eat frequent but small meals
A nurse should encourage a client with a wound to consume foods high in vitamin C because this vitamin: a) reduces edema. b) enhances oxygen transport to tissues. c) restores the inflammatory response. d) enhances protein synthesis
d) enhances protein synthesis
Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care to ensure adequate nutrition for a very active, talkative, and easily distractible client who is unable to sit through meals? a) Ask the client's family to bring the client's favorite foods from home. b) Offer the client nutritious finger foods. c) Direct the client to the room to eat. d) Ask the client about food preferences
b) offer the client nutritious finger foods
The nurse has been teaching the client about maintaining a high-fiber diet. The client's selection of which breakfast menu indicates an understanding of the instructions? a) scrambled eggs, bacon, English muffin, and apple juice b) corn flakes, milk, white toast, and orange juice c) oatmeal, milk, grapefruit wedges, and bran muffin d) Danish pastry, prune juice, coffee, and milk
c) oatmeal, milk, grapefruit edges, and bran muffin
Which of the following actions indicates that the parents of a 12-month-old with iron deficiency anemia understand how to administer iron supplements? Select all that apply. a) they administer iron supplements in combination with fruit juice. b) they administer iron supplements with meals c) they report dark stools d) they brush the child's teeth after administering the iron supplements e) they decrease dietary intake of foods fortified with iron
A and D
Which diet would be most appropriate for the client with ulcerative colitis? a) low-fat, high-fiber b) high-calorie, low-protein c) low-sodium, high-carbohydrate d) high-protein, low-residue
a) low-fat, high fiber
The nurse enlists the aid of an interpreter when caring for a primiparous client from Mexico who speaks only Spanish and gave birth to a term neonate 8 hours ago. When developing the postpartum dietary plan of care for the client, the nurse would encourage the client's intake of which foods? a) Meat products. b) Corn products. c) Potatoes. d) Tomatoes.
a) meat products
An 8-year-old has a BMI for age at the 90th percentile, but has no other risk factors. The nurse should: a) refer the family to a dietician b) recommend the child be reweighed in 1 year c) refer the child to a health car provider specializing in pediatric weight loss d) recommend the child participate in a commercial diet program
a) refer the family to a dietician
When instructing the client with severe burns about proper nutrition, the nurse should encourage the client to choose which menu for lunch? a) roast beef sandwich, milkshake, and cottage cheese b) chicken breast, salad, and iced tea c) hamburger, orange, and coffee d) pasta salad, carrots, and milk
a) roast beef sandwich, milkshake, and cottage cheese
A mother brings her 7-month-old infant to the well-baby clinic for a check-up. She is concerned that the infant is overweight. She feeds the infant formula whenever the infant is hungry. The nurse should instruct the mother to: a) give the infant 2% milk formula and add vitamins b) use skim milk because it is high in protein and lower in calories c) decrease the amount of formula feedings to 16 oz (473 mL) daily, and supplement with juice and water d) bring a 3-day record of the infant's intake back for further evaluation
d) bring a 3-day record of the infant's intake back for further evaluation
A client in cardiac rehabilitation would like to eat the right foods to ensure adequate endurance on the treadmill. Which nutrient is most helpful for promoting endurance during sustained activity? a) protein b) water c) fat d) carbohydrate
d) carbohydrate
TPN is ordered for a client with Crohn's disease. The TPN solution is having an intended outcome when: a) the client's nutritional needs are met. b) the client is in a negative nitrogen balance. c) the client is hydrated. d) the client does not have metabolic acidosis.
a) the clients nutritional needs are met
Which of the following methods should the nurse use to provide the most accurate assessment of an adolescents status regarding obesity? a) a good intake diary for 1 week b) BMI-for-age c) A 4-hour dietary history d) a skinfold thickness measurement
b) BMI-for-age
The client who is receiving chemotherapy is not eating well but otherwise feels healthy. What should the nurse suggest the client eat? a) toast, gelatin dessert, and cookies b) broiled chicken, green beans, and cottage cheese c) cereal with milk and strawberries d) steak and french fries
b) broiled chick, green beans, and cottage cheese
A mother asks the nurse if her child iron deficiency anemia is related t the child's frequent infections. The nurse response based on the understanding of which of the following? a) little is known about iron deficiency anemia and its relationship to infection in children. b) children with iron deficiency anemia are more susceptible to infection than are other children. c) children with iron deficiency anemia are less susceptible to infection than are other children. d) children with iron deficiency anemia are equally susceptible to infection than are other children.
b) children with iron deficiency anemia are more susceptible to infection than are other children
A client with bipolar disorder, manic phase, shows little interest in eating. To help the client meet recommended daily allowances of nutrients, the nurse should: a) teach the client about proper nutrition. b) give the client half of a meat and cheese sandwich to carry with him. c) inform the client that snacks are available only if he eats properly at mealtime. d) tell the client to sit alone at mealtime so that he will not be distracted by others.
b) give the client half of the meat and cheese sandwich to carry with him
A nurse consulting with a nutrition specialist knows it's important to consider a special diet for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which diet is appropriate for this client? a) Full-liquid b) High-protein c) 1,800-calorie ADA d) Low-fat
b) high protein
The client with diabetes mellitus says, "If I could just avoid what you call carbohydrates in my diet, I guess I would be okay." The nurse should base the response to this comment on the knowledge that diabetes affects metabolism of which nutrients? a) carbohydrates only b) fats and carbohydrates only c) proteins, fats, and carbohydrates d) protein and carbohydrates only
c) proteins, fats, and carbohydrates
Which meal would be appropriate for the child with osteomyelitis to choose? a) potato soup; jelly sandwich; and a peach b) beef hot dog, and an apple c) tomato soup made with water, grilled cheese sandwich, and a banana d) beef and bean burrito with cheese, carrot and celery sticks, and a glass of milk
d) beaf and bean burrito with cheese, carrot and celery sticks, and a glass of milk
The client attends two sessions with the dietitian to learn about diet modifications to minimize gastroesophageal reflux. The teaching would be considered successful if the client decreases the intake of which foods? a) high-sodium foods b) fats c) high-calcium foods d) carbohydrates
b) fats
A client with chronic renal failure is undergoing hemodialysis. Postdialysis, the client weighs 59 kg. The nurse should teach the client to: a) increase sodium in the diet to 4 g/day. b) control the amount of protein intake to 59 to 70 g/day. c) increase fluid intake to 3,000 mL each day. d) limit total calories consumed each day to 1,000
b) control the amount of protein intake to 59 to 70g/day
