PrepU Questions

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes who exhibits confusion, light-headedness, and aberrant behavior. The client is conscious. The nurse should first administer:

15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice.

The nurse is instructing the client on insulin administration. The client is performing a return demonstration for preparing the insulin. The client's morning dose of insulin is 10 units of regular and 22 units of NPH. The nurse checks the dose accuracy with the client. The nurse determines that the client has prepared the correct dose when the syringe reads how many units?

32

Every morning, a client with type 1 diabetes receives 15 units of Humulin 70/30. What does this type of insulin contain?

70% NPH insulin and 30% regular insulin

Using a sliding-scale schedule, the nurse is preparing to administer an evening dose of regular insulin to a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which action is most appropriate for the nurse to take to determine the amount of insulin to give?

Base the dosage on the glucometer reading of the client's glucose level obtained immediately before administering the insulin.

A student with type 1 diabetes tells the nurse she is feeling light-headed. The student's blood sugar is 60mg/dl. Using the 15-15 rule, the nurse should:

Give 15 grams of carbohydrate and retest the blood sugar in 15 minutes

The nurse who is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus should use which of the following to determine how well the insulin, diet, and exercise are balanced?

Glycosylated hemoglobin level.

The nurse has been assigned to a client who has had diabetes for 10 years. The nurse gives the client's usual dose of Humulin Regular insulin at 7 a.m. At 10:30 a.m., the client has light-headedness and sweating. The nurse should contact the physician, report the situation, background, and assessment, and recommend intervention for:

Hypoglycemia

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has influenza. The nurse should instruct the client to:

Increase the frequency of self-monitoring bg testing

A client is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The physician orders 15 units of U-100 regular insulin and 35 units of U-100 isophane insulin suspension (NPH) to be taken before breakfast. The nurse checks the medication order, assembles equipment, washes her hands, rotates the NPH insulin vial, puts on disposable gloves, and cleans the stoppers. To draw the two insulin doses into the single U-100 insulin syringe, which sequence should the nurse use?

Inject 35 units air into NPH vial; inject 15 units air into regular insulin vial, withdraw 15 units regular insulin; withdraw 35 units NPH.

When preparing to draw up 8 units of a short-acting insulin and 20 units of a long-acting insulin in the same syringe, the nurse should:

Inject air in the vial with the long-acting insulin first

A client with type 1 diabetes has a highly elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb) test result. In discussing the result with the client, the nurse is most accurate in stating:

It tells us about your sugar control for the last 3 months

Which of the following conditions is the most significant risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Obesity

A client is to receive glargine (Lantus) insulin in addition to a dose of aspart (NovoLog). When the nurse checks the blood glucose level at the bedside, it is greater than 200 mg/dl. How should the nurse administer the insulins?

Put air into the glargine insulin vial, and draw up the correct dose in an insulin syringe; then, with a different insulin syringe, put air into the aspart vial and draw up the correct dose.

A client with diabetes mellitus has a prescription for 5 units of U-100 regular insulin and 25 units of U-100 isophane insulin suspension (NPH) to be taken before breakfast. At about 4:30 p.m., the client experiences headache, sweating, tremor, pallor, and nervousness. What is the most probable cause of these signs and symptoms?

Serum glucose level less then 70

A client receives 12 units of NPH insulin and 6 units of Humalog insulin each morning. Place the following actions in chronological order of how the nurse would demonstrate how to mix insulins. Use all options.

Wipe off the vials with an alcohol swab. Inject 12 units of air into the NPH vial. Inject 6 units of air into the Humalog vial. Withdraw 6 units of Humalog insulin. Withdraw 12 units of NPH insulin.

A client with diabetes is taking insulin lispro (Humalog) injections. The nurse should advise the client to eat:

Within 10 to 15 minutes after the injection

A client's 12:00 noon blood glucose was inaccurately documented as 310 instead of 130. This error was not noticed until 1:00 p.m. The nurse administered the sliding scale insulin for a blood glucose of 310 instead of 130. What should the nurse do first?

access for hypoglycemia

The nurse is teaching the client about home blood glucose monitoring. Which of the following blood glucose measurements indicates hypoglycemia?

anything less than 70

Capillary glucose monitoring is being performed every 4 hours for a client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Insulin is administered using a scale of regular insulin according to glucose results. At 2 p.m., the client has a capillary glucose level of 250 mg/dl for which he receives 8 units of regular insulin. The nurse should expect the dose's:

onset to be at 2:30 p.m. and its peak to be at 4 p.m.

The client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is taught to take isophane insulin suspension NPH (Humulin N) at 5 p.m. each day. The client should be instructed that the greatest risk of hypoglycemia will occur at about what time?

while sleeping