Preschooler

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is near death. Which statement by the family best indicates to the nurse that the family may be ready to consider organ donation? "I would do anything to have no other family go through this." "How long can the child live this way? It is so hard to watch." "We talked to the doctor about removing life support." "No one should have to watch their child die."

"I would do anything to have no other family go through this."

A boy, age 4, begins to use foul language. Concerned about this behavior, his parents ask the nurse how to stop it. Which advice should the nurse offer? "Just ignore it. He'll grow out of it." "Tell him it isn't acceptable and he'll be disciplined if he continues to do it." "Tell him that good little boys don't use bad words." "Tell him that his behavior makes you angry."

"Tell him it isn't acceptable and he'll be disciplined if he continues to do it."

The nurse is preparing a child, age 4, for cardiac catheterization. Which explanation of the procedure is most appropriate? "The test usually takes an hour." "Don't worry. It won't hurt." "The special medicine will feel warm when it's put in the tubing." "You must sleep the whole time that the test is being done."

"The special medicine will feel warm when it's put in the tubing."

A child who tests positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is placed in foster care. The foster parents ask the nurse how to prevent HIV transmission to other family members. How should the nurse respond? "Make sure the child uses disposable plates and utensils." "Don't let the child share toys with other children." "Use isopropyl alcohol to clean surfaces contaminated with the child's blood or body fluids." "Wear gloves when you're likely to come into contact with the child's blood or body fluids."

"Wear gloves when you're likely to come into contact with the child's blood or body fluids."

Which nursing action should be included in the care plan to promote comfort in a 4-year-old child hospitalized with meningitis? Avoid making noise when in the child's room. Let the child's 2-year-old sibling stay in the room. Keep the lights on brightly so that the child can see the parent. Rock the child frequently.

Avoid making noise when in the child's room.

When collecting data on a child's cultural background, the nurse should keep in mind that: heritage dictates cultural values. cultural background usually has little bearing on a family's health practices. physical characteristics mark the child as part of a particular culture. behavioral patterns are learned within a culture.

behavioral patterns are learned within a culture.

When assisting in developing a plan of care for a hospitalized child, the nurse knows that children in which age-group are most likely to view illness as a punishment for misdeeds? school age infancy preschool age adolescence

preschool age

A 3-year-old child with Down syndrome, admitted to the pediatric unit with asthma, does not enunciate words well and holds on to furniture when walking. What question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask the parent? "How does your child's condition today differ from their normal condition?" "Is your child able to walk without holding on to furniture?" "How long has your child has been like this?" "Does your child always drool?"

"How does your child's condition today differ from their normal condition?"

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who is near death. Which statement by the family best indicates to the nurse that the family may be ready to consider organ donation? "We talked to the doctor about removing life support." "I would do anything to have no other family go through this." "No one should have to watch their child die." "How long can the child live this way? It is so hard to watch."

"I would do anything to have no other family go through this."

After receiving education about the treatment plan for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) for a preschooler, the caregiver asks the nurse, "I saw a movie where a baby born to the parents was able to be a donor for stem cell transplant for the sibling with leukemia. Is that something we could do?" What is the nurse's best response? "If this is something you are considering, I recommend you speak to the health care provider about a consult to a genetic counselor." "The time it will take for you to have another baby coupled with the possibility that that child will not be a match makes this impractical." "As is often the case when medical treatments are represented in movies, this is not something that is really done in practice." "I saw that movie too. I thought it was unfair for the younger sibling to have to undergo all those invasive medical procedures."

"If this is something you are considering, I recommend you speak to the health care provider about a consult to a genetic counselor."

A 5-year-old arrives in the clinic for a physical to enter school. Which potential child abuse findings should be brought to the health care provider's attention? Select all that apply. The child has abrasions on the knee. A patterned bruise is noted on the back. The child clings to favorite blanket. Parental description of accident does not match injury. Injuries in various stages of healing are documented.

A patterned bruise is noted on the back. Parental description of accident does not match injury. Injuries in various stages of healing are documented.

The physician diagnoses leukemia in a child, age 4, who reports being tired and sleeps most of the day. Which nursing diagnosis reflects the nurse's understanding of the pathophysiology behind leukemia? Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements related to lack of activity Ineffective airway clearance related to fatigue Ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion related to central nervous system infiltration by leukemic cells Activity intolerance related to anemia

Activity intolerance related to anemia

The nurse is caring for a preschooler brought to the emergency department with an asthma attack. In which order, from first to last, should the nurse perform the health care provider's prescriptions? All options must be used. Click an option, hold and drag it to the desired position, or click an option to highlight it and move it up or down in the order using the arrows to the left. 1 Administer magnesium sulfate 80 mg intravenously once. 2 Establish peripheral intravenous access. 3 Administer methylprednisolone 30 mg intravenously once. 4 Administer oxygen to maintain an oxygen saturation level of 95%. 5 Administer albuterol (salbutamol) 3 mg via nebulizer every 20 minutes.

Administer oxygen to maintain an oxygen saturation level of 95%. Administer albuterol (salbutamol) 3 mg via nebulizer every 20 minutes. Establish peripheral intravenous access. Administer methylprednisolone 30 mg intravenously once. Administer magnesium sulfate 80 mg intravenously once.

When gathering data on a preschool-age child, the nurse finds multiple contusions over the body. Which statement indicates the findings that should be documented? Contusions confined to one body area are typically suspicious. Natural injuries usually have straight linear lines, while injuries from abuse have multiple curved lines. The depth, location, and amount of bleeding that initially occurs is constant, but the sequence of color change is variable. All lesions, including location, shape, and color, should be documented.

All lesions, including location, shape, and color, should be documented.

Which method is most reliable for confirming a preschooler's identity before administering a medication? Ask the child his name. Check the hospital identification bracelet. Check the name on the bed. Ask the parents at the bedside.

Check the hospital identification bracelet.

A child, age 4, with a recent history of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea is admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis. During data collection, the nurse detects tenting. This finding supports a nursing diagnosis of: Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion related to peripheral cyanosis. Deficient fluid volume related to dehydration. Activity intolerance related to hypoxia. Risk for injury related to capillary fragility.

Deficient fluid volume related to dehydration.

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child with end-stage leukemia. The child's physician has ordered a lumbar puncture. His mother, who has legal custody, has refused to give consent for the child to undergo the procedure. However, the child's father is demanding that the procedure be performed. What should the nurse do first?

Inform the father that the procedure won't be performed because the mother didn't consent.

hich documentation is most important when preparing a preschool-age child for surgery? Preoperative medication administration Preoperative teaching Informed consent Vital signs

Informed consent

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old with several tiny blisters near the mouth, several of which are draining clear fluid and others which have a yellowish crust. Which teaching will the nurse provide to the client's parent? Plan to administer antiviral therapy for at least seven days. Keep the child home from school until antibiotic therapy has been administered for 24 hours. Recognize that this is a normal finding that will run its course without intervention. Wash the area with isopropyl alcohol to attempt to dry the drainage faster.

Keep the child home from school until antibiotic therapy has been administered for 24 hours.

The nurse has just administered a drug to a child. Which organ is most responsible for drug excretion in children? Heart Liver Lungs Kidneys

Kidneys

A mother of a 5-year-old child who was admitted to the hospital has a Protection from Abuse order for the child against his father. A copy of the order is kept on the pediatric medical surgical unit where the child is being treated. The order prohibits the father from having any contact with the child. One night, the father approaches the nurse at the nurses' station, politely but insistently demanding to see his child, and refusing to leave until he does so. What should the nurse do first? Notify the nurse-manager. Notify hospital security or the local authorities. Firmly tell the father he must leave. Notify the nursing coordinator on duty.

Notify hospital security or the local authorities.

A parent asks the nurse for advice on setting limits and disciplining a 4-year-old child. During the teaching session, which fact should the nurse emphasize? Parents should enforce rules rigidly. Children younger than age 5 rarely need to be punished. Parents should set firm, consistent limits. Parents should always use a "timeout" seat.

Parents should set firm, consistent limits.

Encouraging children to engage in fantasy play and participate in their own care is a useful developmental approach for which pediatric age-group? Adolescence (10 to 19 years) Toddler (1 to 3 years) Preschool age (3 to 5 years) School age (5 to 10 years)

Preschool age (3 to 5 years)

A 5-year-old newly diagnosed asthma client is being discharged from the hospital following asthma exacerbation. While providing discharge instructions to an overwhelmed parent, which instruction is essential for home medication use? Instruct the family to encourage the child to take responsibility for ensuring timely drug administration. Instruct the family to explain the purpose of the medication to the child. Teach the family how to adjust the drug schedule according to the child's needs. Provide the family with the drug's name, dosage, route, and frequency of administration.

Provide the family with the drug's name, dosage, route, and frequency of administration.

A preschool-age child refuses to take prescribed medication. Which nursing strategy would be most appropriate? Making the child feel ashamed for not cooperating Mixing the medication in milk so the child isn't aware that it's there Showing trust in the child's ability to cooperate even with an unpleasant procedure Explaining the medication's effects in detail to ensure cooperation

Showing trust in the child's ability to cooperate even with an unpleasant procedure

For a child with tracheobronchitis, the nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions. After implementing interventions, the nurse expects which client outcome? The child exhibits increased anxiety. The child exhibits a respiratory rate of 44 breaths/minute. The child exhibits clear breath sounds. The child exhibits an arterial oxygen saturation of 85%.

The child exhibits clear breath sounds.

The parent of an 8-year-old client tells the nurse that when the child plays with other children, the child does not seem to interact with them, but simply plays alongside. What does the nurse determine about the child? This is solitary play typical of infants, not preschool children. This is a parallel play typical of toddlers, not school-aged children. This is associative play typical of preschool children, not school-aged children. This is cooperative play typical of adolescents, not school-aged children.

This is a parallel play typical of toddlers, not school-aged children.

A nurse manager of the pediatric unit discovers that she is overbudget on supplies. How could each nurse assigned to the unit help with cost containment? Order only brand-name supplies instead of the generic equivalent. Use the supply closet at work to stock personal medicine cabinets because the supplies are free. Use care pathways to specify care and identify daily outcomes. Order supplies that are soon to be expired.

Use care pathways to specify care and identify daily outcomes.

A nurse on the pediatric unit is caring for a group of preschool children. Which situation takes priority? a physician waiting on the telephone to give the nurse a verbal order a child who develops a fever during a blood transfusion a child admitted from the postanesthesia care unit who has a blood-saturated surgical dressing a child with asthma who is wheezing with an oxygen saturation level of 96%

a child who develops a fever during a blood transfusion

The nurse has received the shift report on a group of preschool-aged clients. In which order, from first to last, should the nurse assess the clients? All options must be used. Click an option, hold and drag it to the desired position, or click an option to highlight it and move it up or down in the order using the arrows to the left. 1 a client with asthma who is due for a scheduled short-acting beta-agonist nebulizer 2 a client who has discharge orders written and whose caregivers are requesting instructions 3 a client with type 1 diabetes who is due for insulin aspart prior to breakfast 4 a client with a casted fractured femur whose caregivers are requesting analgesia 5 a client who is 10 hours post-tonsillectomy who has just experienced hematemesis

a client who has discharge orders written and whose caregivers are requesting instructions Correct response: a client who is 10 hours post-tonsillectomy who has just experienced hematemesis a client with a casted fractured femur whose caregivers are requesting analgesia a client with type 1 diabetes who is due for insulin aspart prior to breakfast a client with asthma who is due for a scheduled short-acting beta-agonist nebulizer a client who has discharge orders written and whose caregivers are requesting instructions

A nurse is finishing a shift on the pediatric unit. Because the shift is ending, which intervention takes priority? checking to see that client orders have been transcribed completing input and output recording for the shift documenting the care provided during the shift checking client pain levels for report to the next shift nurse

documenting the care provided during the shift

For a child who's admitted to the emergency department with an acute asthma attack, nursing data collection is most likely to reveal: inspiratory stridor. absent breath sounds. expiratory wheezing. apneic periods.

expiratory wheezing.

A preschool-age child scheduled for surgery in the morning is admitted to the facility for the first time. Which nursing action would ease the child's anxiety? explaining preoperative and postoperative procedures step by step having the child act out the surgical experience using dolls and medical equipment beginning preoperative teaching as soon as possible explaining that the child will be "put to sleep" during the operation and will feel nothing

having the child act out the surgical experience using dolls and medical equipment

A parent tells the nurse that the parent's preschool-aged child with spina bifida sneezes and gets a rash when playing with brightly colored balloons, and that recently the child had an allergic reaction after eating kiwi fruit and bananas. Based on the parent's report, the nurse suspects that the child may have an allergy to color dyes. kiwi fruit. latex. bananas.

latex

The parents of a 4-year-old child with sickle cell anemia tell a nurse that they would like to have more children but are concerned about passing sickle cell anemia on to them. When speaking with the registered nurse who is supervising the nurse, the nurse would expect that a referral is made to which health care team member? medical geneticist obstetrician medical social worker perinatologist

medical geneticist

When making ethical decisions about caring for preschoolers, a nurse should remember to make decisions that will prevent legal trouble. do what the nurse would do for a close child or loved ones. be sure to do what the physician says. provide beneficial care and avoid harming the child

provide beneficial care and avoid harming the child.

The parents of a preschooler are refusing a blood transfusion to treat severe hypovolemia because they are Jehovah's Witnesses. The parents are aware of the potential consequences of refusing the treatment. The priority intervention for the nurse at this point is to: pursue obtaining orders for alternative treatments to a blood transfusion. perform the blood transfusion as directed by the physician. contact social services and report the parents for abuse. notify the hospital ethics committee to overrule the parents decision.

pursue obtaining orders for alternative treatments to a blood transfusion.

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old client with asthma who is exhibiting frustration with being hospitalized. The child is irritable and unsettled, creating anxiety for the family. Which toys are appropriate for the nurse to obtain for play therapy? Select all that apply. mini soap bubbles puzzles with large pieces a simple card game a pull toy paper and crayons

puzzles with large pieces paper and crayons a simple card game

The nurse is preparing to insert an intravenous cannula on a preschooler. In which position should the nurse place the child to best reduce the risk of injury during the procedure? seated in a chair facing away from the nurse with the arm supported sitting on a caregiver's lap and secured in a comfortable position in the supine position with a second person securing the child's arm in the position the preschooler chooses as most comfortable

sitting on a caregiver's lap and secured in a comfortable position