Principles of Management Chapter 2

Administrative Management

Focus: organization rather than individual

Mary Parker Follett

Her work was embraced by many business people of the day and has been recently "rediscovered" by corporate America. LeadershipEmpowermentConflict management

Scientific Management

thoroughly studying and testing different work methods to identify the best, most efficient way to complete a job

Taylor's Four Principles of Scientific Management

1. Develop a science for each element of a man's work, which replaces the old rule of thumb method 2. Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the workman, whereas in the past, he chose his own work and trained himself as best he could 3. Heartily cooperate with the men so as to ensure all of the work being done is in accordance with the principles of the science 4. an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility between the management and the workmen.

Henri Fayol's Principles of Management

1. Division of Work 2. Authority & Responsibility 3. Discipline 4. Unity of Command 5. unity of direction 6. Subordination of individual interests to the general interest 7. Remuneration 8. centralization 9. Scalar chain 10. order 11. Equity 12. Stability of tenure of personnel 13. Initiative 14. Esprit de corps

Max Weber & the Elements of Bureaucratic Organizations

1. Qualification based hiring 2. merit based promotion 3. chain of command 4. Division of labor 5. Impartial application of rules & procedures 6. recorded in writing 7. managers separate from owners

Chester Barnard

Informal Organization Acceptance Theory of Authority

Frederick W. Taylor, Scientific Management

father of scientific management theory that labor productivity could be improved by scientifically determined management practices

Human Relations Management

focuses on people, particularly the psychological and social aspects of work Efficiency alone is not enough to produce organizational success

Hawethrone Studies: Elton Mayo

showed that when management paid more attention to workers productivity increased human factors were more important than physical conditions or the work itself

Bureaucracy

the exercise of control on the basis of knowledge, expertise, or experience