prod mgmt 3320 - Ch. 5 Smartbook

Which of the following is not a reason for diseconomies of scale?

Construction costs increase more quickly as the facility size increases. (If anything,the increase tends to slow.)

___________ occurs when light waves pass through a small opening, creating patterns of smaller waves.

Diffraction.

How many products does cost-volume analysis involve?

One.

Which of the following is the correct formula for the break-even point?

Q = FC / R-v.

Two important terms in financial analysis are ____________ flow and _____________ value.

cash ; present.

Utilization is the ratio of actual output to _____________ capacity. It is expressed as a _____________.

design ; percentage.

The ring and streak patterns seen around this image of a star are caused by the wave phenomenon of ___________.

diffraction.

With __________, increasing the output rate results in increasing the average unit cost, if the output rate is more than the optimal rate.

diseconomies of scale.

Design capacity is the __________ output rate a process is _____________ for.

maximum ; designed.

A telescope's ability to separate two closely spaced stars is called ____________ power.

resolving.

Light is refracted (bent) as it passes through a telescope lens because its ____________ changes.

speed.

Select all of the properties that describe reflecting telescopes.

- A mirror is the primary collector. (Keep in mind the "mirror" on a radio telescope looks different than the one on the wall-but it's still a "mirror" to radio waves!) - Often the secondary mirror blocks some of the primary.

Which of the following may prove to be challenging ways to measure capacity?

- Capacity based on revenues generated. - Capacity based on units of output.

Which of the following are the key questions to be answered when making capacity planning decisions?

- How much capacity is needed? - What kind of capacity is needed? - When is the capacity needed?

Which of the following factors are probable reasons for actual output being less than the effective capacity?

- Inventory shortages. - Ideal machines. - Machine breakdowns. - Employee absenteeism.

Which of the following factors are probably reasons for actual output being less than the effective capacity?

- Machine breakdowns. - Employee absenteeism. - Inventory shortages.

Which of the following situations causes a misjudgment of a firm's capacity requirements?

- Marketing personnel are overly optimistic in their predictions. - Prediction focus mainly on the potential revenue that will be earned.

Match the telescope property to its definition.

- Resolving power : The ability to see fine detail. - Magnification : The ability to enlarge objects. - Sensitivity : The ability to detect low surface-brightness objects. - Field of view : The angular size of the sky that can be observed.

Which of the following are additional questions that should be asked in making capacity planning decisions, beyond the initial key questions?

- Should capacity be changed all at once? - How much will it cost? - What are the potential risks?

Two radio telescopes observe the same frequency of light. Telescope A has a diameter six times the diameter of telescope B. Select all the statements that are true of A and B.

- Telescope A can resolve six times finer detail than B. - Telescope A has 36 times the sensitivity of B.

Which of the following are assumptions for cost-volume analysis?

- The variable cost per unit does not change. - There is only one product. - Per unit revenue exceeds per unit variable cost.

Improving which of the following aspects of a firm's operations can increase its capacity?

- Utilization. - Efficiency. - Bottleneck management.

The most common designs for small reflector telescopes are Newtonian and Cassegrain. A Cassegrain telescope has a ___________.

- hole in the mirror. (A Cassegrain reflects light out the back of the tube through a hole in the primary mirror.) - curved secondary mirror.

Advantages of reflecting (mirror) telescopes over refracting (lens) telescopes include the property that _________.

- mirrors do not absorb short wavelengths of light. - you can support a mirror from behind. - mirrors focus all colors equally well.

The largest optical telescopes in the world are reflecting telescopes, because it is difficult to make a refractor (lens) telescope larger than about 1 meter in diameter. It is difficult because _________.

- refracting telescopes have long focal lengths and are very large. - the heavy lens distorts under its own weight. - it is very difficult to support large pieces of glass only by the edge.

In the context of forecasting capacity requirements, identify some of the basic demand patterns.

- stable. - cyclical.

Which of the following statements about variability in capacity planning/forecasting is/are true?

-Service systems have considerable variability in service requests, making capacity planning challenging. - Service systems have considerable variability in service time, making capacity planning challenging.

The mirror in the Hubble telescope has a diameter of about 250 centimeters. If it is observing light with a wavelength of 500 nanometers the resolving power is about __________ arc seconds.

0.04. (0.02 x (500/250)).

Place the following steps in the capacity planning process in the correct order.

1. Estimate future capacity requirements. 2. Evaluate existing capacity and identify gaps. 3. Identify alternatives for meeting requirements. 4. Conduct financial analyses of each alternative. 5. Assess key qualitative issues for each alternative. 6. Select, implement, and monitor the best alternative to purse.

Place the following steps for resolving constraint issues in order:

1. Identify the most pressing constraint. If it cannot be easily overcome, go to the next step. 2. Change the operation to achieve maximum benefit, given the constraint. 3. Make sure al other parts of the process support the constraint. 4. Explore and evaluate alternatives for overcoming the constraint. 5. Repeat until the level of constraints is acceptable.

You solve the equation Dcm > 0.02/alpha and calculate the answer Dcm=300 centimeters. This means the telescope diameter must be ___________ to achieve the desired revolving power.

300 centimeters or larger.

To record a visible image of a dim galaxy in the shortest time, which of these telescopes would be the best choice?

5.0-meter reflector on Earth's surface.

Which of the following is not a reason that makes service capacity more difficult to plan than manufacturing capacity?

Amount of inventory required. (The amount of inventory required depends on the specific product or service offered.)

Which of the following is the correct formula for efficiency?

Efficiency = ( Actual output / Effective capcity ) * 100 %.

True or false: Globalization simplifies capacity decisions because there are more, cheaper options.

False.

True or false: The more uniform production output is, the less effective capacity the operation has.

False.

Match the properties to reflecting or refracting telescopes.

Reflecting : Typically has a short tube. Easily supported from the back. Primary focusing device is a mirror. Refracting : Primary focusing device is a lens. Long focal length/long tube. Colors focus at different lengths.

A capacity cushion is ____________ minus ___________ demand. It is used when there is uncertainty about future demand.

capacity ; expected.

A bottleneck operation is the step whose ___________ is _________ than that of other steps in the sequence of operations.

capacity ; lower.